עֲרָבָה
ʻărâbâh · H6160 · Hebrew · 61 occurrences
This name belongs to 4 places
Meanings
-
plain, steppe, desert, wilderness
A low, flat uninhabited area, with little water and little vegetation
ExamplesDeuteronomy 34:1 Now Moses went up from the plains of Moab to Mount Nebo, to the top of Pisgah, which is opposite Jericho. And the LORD showed him all the land, Gilead as far as Dan,
Deuteronomy 34:8 So the sons of Israel wept for Moses in the plains of Moab for thirty days; then the days of weeping and mourning for Moses came to an end.
Joshua 4:13 about forty thousand equipped for war, crossed for battle before the LORD to the desert plains of Jericho.
-
Arabah, Jordan Valley
The deep depression through which the River Jordan flows, which runs from the south of the Sea of Galilee via the Dead Sea into the Gulf of Aqabah
ExamplesDeuteronomy 1:1 These are the words that Moses spoke to all Israel across the Jordan in the wilderness, in the Arabah opposite Suph, between Paran and Tophel, Laban, Hazeroth, and Dizahab.
Deuteronomy 1:7 ‘Turn and set out on your journey, and go to the hill country of the Amorites, and to all their neighbors in the Arabah, in the hill country, in the lowland, in the Negev, by the seacoast, the land of the Canaanites, and Lebanon, as far as the great river, the river Euphrates.
Deuteronomy 2:8 “So we passed beyond our brothers the sons of Esau, who live in Seir, away from the Arabah road, away from Elath and Ezion-geber. And we turned and passed through by the way of the wilderness of Moab.
-
clouds
A mass of visible, condensed watery vapor floating in the air, producing rain
ExamplesPsalm 68:4 Sing to God, sing praises to His name; Exalt Him who rides through the deserts, Whose name is the LORD, and be jubilant before Him.
How it’s used In 8 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
20 occurrences in 4 groups
- מוֹאָבMoab 12
- יְרִיחוֹJericho 5
- מִדְבָּרwilderness, desert 2
- הּher 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- יַרְדֵּןJordan 1
Named alongside itApposition
4 occurrences in 4 groups
- נֶגֶבsouth, the Negeb 1
- עֵבֶרbeyond, side, across 1
- אֶרֶץland, earth, ground 1
- שַׁמָּהhorror, desolation 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- גִּילto rejoice 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- שׂוּםto put, to set, to place 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 2 groups
- דָּוִדDavid 1
- אִישׁman, person, each 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
36 occurrences in 7 groups
- בin/on/with 49
- כlike/as 4
- אֵלto, toward 3
- עַלon, upon, over, against 2
- מוּלin front of 1
- מִןfrom 1
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
14 occurrences in 6 groups
- דֶּרֶךְway, road 5
- יָםsea 5
- זְאֵבwolf 1
- נַחַלstream, valley, wadi 1
- פָּנִיםface, presence, before 1
- אֶרֶץland, earth, ground 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Semantic domains 4 entries
- Landscapes001002004
- עֲרָבָה denotes an arid plain or desert-steppe landscape, illustrated at Numbers 22:1 ("the plains of Moab") and Deuteronomy 1:1 ("in the Arabah"), the standard term for this landscape feature throughout the wilderness and conquest narratives.
- Names of Locations003001010
- עֲרָבָה is also used as a specific place name, the Arabah region, illustrated at Deuteronomy 1:1/1:7 and its many occurrences naming this particular rift-valley region south and east of the Dead Sea, distinct from the generic "plain" sense already illustrated above.
- Trees001002007002
- עֲרָבָה (ʻărâbâh, H6160) is a common noun meaning "desert plain, steppe," as in occurrences glossed "the plains"/"a desert plain." This sense does not independently attest the "Trees" domain; that classification is bundle-shared with עָרָב (ʻârâb, H6155) in the source data and is not confirmed by this lexeme's own occurrences.
- Clouds001002005004
- The domain reflects this word's broader range of senses including heaven or sky, a facet not directly illustrated among the sampled citations, which describe the plains of Moab.
Word family 17 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H6160. arabah I. עֲרָבָה61 noun feminine desert-plain, steppe; — absolute ׳ע 2Sa 4:7 +,…
I. עֲרָבָה61 noun feminine desert-plain, steppe; — absolute ׳ע 2Sa 4:7 +, suffix עַרְבָתָהּ Isa 51:3; plural עֲרָבוֺת Jer 5:6; Psa 68:5, construct עַרְבוֺת 2Ki 25:5 +, עַרְבֹת Jer 52:8; —
1 earliest use:
a. arid steppe west of Dead Sea (in southern Judah) 1Sa 23:24, also Eze 47:8; Isa 51:3, whence name הָע ׳יָם Jos 3:16 (JE) || הַמֶּלַח יָם), also 2Ki 14:25; Deu 4:49, and (|| id.) Deu 3:17; Jos 12:3 (D); הָעֲרָבָה נַחַל Amo 6:14 must be east of Dead Sea, si vera lectio, but read probably ׳נ מִצְרַיִם see נַחַל.
b. Jordan-valley west of river + adjacent plain; near ford (opposite Jericho) 2Sa 2:29, compare Jos 8:14 (JE); also Deu 11:30; 2Ki 25:4 = Jer 39:4 = Jer 52:7; — 2Sa 15:28; 2Sa 17:16 see עֲבָרָה
c. Jordan-valley east of river 2Sa 4:7.
2 in D:
a. especially of east Jordan plain Deu 1:1 (probably) Jos 12:1, Jos 12:3, east half of Jordan-valley Deu 3:17; Deu 4:49; of entire Jordan-valley (between כִּנֶּרֶת and Dead Sea, modern El-Ghôr, the Depression) Deu 1:7; Jos 11:2, Jos 11:16; west Jordan plain only Jos 12:8; depression south of Dead Sea (modern Wady el-`Arabah) Deu 2:8.
3 in P always plural construct מוֺאָב עַרְבוֺת (east Jordan) Num 22:1 Num 22:11t. (see מוֺאָב); ׳ע עְרֵחוֺ (West Jordan) Jos 4:13; Jos 5:10, also 2Ki 25:5 = Jer 39:5 = Jer 52:8.
4 apparently North Arabian desert Isa 40:3; Isa 41:19.
5 in General the steppe (often || מִדְבָּר), Jer 17:6; Jer 50:12; Isa 33:9; Isa 35:1, Isa 35:6; Job 24:5; Job 39:6; Psa 68:5; עֲרָבוