שָׁכַח
shâkach · H7911 · Hebrew · 102 occurrences
Meanings
-
to forget
Process by which animals, humans, or deities lose recollection of other humans or deities, or something that happened in the past
ExamplesGenesis 27:45 until your brother’s anger against you subsides and he forgets what you did to him. Then I will send word and get you from there. Why should I lose you both in one day?”
Genesis 40:23 Yet the chief cupbearer did not remember Joseph, but forgot him.
Genesis 41:30 and after them seven years of famine will come, and all the abundance will be forgotten in the land of Egypt, and the famine will ravage the land.
-
to cause to forget
Causative process by which humans cause (other) humans to lose recollection of deities, or something that happened in the past
ExamplesJeremiah 23:27 who intend to make My people forget My name by their dreams which they report to one another, just as their fathers forgot My name because of Baal?
Lamentations 2:6 And He has treated His tabernacle violently, like a despised garden; He has destroyed His appointed meeting place. The LORD has caused The appointed feast and Sabbath in Zion to be forgotten, And He has despised king and priest In the indignation of His anger.
-
to wilt, to wither, to go limp
State in which part of the human body is unable to function as can be expected
ExamplesPsalm 137:5 If I forget you, Jerusalem, May my right hand forget its skill.
How it’s used In 9 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
98 occurrences in 32 groups
- Not stated: you (one person) 28
- Not stated: I 14
- Not stated: he, she or it 12
- Not stated: they 10
- עַםpeople 3
- Not stated: you (more than one) 3
- Other words · 26 groups that occur once or twice (28) 28
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
77 occurrences in 47 groups
- נִיme 11
- יְהֹוָהthe LORD, YHWH 8
- רַעevil, bad 5
- תּוֹרָהlaw, instruction 5
- בְּרִיתcovenant, treaty 4
- דָּבָרword, thing, matter 3
- Other words · 40 groups that occur once or twice (47) 47
Second objectAs in “call him Lord”
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- שֵׁםname 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
21 occurrences in 20 groups
- לto/for+ נֶצַחforever 4
- Other words · 19 groups that occur once or twice (20) 20
With adverbsAdverbs
29 occurrences in 2 groups
- לֹאnot 22
- אַלnot, do not 7
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- אֵלGod, god 1
- אֱלוֹהַּGod, god 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- אָמַרto say 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- כlike/as 1
- לto/for 1
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- אֹרַחpath, way 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- ἐπιλανθάνομαι epilanthánomai · G1950 · to forget, to not recall, to forget to do
- Greek ἐπιλανθάνομαι emphasizes the completeness or thoroughness of forgetting (ἐπι- intensifying prefix), whereas Hebrew שָׁכַח is the unmarked general term for forgetting or causing to forget.
Semantic domains 4 entries
- Non-Know002004002008
- The verb for forgetting, directly attested in the chief cupbearer who "did not remember Joseph, but forgot him" (Genesis 40:23) and Israel's repeated command not to "forget the covenant of the LORD" (Deuteronomy 4:23) or the things their eyes had seen (Deuteronomy 4:9).
- Find002002001006
- This domain reflects an extension of the gloss's idiomatic emphatic construction ("forget at all"), not directly shown by this entry's own five sampled citations, which describe ordinary forgetting rather than finding or losing something.
- Know002004002007
- This domain reflects the implied contrast to forgetting — the knowing or remembering that forgetting fails to sustain — not itself directly shown by this entry's own sampled citations, which describe the failure to remember rather than remembering itself.
- Weak002001001069
- This domain reflects a further extension of the gloss's broad range (memory failing as a kind of weakness), not directly shown by this entry's own five sampled citations.
