κάτω
kátō · G2736 · Greek · 11 occurrences
Meanings
-
below
A position immediately or directly below a point of orientation, which is often left implicit
ExamplesMark 14:66 And while Peter was below in the courtyard, one of the slave women of the high priest came,
Mark 15:38 And the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom.
John 8:23 And He was saying to them, “You are from below, I am from above; you are of this world, I am not of this world.
-
down, down to, below to
Extension toward a goal which is down or below
ExamplesMatthew 4:6 and he said to Him, “If You are the Son of God, throw Yourself down; for it is written: ‘HE WILL GIVE HIS ANGELS ORDERS CONCERNING YOU’; and ‘ON THEIR HANDS THEY WILL LIFT YOU UP, SO THAT YOU DO NOT STRIKE YOUR FOOT AGAINST A STONE.’”
Matthew 27:51 And behold, the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom; and the earth shook and the rocks were split.
Luke 4:9 And he brought Him into Jerusalem and had Him stand on the pinnacle of the temple, and said to Him, “If You are the Son of God, throw Yourself down from here;
How it’s used In 2 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- σύyou 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
3 occurrences in 2 groups
- ἕωςuntil, to, as far as 2
- ἐκfrom 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 3 words
- מַטָּה maṭṭâh · H4295 · beneath, down, lower (in status)
- Hebrew term emphasizing spatial position beneath or below a reference point, directly equivalent to the Greek directional adverb denoting downward motion or lower position.
- תַּחַת tachath · H8478 · under, underneath, below
- Hebrew תַּחַת denotes spatial positioning below or underneath, functioning as the semantic equivalent to Greek κάτω's directional sense of downward movement or lower position.
- תַּחְתּוֹן tachtôwn · H8481 · lower
- תַּחְתּוֹן (tachtôwn, H8481) describes position or location as 'lower/lowest' (adjectival/nominal), while κάτω (kátō, G2736) expresses directional motion or orientation 'downwards' (adverbial); both share the core spatial concept of 'down/below' but differ in syntactic category and aspectual focus (static position vs. dynamic direction).
Semantic domains 3 entries
- Less, under59.16
- In Matthew 2:16, of Herod's massacre of the innocents it is written, “he sent men and killed all the boys who were in Bethlehem and all its vicinity who were two years old or under,” using this word for a quantity that is less than or under a given measure.
- Below83.53
- In John 8:23, Jesus contrasts Himself with His hearers, “You are from below, I am from above; you are of this world, I am not of this world,” using this word for a position below or beneath something.
- Down, down to, below to84.26
- In Matthew 27:51, at the moment of Jesus's death it is written, “the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom; and the earth shook and the rocks were split,” using this word for a downward extent, here the tearing of the veil all the way down.
Word family 2 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon (from κατά), adverb (fr. Homer down), comparitive κατωτέρω; (cf. Winer's Grammar, 472…
1. down, downward: Mt 4:6; Lk 4:9; Jn 8:6, Jn 8:8; Acts 20:9.
2. below, beneath (cf. Winers Grammar, as above);
a. of place: Mk 14:66; Acts 2:19; ἕως κάτω (A. V. to the bottom), Mt 27:51; Mk 15:38 (Ezek 1:27; Ezek 8:2); τά κάτω, the parts or regions that lie beneath (opposed to τά ἄνω, heaven), i. e. the earth, Jn 8:23.
b. of temporal succession: ἀπό διετοῦς καί κατωτέρω, from a child of two years and those that were of a lower age (cf. Winer's Grammar, 370 (347)), Mt 2:16; ἀπό εἰκοσαετοῦς καί κάτω, 1 Chr 27:23.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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