σκληρότης
sklērótēs · G4643 · Greek · 1 occurrence
Meanings
-
stubbornness
A stubborn attitude with regard to any change in behavior
ExamplesRomans 2:5 But because of your stubbornness and unrepentant heart you are storing up wrath for yourself on the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God,
How it’s used In 2 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- σύyou 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- κατάaccording to, against, down 2
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- πώρωσις pṓrōsis · G4457 · unwillingness to learn, mental stubbornness, closed mind
- NT term for spiritual hardening/callousness (Rom 11:25, Eph 4:18, Mark 3:5); shares the metaphorical sense of impenetrability to spiritual truth with σκληρότης but derives from a different root (πωρόω, to petrify/harden)
- ἀπείθεια apeítheia · G543 · to disobey, disobedience, to refuse to be a believer
- Willful disobedience/obstinacy toward divine authority; overlaps with the volitional stubbornness conveyed by σκληρότης but focuses specifically on the refusal to obey/be persuaded
Contrasting words 1 word
- μετάνοια metánoia · G3341 · to repent, to change one’s way, repentance
- Theological opposite of σκληρότης in Rom 2:4-5 where hardness/impenitence (σκληρότης) is contrasted with repentance; represents the responsive heart vs. the stubborn heart
In the other Testament 1 word
- קְשִׁי qᵉshîy · H7190 · stubbornness
- Standard Hebrew noun for stubbornness/hardness of heart; direct translation equivalent for σκληρότης in contexts of spiritual obstinacy (e.g., LXX Deut 9:27 uses σκληρότης for Hebrew קְשִׁי)
Semantic domains 1 entry
- Stubbornness88.223
- The noun names an unyielding, obstinate disposition. Paul warns, “because of your stubbornness and unrepentant heart you are storing up wrath for yourself on the day of wrath” (Romans 2:5).
Word family 7 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon σκληρότητος, ἡ (σκληρός), hardness; tropically, obstinacy, stubbornness: Rom 2:5. (Deut…
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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