שָׂרַר
sârar · H8323 · Hebrew · 7 occurrences
Meanings
-
to rule
State in which humans are in a position of authority over a group of people
ExamplesJudges 9:22 Now Abimelech ruled over Israel for three years.
Esther 1:22 So he sent letters to all the king’s provinces, to each province according to its script and to every people according to their language, that every man was to be the ruler in his own house and the one who speaks in the language of his own people.
Proverbs 8:16 “By me princes rule, and nobles, All who judge rightly.
-
to make oneself a ruler
Action by which humans place themselves in a position of authority over a group of people
ExamplesNumbers 16:13 “Is it not enough that you have brought us up out of a land flowing with milk and honey to have us die in the wilderness, but you would also appoint yourself as master over us?
How it’s used In 3 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
6 occurrences in 5 groups
- Not stated: they 2
- אֲבִימֶלֶךְAbimelech 1
- שַׂרcommander, chief, official 1
- Not stated: you (one person) 1
- Not stated (participle) 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
5 occurrences in 5 groups
- עַלon, upon, over, against+ יִשְׂרָאֵלIsrael 1
- עַלon, upon, over, against+ נוּus 1
- בin/on/with+ בַּיִתhouse, household 1
- בin/on/with+ נִיme 1
- לto/for+ מִשְׁפָּטjustice, judgment, ordinance 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- הָיָהto be, to become 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- מָשַׁל mâshal · H4910 · to be like, to become like, to compare
- The Hebrew verb מָשַׁל is a standard synonym for exercising rule and dominion, closely parallel to שָׂרַר's sense of bearing rule, though מָשַׁל is far more common and broadly used for general ruling, while שָׂרַר appears more specialized.
- מָלַךְ mâlak · H4427 · to reign, to be king, to be queen
- The Hebrew verb מָלַךְ expresses the action of reigning or exercising royal authority, conceptually overlapping with שָׂרַר's sense of making oneself a prince or bearing rule, though מָלַךְ is typically more specifically royal in focus.
Contrasting words 1 word
- עָבַד ʻâbad · H5647 · to serve (someone), to make (someone) serve (someone else)
- The Hebrew verb עָבַד expressing servitude and subjection stands in direct lexical opposition to שָׂרַר's sense of ruling and exercising authority. To serve is the opposite action of to rule.
In the other Testament 2 words
- ἄρχω árchō · G757 · to be first
- The Greek verb ἄρχω carries the core sense of ruling or exercising authority, directly corresponding to the Hebrew שָׂרַר's meaning of bearing rule or making oneself a prince. Both express the action of exercising governance or dominion.
- ἡγέομαι hēgéomai · G2233 · to hold a view, to have an opinion, to consider
- The Greek verb ἡγέομαι in its 'to rule/lead' sense provides a natural translation equivalent for שָׂרַר's expression of exercising rule or leadership, particularly in contexts of governance and authority.
Semantic domains 1 entry
- Control002003002007
- This verb denotes exercising rule, as in Judges 9:22's account of Abimelech ruling over Israel for three years, and Isaiah 32:1's picture of officials who will rule justly.
Word family 3 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
New American Standard Bible Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, Calif. All rights reserved. For Permission to Quote Information visit http://www.lockman.org.