οὕτω
hoútō · G3779 · Greek · 209 occurrences
Meanings
-
so, thus, in this way
With reference to that which precedes
ExamplesMatthew 2:5 They said to him, “In Bethlehem of Judea; for this is what has been written by the prophet:
Matthew 3:15 But Jesus, answering, said to him, “Allow it at this time; for in this way it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.” Then he allowed Him.
Matthew 5:16 “Your light must shine before people in such a way that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father who is in heaven.
-
the following, as follows
Referring to that which follows (compare sense 1)
ExamplesMatthew 1:18 Now the birth of Jesus the Messiah was as follows: when His mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found to be pregnant by the Holy Spirit.
John 3:16 “For God so loved the world, that He gave His only Son, so that everyone who believes in Him will not perish, but have eternal life.
John 21:1 After these things Jesus revealed Himself again to the disciples at the Sea of Tiberias, and He revealed Himself in this way:
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so, so much
A relatively high degree, presumably in keeping with the context
ExamplesActs 19:20 So the word of the Lord was growing and prevailing mightily.
Galatians 1:6 I am amazed that you are so quickly deserting Him who called you by the grace of Christ, for a different gospel,
Galatians 3:3 Are you so foolish? Having begun by the Spirit, are you now being perfected by the flesh?
How it’s used In 1 role
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
15 occurrences in 11 groups
- οὗτοςthis 3
- παρουσίαcoming, presence 3
- Other words · 9 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 3 words
- כֵּן kên · H3651 · thus, in this manner, in this way
- οὕτω (hoútō, G3779) (οὕτω, 'in this way') serves as the standard Greek equivalent of כֵּן (kên, H3651) (כֵּן, 'thus/so'), both functioning as manner adverbs that refer deictically to preceding or following context to indicate 'in this/that way.'
- כֹּה kôh · H3541 · thus, so, this is what
- Greek οὕτω and Hebrew כֹּה both function as demonstrative adverbs marking manner or reference to preceding/following context ('thus/so/in this way'), with כֹּה also carrying messenger-formula and prophetic-declaration uses where οὕτω serves as its standard LXX rendering.
- כָּכָה kâkâh · H3602 · thus, in this manner, in this way
- Greek οὕτω and Hebrew כָּכָה are manner-deictic adverbs with closely parallel semantic range, both pointing to 'in this or that manner' with anaphoric or cataphoric reference, reflecting genuine translation equivalence.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- The following, as follows61.10
- This domain covers οὕτω(ς) introducing the specific content of what follows, as Matthew opens his account of the nativity: “Now the birth of Jesus Christ was as follows: when His mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found to be pregnant by the Holy Spirit.” (Matthew 1:18)
- So, thus, in this way61.9
- Here οὕτω(ς) refers back to a manner already described, as Jesus concludes His teaching on prayer: “Pray, then, in this way: ‘Our Father who is in heaven, hallowed be Your name.’” (Matthew 6:9)
- So, so much78.4
- This domain covers οὕτω(ς) intensifying the degree of an action or quality, as John states the reason for the Son's mission: “For God so loved the world, that He gave His only Son, so that everyone who believes in Him will not perish, but have eternal life.” (John 3:16)
