פָּחַד
pâchad · H6342 · Hebrew · 25 occurrences
Meanings
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to tremble
Process by which humans tremble or shake, as a result of strong emotions of joy, awe, or fear
ExamplesIsaiah 19:16 On that day the Egyptians will become like women, and they will tremble and be in great fear because of the waving of the hand of the LORD of armies, which He is going to wave over them.
Isaiah 19:17 The land of Judah will become a cause of shame to Egypt; everyone to whom it is mentioned will be in great fear because of the plan of the LORD of armies which He is making against them.
Isaiah 33:14 Sinners in Zion are terrified; Trembling has seized the godless. “Who among us can live with the consuming fire? Who among us can live with everlasting burning?”
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to cause to tremble
Causative process by which an emotion of strong fear and a concern for one's safety causes one's body to tremble or shake
ExamplesJob 4:14 Dread came upon me, and trembling, And made all my bones shake.
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to be terrified, to be in awe of, to dread
Literally: to tremble; hence: state in which humans experience a strong fear and a concern for their safety, usually accompanied by trembling
ExamplesDeuteronomy 28:66 “So your lives will be hanging in doubt before you; and you will be terrified night and day, and have no assurance of your life.
Deuteronomy 28:67 “In the morning you will say, ‘If only it were evening!’ And at evening you will say, ‘If only it were morning!’ because of the terror of your heart which you fear, and the sight of your eyes which you will see.
Proverbs 3:24 When you lie down, you will not be afraid; When you lie down, your sleep will be sweet.
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Literally: to tremble; hence: action by which humans experience a strong fear and a concern for their safety, usually accompanied by trembling, and turn to someone else for help and support (to turn in terror to (someone else))
ExamplesJeremiah 36:16 When they had heard all the words, they turned in fear one to another. And they said to Baruch, “We will certainly report all these words to the king.”
Hosea 3:5 Afterward the sons of Israel will return and seek the LORD their God and David their king; and they will come trembling to the LORD and to His goodness in the last days.
Micah 7:17 They will lick up dust like a snake, Like reptiles of the earth. They will come trembling out of their fortresses; To the LORD our God they will come in trepidation, And they will be afraid of You.
How it’s used In 4 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
25 occurrences in 10 groups
- Not stated: they 9
- Not stated: I 4
- Not stated: you (one person) 4
- Other words · 7 groups that occur once or twice (8) 8
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- פַּחַדfear, dread, terror 1
- רֹבmultitude, abundance, numerous 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
9 occurrences in 8 groups
- מִןfrom+ פָּנִיםface, presence, before 3
- אֵלto, toward+ יְהֹוָהthe LORD, YHWH 1
- מִןfrom+ דָּבָרword, thing, matter 1
- מִןfrom+ מִיwho? 1
- מִןfrom+ וֹhim 1
- בin/on/with+ אַחֲרִיתend, future, latter part 1
With adverbsAdverbs
10 occurrences in 5 groups
- לֹאnot 4
- שָׁםthere 2
- תָּמִידalways 2
- יוֹמָםby day 1
- אַלnot, do not 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- φοβέω phobéō · G5399 · to fear, to be afraid, to show great reverence for
- Greek φοβέω shares the core fear/reverence semantic range with Hebrew פָּחַד, functioning as its standard LXX translation equivalent across contexts of alarm, dread, and religious awe.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- Unsteady002001001067
- פָּחַד's dread is bound up with trembling and shaking, as when dread comes upon Job and trembling makes all his bones shake in Job 4:14.
- Afraid002001002001
- The word means to be afraid or in dread, as in the terror and lack of assurance threatened in Deuteronomy 28:66 and 28:67, and Job's repeated fear and dread in Job 3:25 and 23:15.
Word family 4 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H6342. pachad מָּחַד verb dread, be in dread, in awe (Late Hebrew Hithpa`el (rare),…
מָּחַד verb dread, be in dread, in awe (Late Hebrew Hithpa`el (rare), Ecclus 41:12 Imperative על פחד fear for; מַּחְדָּא ᵑ7 n.); —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular מָּחַד Psa 119:161, ׳וּפ consecutive Isa 19:16; Isa 60:5; Isa 60:1singular מָּחַדְתִּי Job 3:25, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יִפְחָ֑ד Isa 19:17; Isa 19:2masculine singular תִּפְחָ֑ד Deu 28:67 +, etc.; —
1 be in dread, absolute Deu 28:66; Isa 12:2; Isa 33:14; Isa 44:8, Isa 44:11; Psa 78:53; Pro 3:24; פ ׳לֹא Jer 36:24 sign of callousness; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַּחַד Deu 28:67; Job 3:25; Psa 14:5 = Psa 53:6; with מִן person Isa 19:17; Job 23:15; Psa 27:1 (|| יָרֵא), compare Psa 119:161, and (with מִמְּנֵי) Isa 19:16; with עַל of thing Jer 33:9 (+ רָֽגְזוּ); with אֶל, pregnantly, turn in dread to each other Jer 36:16, submitting to ׳י Hos 3:5; Mic 7:17 (|| יָרֵא).
2 be in awe (at ׳יs favour), absolute, Isa 60:5.
Pi`el be in great dread, Imperfect2masculine singular וַתְּפַחֵד Isa 51:13, with מִמְּנֵי thing; Participle absolute מְפַחֵד Pro 28:14 deeply dreading (that is, sin).
Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular הִפְחַיד Job 4:14 filled my bones with dread.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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