תָּקַף
tâqaph · H8630 · Hebrew · 3 occurrences
Meanings
-
to overpower, to overwhelm
Action by which humans and deities attack (other) humans with so much strength and/or intensity that that person will not be able to resist
ExamplesJob 14:20 “You forever overpower him and he departs; You change his appearance and send him away.
Job 15:24 “Distress and anguish terrify him, They overpower him like a king ready for the attack,
Ecclesiastes 4:12 And if one can overpower him who is alone, two can resist him. A cord of three strands is not quickly torn apart.
How it’s used In 3 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- אֶחָדone 1
- Not stated: you (one person) 1
- Not stated: he, she or it 1
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
3 occurrences in 1 groups
- וֹhim 3
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- כlike/as+ כִּידוֹרattack 1
- לto/for+ נֶצַחforever 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- גָּבַר gâbar · H1396 · to become powerful, to grow mighty, to prevail
- Hebrew verb expressing the notion of prevailing or being strong/mighty over something; closely overlaps with תקף in contexts of gaining mastery or overcoming.
- חָזַק châzaq · H2388 · to be strong, to prevail, to overcome
- Common Hebrew verb for being or becoming strong, with frequent usage denoting prevailing in contexts of power or control; semantically adjacent to תקף though more broadly attested.
Contrasting words 2 words
- חַלָּשׁ challâsh · H2523 · weak
- Standard lexical opposite of 'prevail/be strong,' denoting weakness or feebleness rather than strength or overpowering.
- רָפָה râphâh · H7503 · to grow weak, to be discouraged
- Hebrew verb expressing weakness, slackness, or loss of strength; direct semantic opposite of prevailing or being strong.
In the other Testament 1 word
- κατισχύω katischýō · G2729 · to be completely able, to be fully able, to be strong enough to
- Standard Greek translation equivalent for the Hebrew notion of prevailing against or overpowering in Daniel LXX contexts; both denote gaining strength/power over an adversary.
Semantic domains 4 entries
- Strong002001001063
- This verb denotes overpowering strength, as in Ecclesiastes 4:12's observation that if one can overpower a person who is alone, two together can resist him.
- Control002003002007
- The verb also denotes dominating another, as in Job 15:24's picture of distress overpowering the wicked like a king ready for attack.
- Happen002002003003
- The verb also denotes an inevitable event overtaking someone, as in Job 14:20's lament that a person is forever overpowered, his appearance changed, and he is sent away.
- Unwilling002001002031
- תָּקַף (tâqaph, H8630)'s own occurrences (3, with no distinguishing gloss recovered) give no independent basis for the "Unwilling" domain beyond what is recorded for its bundle partner. That classification is bundle-shared with תְּקֵף (tᵉqêph, H8631) in the source data and is not independently confirmed by this lexeme's own occurrences.
Word family 6 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H8630. taqeph [תָּקֵף] verb prevail over, overpower (late; Late Hebrew id.; Aramaism;…
[תָּקֵף] verb prevail over, overpower (late; Late Hebrew id.; Aramaism; Aramaic תְּקֵיף, be strong; Nabataean תקף authority; compare NöZMG xlvii (1893), 102; Sabean תקף overpower SabDenkmNo.9.l.13; Arabic attain to, overtake, overpower); —
Qal Imperfect:3masculine singular suffix יִתְקְפוֺ Ecc 4:12 (Ges§ 60d) if one overpower him, so 3 feminine singular suffix תִּתְקְפֵ֫הוּ Job 14:20; Job 14:3feminine singular suffix id. Job 15:24.
[תְּקֵף] verb grow strong (ᵑ7 Syriac; Biblical Hebrew, q. v., (late)) —
Pe`al Perfect3masculine singular תְּקִ֑ף, of tree, Dan 4:8; Dan 4:17; Dan 4:2masculine singular תְּקֵמְתְּ Dan 4:19; of king; 3feminine singular תְִּקַפַת Dan 5:20 figurative grow arrogant, of spirit of man.
Pa`el make strong, stringent: Infinitive לְתַקָּפָה Dan 6:8 accusative of interdict.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 4 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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