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon and οὕτως (formerly in printed editions οὕτω appeared before a consonant, οὕτως before a…
1. by virtue of its native demonstrative force it refers to what precedes; "in the manner spoken of; in the way described; in the way it was done; in this manner; in such a manner; thus, so": Mt 6:30; Mt 11:26; Mt 17:12; Mt 19:8; Mk 14:59; Lk 1:25; Lk 2:48; Lk 12:28; Rom 11:5; 1 Cor 8:12; 1 Cor 15:11; Heb 6:9; (2 Pet 3:11 WH Tr marginal reading); οὐχ οὕτως ἔσται (L Tr WH ἐστιν (so also T in Mark)) ἐν ὑμῖν, it will not be so among you (I hope), Mt 20:26; Mk 10:43; ὑμεῖς οὐχ οὕτως namely, ἔσεσθε, Lk 22:26; ἐάν ἀφῶμεν αὐτόν οὕτως namely, ποιοῦντα, thus as he has done hitherto (see ἀφίημι, 2 b.), Jn 11:48; it refers to similitudes and comparisons, and serves to adapt them to the case in hand, Mt 5:16 (even so, i. e. as the lamp on the lampstand); Mt 12:45; Mt 13:49; Mt 18:14; Mt 20:16; Lk 12:21 (WH brackets the verse); Lk 15:7, Lk 15:10; Jn 3:8; 1 Cor 9:24; likewise οὕτως καί, Mt 17:12; Mt 18:35; Mt 24:33; Mk 13:20; Lk 17:10. οὕτως ἔχειν, to be so (Latinsic oritasehabere): Acts 7:1; Acts 12:15; Acts 17:11; Acts 24:9. it serves to resume participles (Josephus, Antiquities 8, 11, 1; b. j. 2, 8, 5; see examples from Greek authors in Passow, under the word, 1 h.; (Liddell and Scott, v. I. 7)): Acts 20:11; Acts 27:17; but Jn 4:6 must not (with Winers Grammar, § 65, 9 at the end; Buttmann, § 144, 21) be referred to this head, see Meyer (and 5 d. below); on Rev 3:5, see 5 c. below. It takes the place of an explanatory participial clause, equivalent to matters being thus arranged, under these circumstances, in such a condition of things (Buttmann, § 149, 1; cf. Winer's Grammar, § 60, 5): Rom 5:12 (this connection between sin and death being established (but this explanation of the οὕτως appears to be too general (cf. Meyer ad loc.))); Heb 6:15 (i. e. since God had pledged the promise by an oath); equivalent to things having been thus settled, this having been done, then: Mt 11:26; Acts 7:8; Acts 28:14; 1 Cor 14:25; 1 Thess 4:17; 2 Pet 1:11; cf. Fritzsche, Commentary to Romans, i., p. 298. Closely related to this use is that of of οὕτως (like Latinita foritaque,igitur) in the sense of consequently (cf. English so at the beginning of a sentence): Mt 7:17; Rom 1:15; Rom 6:11; Rev 3:16 ((cf. Fritzsche on Matthew, p. 220); Passow, under the word, 2; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, II.)).
2. it prepares the way for what follows: Mt 6:9; Lk 19:31; Jn 21:1; οὕτως ἦν, was arranged thus, was on this wise (Winers Grammar, 465 (434); Buttmann, § 129, 11), Mt 1:18; οὕτως ἐστι τό θέλημα τοῦ Θεοῦ followed by an infinitive, so is the will of God, that, 1 Pet 2:15. before language quoted from the O. T.: Mt 2:5; Acts 7:6; Acts 13:34, Acts 13:47; 1 Cor 15:45; Heb 4:4.
3. with adjectives, so (Latintam, marking degree of intensity): Heb 12:21; Rev 16:18; postpositive, τί δειλοί ἐστε οὕτως; Mk 4:40 (L Tr WH omit); in the same sense with adverbs, Gal 1:6; or with verbs, so greatly, 1 Jn 4:11; οὕτως... ὥστε, Jn 3:16. οὐδέποτε ἐφάνη οὕτως, it was never seen in such fashion, i. e. such an extraordinary sight, Mt 9:33 (ἐφάνη must be taken impersonally; cf. Bleek, Synoptative Erklär. i. p. 406 (or Meyer at the passage)); οὐδέποτε οὕτως εἴδομεν, we never saw it so, i. e. with such astonishment, Mk 2:12.
