καθώς

(i. e. καθ' ὡς), a particle found occasionally in secular authors from Aristotle down for the Attic καθά and καθό, but emphatically censured by Phryn. and the Atticists; cf. Sturz, De dial. Maced. etc., p. 74ff; Lob. ad Phryn., p. 425f; (Winer's Grammar, 26 (25));
1. according as, just as, even as: in the first member of a comparison, Lk 6:31; 1 Jn 2:27; followed by οὕτως in the second member (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 53, 5), Lk 11:30; Lk 17:26; Jn 3:14; 2 Cor 1:5; 2 Cor 10:7; Col 3:13; 1 Jn 2:6; followed by καί also, Jn 15:9; Jn 17:18; Jn 20:21; 1 Jn 2:18; 1 Jn 4:17; 1 Cor 15:49; it is annexed to preceding words after the demonstrative οὕτως, Lk 24:24; with οὕτως unexpressed, Mt 21:6; Mt 28:6; Mk 16:7; Lk 1:2, Lk 1:55, Lk 1:70; Lk 11:1; Jn 1:23; Jn 5:23; Acts 10:47 (here L T Tr WH ὡς); ; Rom 1:13; Rom 15:7; 1 Cor 8:2; 1 Cor 10:6; 2 Cor 1:14; 2 Cor 9:3; 2 Cor 11:12; Eph 4:17, and often; καθώς διδάσκω, agreeably to my method of teaching, 1 Cor 4:17; καθώς γέγραπται, Mt 26:24; Mk 9:13; Acts 7:42; Acts 15:15; Rom 1:17, and often in Paul; the apodosis lacking, and to be gathered from the context: καθώς παρεκάλεσα σε... ἐν πίστει, namely, οὕτω καί νῦν παρακαλῶ, 1 Tim 1:3, cf. Winers Grammar, 570 (530); (Buttmann, 386 (331)); ἤρξατο αἰτεῖσθαι (namely, οὕτω ποιεῖν αὐτοῖς), καθώς κτλ.. Mk 15:8 (Buttmann, § 151, 23 b.; cf. Winer's Grammar, 584 (543f)); in comparison by contrary we find the negligent use: ἀγαπῶμεν ἀλληλου, οὐ καθώς Κάϊν κτλ., 1 Jn 3:11f, cf. DeWette at the passage and Winer's Grammar, 623 (579); οὗτος ἐστιν ὁ ἄρτος... οὐ καθώς etc., not such as they ate etc., Jn 6:58. with the verb εἰμί, equivalent to Latinqualis, such as, 1 Jn 3:2; in a parenthesis, 1 Thess 2:13 (as it is in truth).
2. according as i. e. in proportion as, in the degree that: Mk 4:33; Acts 7:17 (cf. Meyer at the passage); ; 1 Cor 12:11, 1 Cor 12:18; 1 Pet 4:10.
3. since, seeing that, agreeably to the fact that (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 53, 8; 448 (417)): Jn 17:2; Rom 1:28 (yet here others regard καθώς as corresponsive rather than causal or explanatory); 1 Cor 1:6; 1 Cor 5:7; Eph 1:4; Phm 1:7.
4. it is put for the simple ὡς, a. after verbs of speaking, in indirect discourse, Acts 15:14; it serves to add an epexegesis, 3 Jn 1:3 (to σου τῇ ἀλήθεια).
b. of time, when, after that (cf. Latinut): 2 Macc. 1:31; (Neh 5:6); here many bring in Acts 7:17; but see 2 above.
G2531a: καθώσπερ
(Tr καθώς περ), just as, exactly as: Heb 5:4 T Tr WH (also 2 Cor 3:18 WH marginal reading). (Himerius, Psellus, Tzetzes)