Word family 3 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H7911. shakach שָׁכַח102 verb forget (Late Hebrew id.; Ecclus 45:26c and (Pi`el)…
שָׁכַח102 verb forget (Late Hebrew id.; Ecclus 45:26c and (Pi`el) Ecclesiasticus 11:25 (twice in verse); Aramaic שְׁכַךְ is find); —
Qal86 Perfect3masculine singular ׳שׁ Psa 9:13 +, suffix שְׁכֵחָ֑נִי Isa 49:14; Isa 49:2feminine singular שָׁכַחְתְּ Jer 13:25; Jer 13:1plural suffix שְׁכַחֲנוּךָ Psa 44:18, etc.; Imperfect יִשְׁכַּח Deu 4:31 +, etc.; Imperative feminine singular שִׁכְּחִי Psa 45:11; Infinitive absolute שָׁכֹךְַ; Participle plural construct שֹׁכְחֵי Job 8:13; Psa 50:22; — forget: 1 subject man,
a. accusative of thing Gen 27:45 (E), Deu 4:9; Deu 9:7 (opposed to זָכַר) +, = forget and leave, ב of location, Deu 24:19; with object clause with כִּי Job 39:15; with מִן infinitive Psa 102:5.
b. with accusative of person, involving forgetting to mention, Gen 40:23 (E; opposed to זכר), ceasing to care for Jer 30:14 (figurative), Isa 49:15 (twice in verse) (accusative omitted), Isa 49:15; Job 19:14; Psa 45:11; with accusative Jerusalem Psa 137:5a; רֶחֶם יִשְׁכָּחֵהוּ Job 24:20; absolute Psa 137:5b יְמִינִי ׃תִּשְׁכַּח AE Ki supply הַמַּעֲשֶׂה or הַנִּגּוּן (whence AV her cunning), but forced: תִּשָּׁכַח ᵐ5; read probably (Gr Bu and others) תִּכְחַשׁ let it grow lean (Psa 109:24, compare Zec 11:17), or (Che) תְּכַחַשׁ let it disappoint (me), fail (Hab 3:17).
c. especially with accusative ׳י (God), Hos 2:15; Hos 8:14; Hos 13:6; Jdg 3:7; 1Sa 12:9; Isa 17:10; Deu 8:19 (תִּשׁ ׳שָׁכֹחַ) + 16 t. (5 t. Deuteronomy, 4 t. Jeremiah), + Psa 59:12 (accusative omitted); also accusative of divine name Jer 23:27 (בַּבַּעַל), Psa 44:21; commands of ׳י Hos 4:6; Deu 26:13 (accusative omitted) Psa 119:16 Psa 119:7t. Psalm 119, his doings and ways, Psa 119:139; Psa 78:7; Psa 78:11; Psa 103:2; Psa 106:13, his covenant Deu 4:23, Deu 4:31; 2Ki 17:38; Pro 2:17; law of wisdom Pro 3:1, that is accusative בִּינָה Pro 4:6.
2 subject ׳י (God):
a. accusative of person Hos 4:6; 1Sa 1:11 (opposed to זָכַר), Lam 5:20; Isa 49:14 (|| עָזַב), Psa 10:12; Psa 13:2; Psa 42:10.
b. accusative of sins Amo 8:7; Psa 10:11 (accusative omitted), cry Psa 9:13 (opposed to זָכַר), compare, of distress, Psa 44:25.
c. voice of foes Psa 74:23.
d. followed by infinitive Psa 77:10.
Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular נִשְׁכַּח Ecc 9:5, etc.; Imperfect יִשָּׁכַח Psa 9:19, Psa 9:3feminine singular תִּשָּׁכֵחַ Jer 20:11, etc.; Participle feminine singular נִשְׁכָּחָה Isa 23:16, נִשְׁכַּחַת Isa 23:15, plural חִים נִשְׁכָּ Job 28:4; — be forgotten: subject of thing Gen 41:30 (E), Deu 31:21; Jer 20:11; Jer 23:40; Jer 50:5; Isa 65:11; subject person Psa 9:19; Psa 31:13; Ecc 2:16, Tyre Isa 23:15-16, (under figure of harlot), subject זִכְרָם Ecc 9:5; ׳הַנִּשׁ רָ֑גֶל מִנִּי Job 28:4.
Pi`el Perfect3masculine singular י ׳שִׁכַּח ׳וגו Lam 2:6 ׳י hath caused to forget (be forgotten) in Zion assembly and sabbath.
Hiph`il Infinitive לְהַשְׁכִּיחַ Jer 23:27 to make my people forget my name (2 accusative).
Hithpa`el Ipmf.3masculine plural יִשְׁתַּכְּחוּ Ecc 8:10 they were forgotten in the city.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 4 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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