4. οὕτως or οὕτως καί in comparison stands antithetic to an adverb or a relative pronoun (Winers Grammar, § 53, 5; cf. Buttmann, 362 (311)
c.): καθάπερ... οὕτως, Rom 12:4; 1 Cor 12:12; 2 Cor 8:11; καθώς... οὕτως, Lk 11:30; Lk 17:26; Jn 3:14; Jn 12:50; Jn 14:31; Jn 15:4; 2 Cor 1:5; 2 Cor 10:7; 1 Thess 2:4; Heb 5:3; οὕτως... καθώς, Lk 24:24; Rom 11:26; Phm 3:17; ὡς... οὕτως, Acts 8:32; Acts 23:11; Rom 5:15, Rom 5:18; 1 Cor 7:17; 2 Cor 7:14; 1 Thess 2:8; 1 Thess 5:2; οὕτως... ὡς, Mk 4:26; Jn 7:46 (L WH omit; Tr brackets the clause); 1 Cor 3:15; 1 Cor 4:1; 1 Cor 9:26; Eph 5:28; Jas 2:12; οὕτως ὡς... μή ὡς, 2 Cor 9:5 (G L T Tr WH); ὥσπερ... οὕτως, Mt 12:40; Mt 13:40; Mt 24:27, Mt 24:37, Mt 24:39; Lk 17:24; Jn 5:21, Jn 5:26; Rom 5:12, Rom 5:19, Rom 5:21; Rom 6:4; Rom 11:31; 1 Cor 11:12; 1 Cor 15:22; 1 Cor 16:1; 2 Cor 1:7 R G; Gal 4:29; Eph 5:24 R G; after καθ' ὅσον, Heb 9:27f; οὕτως... ὅν τρόπον, Acts 1:11; Acts 27:25; ὅν τρόπον... οὕτως, 2 Tim 3:8 (Isa 52:14); κατά τήν ὁδόν ἥν λέγουσιν αἵρεσιν οὕτω κτλ., after the Way (i. e. as it requires (cf. ὁδός, 2 a. at the end)) so etc. Acts 24:14.
5. Further, the following special uses deserve notice:
a. (ἔχει) ὅς (better ὁ) μέν οὕτως ὅς (better ὁ) δέ οὕτως, one after this manner, another after that, i. e. different men in different ways, 1 Cor 7:7 (πότε μέν οὕτως καί πότε οὕτως φάγεται ἡ μάχαιρα, 2 Sam 11:25).
b. οὕτως, in the manner known to all, i. e. according to the context, so shamefully, 1 Cor 5:3.
c. in that state in which one finds oneself, such as one is (cf. Winer's Grammar, 465 (434)): τί με ἐποίησας οὕτως, Rom 9:20; οὕτως of those εἶναι, μένειν who remain unmarried, 1 Cor 7:26, 1 Cor 7:40; ὁ νικῶν οὕτως περιβαλεῖται viz. as (i. e. because he is) victor (others in the manner described in verse 4), Rev 3:5 L T Tr WH.
d. thus forthwith, i. e. without hesitation (cf. English off-hand, without ceremony, and the colloquial right, just): Jn 4:6; cf. Passow, under the word, 4; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, IV.; see 1 above; add Jn 13:25 T WH Tr brackets (cf. Green, Critical Notes at the passage))
e. in questions (Latinsicine?) (English exclamatory so then, what): Mk 7:18 (German sonach) (others take οὕτως here as expressive of degree. In Mt 26:40, however, many give it the sense spoken of; cf. too 1 Cor 6:5); οὕτως ἀποκρίνῃ; i. e. so impudently, Jn 18:22; with an adjective, so (very), Gal 3:3. (But these examples, although classed together by Fritzsche also (Commentary on Mark, p. 150f), seem to be capable of discrimination. The passage from Galatians, for instance, does not seem to differ essentially from examples under 3 above.) f. In classical Greek οὕτως often, after a conditional, concessive, or temporal protasis, introduces the apodosis (cf. Passow, under the word, 1 h.; (Liddell and Scott, under the word I. 7)). 1 Thess 4:14 and Rev 11:5 have been referred to this head; Buttmann, 357 (307); (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 60, 5 (especially a.)). But questionably; for in the first passage οὕτως may also be taken as equivalent to under these circumstances, i. e. if we believe what I have said (better cf. Winer's Grammar, as above); in the second passage οὕτως denotes in the manner spoken of, i. e. by fire proceeding out of their mouth.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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