קְטֹרֶת
qᵉṭôreth · H7004 · Hebrew · 60 occurrences
Meanings
-
Smoke produced by burning sacrifice or incense, in order to please God with its smell (smoke (from burning animal sacrifices))
ExamplesPsalm 66:15 I shall offer to You burnt offerings of fat animals, With the smoke of rams; I shall make an offering of bulls with male goats. Selah
-
perfume, incense
Substance made from tree gum or bark, often mixed with other spices to make a sweet smell; it is burned in a censer or on an open fire to provide a sweet aroma pleasing to God
ExamplesExodus 25:6 oil for lighting, balsam oil for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense,
Exodus 30:1 “Now you shall make an altar as a place for burning incense; you shall make it of acacia wood.
Exodus 30:7 “Aaron shall burn fragrant incense on it; he shall burn it every morning when he trims the lamps.
How it’s used In 9 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
19 occurrences in 5 groups
- סַםfragrant spices 14
- יmy 2
- אַיִלram 1
- רֹקַחmix 1
- תָּמִידalways 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
5 occurrences in 5 groups
- דַּקthin 1
- זוּרstranger, strange 1
- טָהוֹרclean, pure 1
- מָלַחto salt 1
- עָשָׂהto do, to make 1
Named alongside itApposition
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- מְלֹאgroup 1
- מַעֲשֶׂהwork, deed 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- שָׂמַחto rejoice, to be glad 1
What is done to itIt is the object
19 occurrences in 5 groups
- קָטַרto burn incense, to burn (offerings) 7
- שׂוּםto put, to set, to place 5
- נָתַןto give, to put, to set 4
- עָשָׂהto do, to make 2
- עָלָהto go up 1
Second object ofSecond object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- עָשָׂהto do, to make 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- פְּקֻדָּהmuster 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
5 occurrences in 2 groups
- לto/for 4
- עִםwith 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
13 occurrences in 4 groups
- מִזְבֵּחַaltar 9
- עָנָןcloud 2
- מִקְטָרsetting alight 1
- קָרַבto come near, to offer 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 3 words
- לְבוֹנָה lᵉbôwnâh · H3828 · frankincense
- Both words denote aromatic substances burned in ritual and worship contexts, overlapping in the sense of incense. לְבוֹנָה (lᵉbôwnâh, H3828) is the more specific term (frankincense, a particular resin), while קְטֹרֶת (qᵉṭôreth, H7004) is broader (any sweet incense or perfume).
- בֶּשֶׂם besem · H1314 · balsam tree, spices, perfume
- Both words denote aromatic or fragrant substances among the spices, overlapping in the sense of aromatic material used for a pleasant smell. בֶּשֶׂם (besem, H1314) emphasizes the spice or sweet odor itself, while קְטֹרֶת (qᵉṭôreth, H7004) emphasizes incense or perfume; they are close in meaning and can substitute in many contexts of aromatic substances.
- סַם çam · H5561 · fragrant spices
- סַם (çam, H5561) denotes aromatic spice (broad, can include ingredients or mixtures); קְטֹרֶת (qᵉṭôreth, H7004) specifies incense or perfume (specialized for burning or anointing in cultic contexts).
In the other Testament 1 word
- θυμίαμα thymíama · G2368 · incense, to offer incense, to burn incense
- Greek θυμίαμα directly translates Hebrew קְטֹרֶת as the standard term for incense burned in religious worship, with both denoting the fragrant substance itself and its ceremonial burning.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- Smoke001002005012
- The word means incense, directly illustrated by the altar built specifically for burning incense (Exodus 30:1) and Aaron's daily burning of fragrant incense on it (Exodus 30:7-8).
- Spices001002005014
- The same citations describe the balsam and fragrant ingredients that made up this incense, and the prohibition against offering any "strange incense" in its place (Exodus 25:6, 30:9).
Word family 7 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H7004. qetoreth קְטֹ֫רֶת60 noun feminine smoke, odour of (burning) sacrifice, incense; —…
קְטֹ֫רֶת60 noun feminine smoke, odour of (burning) sacrifice, incense; — ׳ק absolute Exo 30:1 +; construct Exo 25:6 +; suffix קְטָרְתִּי Eze 16:18; Eze 23:41; —
1 sweet smoke of sacrifice, || מנחה Isa 1:13; Psa 141:2, ׳קְ אֵילִים Psa 66:15, ק ׳לְהַקְטִיר 1Sa 2:28 (?).
2 incense, ׳ק (ה)סמים Exo 25:6; Exo 30:7; Exo 31:11; Exo 40:27 Exo 40:9t.; ׳ק תמיד Exo 30:8, ׳ק רֹקַח Exo 30:35, ׳הק alone Exo 30:37; Lev 16:13; Num 16:35; Num 17:12; so ׳ק Num 16:7, Num 16:17, Num 16:18; Num 17:5; Num 17:11; 2Ch 29:7, ׳ק זָרָה Exo 30:9, הק ׳ענן Lev 16:13; Eze 8:11, also of זרה אשׁ Lev 10:1 (illegal worship); in offering of the princes Num 7:14 + 11t. 7, compare Num 7:86. Altar of incense is ק מקטר ׳מזבח Exo 30:1, ׳מ ׳הק זהב 1Ch 28:18, ׳מ לק ׳הזהב Exo 40:5, ׳מ ׳ק הסמים Lev 4:7, ׳מ ׳הק Exo 30:27 Exo 30:6t.
3 perfume, || שֶׁמֶן Eze 16:18; Eze 23:41; Pro 27:9.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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