προγινώσκω
proginṓskō · G4267 · Greek · 5 occurrences
Meanings
-
to know beforehand, to know already, to have foreknowledge
To know about something prior to some temporal reference point, for example, to know about an event before it happens
ExamplesActs 26:5 since they have known about me for a long time, if they are willing to testify, that I lived as a Pharisee according to the strictest sect of our religion.
Romans 8:29 For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brothers and sisters;
Romans 11:2 God has not rejected His people whom He foreknew. Or do you not know what the Scripture says in the passage about Elijah, how he pleads with God against Israel?
-
to choose beforehand, to select in advance
To choose or select in advance of some other event
ExamplesRomans 8:29 For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brothers and sisters;
Romans 11:2 God has not rejected His people whom He foreknew. Or do you not know what the Scripture says in the passage about Elijah, how he pleads with God against Israel?
1 Peter 1:20 For He was foreknown before the foundation of the world, but has appeared in these last times for the sake of you
How it’s used In 6 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
5 occurrences in 3 groups
- Not stated: he, she or it 2
- Not stated (participle) 2
- σύyou 1
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
3 occurrences in 2 groups
- ὅςwho, which, that 2
- ἐγώI, we 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- πρόbefore+ καταβολήcreation 1
With adverbsAdverbs
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ἄνωθενfrom above 1
Named alongside itApposition
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- λαόςpeople 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- προορίζωto decide beforehand 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 1 word
- προοράω prooráō · G4308 · to see beforehand to have seen previously, to know beforehand, to know already
- Both denote foreknowledge or advance perception: προγινώσκω emphasizes cognitive foreknowledge (knowing beforehand), while προοράω emphasizes visual or perceptual foresight (seeing/beholding in advance), though both can extend to broader anticipatory awareness.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- To know beforehand, to know already, to have foreknowledge28.6
- The verb describes knowing something in advance, whether a plain prior acquaintance or divine foreknowledge. Peter's second epistle uses this term: “You therefore, beloved, knowing this beforehand, be on your guard so that you are not carried away by the error of unscrupulous people and lose your own firm commitment” (2 Peter 3:17).
- To choose beforehand, to select in advance30.100
- The same verb, in a theological context, describes God's advance choice of a people for a purpose rather than mere prior awareness. Paul's teaching on the golden chain of salvation uses this term: “For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brothers and sisters” (Romans 8:29).
Word family 25 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon 2 aorist 3 person singular προέγνω; perfect passive participle προεγνωσμενος; to have…
c. 42; προγινώσκει (ὁ Θεός) τινας ἐκ μετανοίας σωθήσεσθαι μέλλοντας, id. Apology 1:28); ὅν προέγνω, whose character he clearly saw beforehand, Rom 11:1 ( Lachmann in brackets), (against those who in the preceding passages from Rom. explain προγινώσκειν as meaning to predestinate, cf. Meyer, Philippi, Van Hengel); προεγνωσμένου, namely, ὑπό τοῦ Θεοῦ (foreknown by God, although not yet 'made manifest' to men), 1 Pet 1:20. (Wis. 6:14 Wis. 8:8 Wis. 18:6; Euripides, Xenophon, Plato, Herodian, Philostr., others.)
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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