σκιά
skiá · G4639 · Greek · 7 occurrences
Meanings
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shade
Shade, as a shelter from light and the heat associated with light
ExamplesMark 4:32 yet when it is sown, it grows up and becomes larger than all the garden plants, and forms large branches, with the result that THE BIRDS OF THE SKY can NEST UNDER its shade.”
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shadow
The shape or shade cast by an object which blocks rays of light
ExamplesMatthew 4:16 THE PEOPLE WHO WERE SITTING IN DARKNESS SAW A GREAT LIGHT, AND THOSE WHO WERE SITTING IN THE LAND AND SHADOW OF DEATH, UPON THEM A LIGHT DAWNED.”
Luke 1:79 To shine on those who sit in darkness and the shadow of death, To guide our feet into the way of peace.”
Acts 5:15 to such an extent that they even carried the sick out into the streets and laid them on cots and pallets, so that when Peter came by at least his shadow might fall on any of them.
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foreshadow, faint prototype, shadow
A faint archetype which foreshadows a later reality
ExamplesColossians 2:17 things which are only a shadow of what is to come; but the substance belongs to Christ.
Hebrews 8:5 who serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things, just as Moses was warned by God when he was about to erect the tabernacle; for, “SEE,” He says, “THAT YOU MAKE all things BY THE PATTERN WHICH WAS SHOWN TO YOU ON THE MOUNTAIN.”
How it’s used In 5 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
6 occurrences in 4 groups
- θάνατοςdeath 2
- μέλλωto be about to 2
- ἐπουράνιοςheavenly 1
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ἐπισκιάζωto cast a shadow upon 1
What is done to itIt is the object
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- ἔχωto have 1
- λατρεύωto serve, to worship 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ὅςwho, which, that 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
3 occurrences in 2 groups
- ἐνin 4
- ὑπόby, under 2
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 2 words
- צֵל tsêl · H6738 · shadow, shade, shelter
- Hebrew צֵל and Greek σκιά are direct translation equivalents denoting literal shade/shadow and figurative protection or transience, with the Greek term extending more explicitly into theological/typological imagery (adumbration of future realities) attested in NT usage.
- צַלְמָוֶת tsalmâveth · H6757 · deep darkness
- צַלְמָוֶת (tsalmâveth, H6757) is a compound term meaning specifically 'shadow of death' or 'deep darkness,' representing the most extreme or ominous form of shadow, whereas σκιά (skiá, G4639) is the general Greek term for any shade or shadow, literal or figurative; the LXX regularly uses σκιά to render this Hebrew intensified compound in contexts of deep gloom, mortal danger, or death imagery.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- Shade14.60
- The noun describes the shade cast by something for protection or rest. Mark describes the mustard plant's growth, forming branches “with the result that THE BIRDS OF THE SKY can NEST UNDER its shade” (Mark 4:32).
- Shadow14.61
- The same noun also names the dark shape cast by something blocking light. Matthew records Isaiah's prophecy of those “sitting in the land and shadow of death” (Matthew 4:16).
- Foreshadow, faint prototype, shadow58.65
- The same noun, used figuratively, describes something that merely foreshadows a greater reality. Paul writes that the old regulations were “only a shadow of what is to come; but the substance belongs to Christ” (Colossians 2:17).
Word family 9 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon σκιᾶς, ἡ ((see σκηνή, at the beginning)), from Homer down, the Sept. for צֵל; a.…
a. properly, shadow, i. e. shade caused by the interception of the light: Mk 4:32 (cf. Ezek 17:23); Acts 5:15; σκιά θανάτου, shadow of death (like umbra mortis, Ovid. metam. 5, 191, and umbra Erebi, Vergil Aen. 4, 26; 6, 404), 'the densest darkness' (because from of old Hades had been regarded as enveloped in thick darkness), tropically, the thick darkness of error (i. e. spiritual death; see θάνατος, 1): Mt 4:16; Lk 1:79 (from Isa 9:1, where צַלְמָוֶת).
b. a shadow, i. e. an image cast by an object and representing the form of that object: opposed to σῶμα, the thing itself, Col 2:17; hence, equivalent to a sketch, outline, adumbration, Heb 8:5; opposed to εἰκών, the 'express' likeness, the very image, Heb 10:1 (as in Cicero, de off. 3, 17, 69nos veri juris solidam et expresssam effigiem nullam tenemus, umbra et imaginibus utimur).
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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