שָׂרַט
sâraṭ · H8295 · Hebrew · 3 occurrences
Meanings
-
to make incisions
Action by which humans use a sharp object to make cuts in their body
ExamplesLeviticus 21:5 ‘They shall not shave any area on their heads bald, nor shave off the edges of their beards, nor make any cuts in their flesh.
-
to be cut
Process by which humans receive cuts in their body from sharp objects
ExamplesZechariah 12:3 “It will come about on that day that I will make Jerusalem a heavy stone for all the peoples; all who lift it will injure themselves severely. And all the nations of the earth will be gathered against it.
How it’s used In 4 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- עָמַסto load, to carry 1
- Not stated: they 1
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- שֶׂרֶטincisions 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- בin/on/with+ בָּשָׂרflesh 1
With adverbsAdverbs
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- לֹאnot 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- גָּדַד gâdad · H1413 · to cut oneself, to gash oneself, to lacerate oneself
- Hebrew verb for ritual self-cutting in mourning or pagan worship contexts (Deut 14:1, 1 Kings 18:28, Jer 16:6, 41:5, 47:5), semantically very close to שָׂרַט in both sense and ritual usage, though גָּדַד also covers assembling/gathering in troops as a distinct meaning
- כָּרַת kârath · H3772 · to cut, to cut off, to cut down
- General Hebrew verb for cutting with much broader application (covenant-making, destruction, etc.), but includes the basic action of cutting that שָׂרַט specifies more narrowly for bodily incisions
In the other Testament 2 words
- κατακόπτω katakóptō · G2629 · to cut
- Greek equivalent for cutting/gashing; used in Mark 5:5 of self-mutilation with stones, parallel to the self-cutting contexts where Hebrew שָׂרַט appears (Lev 21:5, Jer 48:37 of ritual cuttings/gashing)
- κόπτω kóptō · G2875 · to cut, to mourn, to lament
- Greek verb for cutting/striking that can include ritual mourning practices involving bodily cutting, contextually overlapping with שָׂרַט's mourning-cutting contexts
Semantic domains 1 entry
- Impact002001001024
- This verb denotes making cuts in the body, as in Leviticus 21:5's prohibition against priests making cuts in their flesh.
Word family 2 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H8295. sarat [שָׂרַט] verb incise, scratch (Late Hebrew id., so Aramaic סְרַט Pa (ᵑ7 1Sa…
[שָׂרַט] verb incise, scratch (Late Hebrew id., so Aramaic סְרַט Pa (ᵑ7 1Sa 21:14), , scratch, hence write (= χαράσσω); Assyrian šarâ‰u, slit up, rend; Arabic slit ear of camel, , sign, mark (RSK 214 f.); —
Qal Imperfect3masculine plural with accusative of congnate meaning with verb שָׂרָ֑טֶת יִשְׂרְטוּ לֹא וּבִבְשָׂרָם Lev 21:5 shall make no incision; Infinitive absolute with
Niph`al Imperfect3masculine plural יִשָּׂרֵ֑טוּ שָׂרוֺט Zec 12:3 those loaded with the stone shall be severely scratched, lacerated.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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