רוּק
rûwq · H7324 · Hebrew · 19 occurrences
Meanings
-
to empty, to pour out
Causative action by which humans empty out a container holding liquids, dry substances, or other objects
ExamplesGenesis 42:35 Now it came about, as they were emptying their sacks, that behold, every man’s bag of money was in his sack; and when they and their father saw their bags of money, they were afraid.
Song of Solomon 1:3 “Your oils have a pleasing fragrance, Your name is like purified oil; Therefore the young women love you.
Jeremiah 48:11 “Moab has been at ease since his youth; He has also been peaceful, like wine on its dregs, And he has not been poured from vessel to vessel, Nor has he gone into exile. Therefore he retains his flavor, And his aroma has not changed.
-
to draw, to unsheath
Causative action by which humans draw their sword from its sheath
ExamplesExodus 15:9 “The enemy said, ‘I will pursue, I will overtake, I will divide the spoils; I shall be satisfied against them; I will draw my sword, my hand will destroy them.’
Leviticus 26:33 ‘You, however, I will scatter among the nations, and I will draw out a sword after you, as your land becomes desolate and your cities become ruins.
Psalm 35:3 Draw also the spear and the battle-axe to meet those who pursue me; Say to my soul, “I am your salvation.”
-
to muster
Literally: to pour out; hence: action by which humans select people from a group for a certain purpose
ExamplesGenesis 14:14 When Abram heard that his relative had been taken captive, he led out his trained men, born in his house, numbering 318, and went in pursuit as far as Dan.
-
to pour out, to discharge, to feed
Literally: to empty itself out; hence: process by which liquids flow from a storage area
ExamplesEcclesiastes 11:3 If the clouds are full, they pour out rain on the earth; and whether a tree falls toward the south or toward the north, wherever the tree falls, there it lies.
Zechariah 4:12 And I responded the second time and said to him, “What are the two olive branches which are beside the two golden pipes, which empty the golden oil from themselves?”
-
to leave hungry
Literally: to leave (someone's) throat empty; hence: causative action by which humans fail to provide food for the hungry
ExamplesIsaiah 32:6 For a fool speaks nonsense, And his heart inclines toward wickedness: To practice ungodliness and to speak error against the LORD, To keep the hungry person unsatisfied And to withhold drink from the thirsty.
How it’s used In 5 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
19 occurrences in 7 groups
- Not stated: I 7
- Not stated: they 4
- Not stated: he, she or it 4
- הֵםthey, them 1
- Not stated: you (one person) 1
- Not stated (infinitive) 1
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
16 occurrences in 11 groups
- חֶרֶבsword 7
- Other words · 10 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
10 occurrences in 9 groups
- אַחַרafter, behind+ הֶםthem 3
- Other words · 8 groups that occur once or twice (8) 8
With adverbsAdverbs
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- לֹאnot 1
Named alongside itApposition
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- צַנְתָּרָהpipes 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 3 words
- שָׁפַךְ shâphak · H8210 · to be poured out, to be spilled, to gush out
- Both lexemes are genuine pouring/emptying verbs with clear semantic overlap: רוּק (rûwq, H7324) emphasizes drawing-out/emptying actions, שָׁפַךְ (shâphak, H8210) focuses on pouring/shedding/gushing. These are true near-synonyms that could substitute in contexts of liquid or contents being discharged.
- נָסַךְ nâçak · H5258 · to pour out
- Both words are verbs describing pouring/emptying liquids, a genuine overlapping sense (נָסַךְ (nâçak, H5258): pour out libations/offerings; רוּק (rûwq, H7324): empty, pour out).
- זָרָה zârâh · H2219 · to scatter, to spread, to disperse
- Both words denote actions of removal and dispersal, with overlapping uses in contexts of emptying or spreading contents. זָרָה (zârâh, H2219) means to scatter, winnow or cast away, and רוּק (rûwq, H7324) means to empty, pour out or cast out.
Contrasting words 1 word
- מָלֵא mâlêʼ · H4390 · to be full, to be filled, to fill (with oneself)
- The direct lexical opposite of מָלֵא, denoting emptying or pouring out rather than filling.
Semantic domains 4 entries
- Non-Contain002002001004
- The word's "empty out" sense is directly illustrated by Joseph's brothers "emptying their sacks" and finding their money inside (Genesis 42:35).
- Dissociate002003002009
- The word's "draw out (a sword)" sense is directly illustrated by the enemy's boast, "I will draw my sword" (Exodus 15:9), and the LORD's warning, "I will draw out a sword after you" (Leviticus 26:33).
- Flow002002001008
- This domain is not independently illustrated by the sampled citations, which concern emptying containers or drawing weapons rather than liquid flow.
- Hunger002004001001002
- This domain is not independently illustrated by the sampled citations.
Word family 4 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H7324. ruq [רִיק] verb Hiph`il make empty, empty out (Arabic () pour out, forth,…
[רִיק] verb Hiph`il make empty, empty out (Arabic () pour out, forth, intransitive (of water, blood, etc.); Aramaic רִיק empty, pour, in derivatives; Assyrian rê‡u, empty); — Perfect1singular הֲרִי֫קֹתִיLev 26:33; Mal 3:10; Mal 3:3plural חֵרִיקוּ Eze 28:7; Eze 30:11; Imperfect3masculine singular יָרִיק Hab 1:17, וַיָּ֫רֶק Gen 14:14 (but see below); Imperative masculine singular הָרֵק Psa 35:8; Infinitive construct הָרִיק Isa 32:6; Participle plural מְרִיקִים Gen 42:35; Zec 4:12; —
1 empty vessels Gen 42:35 (E) Jer 48:12; keep empty, רָעֵב נֶפֶשׁ לְחֶרִיק Isa 32:6 (i.e. keep hungry).
2 pour out or down, rain Mal 3:10; Ecc 11:3, oil Zec 4:12.
3 empty out (i.e. draw) sword (compare Assyrian kakkê ittabbaku [passive], DlHWB 699 b) Exo 15:9 (poem), Lev 26:33 (H), Eze 5:2, Eze 5:12; Eze 12:14; Eze 28:7; Eze 30:11; probably also Hab 1:17 (חרבו for חרמוֺ Gie We Now); of lance Psa 35:3; compare (several.) חניכיו וירק Gen 14:14 (R) led forth, < Samaritan וַיָּ֫דֶק (Aramaic דּוּק Aph`el look) i.e. mustered ᵐ5 compare Di and others, ויפקּד Ball. — In Psa 18:43 ᵑ6 ᵐ5 Hup-Now Bae read אֲדִקֵּם; so || 2Sa 22:43 MT; but De Dr < אֲרִיקֵם (see דקק).
Hoph`al be emptied out from vessel : Perfect3masculine singular הוּרק Jer 48:11; Imperfect2masculine singular תּוּרַק Son 1:3 (al. 3 feminine singular; of ointment, in simile); compare also Amo 6:6, where Oort מוּרְקֵּי for מִזְרְקֵי.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 4 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
New American Standard Bible Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, Calif. All rights reserved. For Permission to Quote Information visit http://www.lockman.org.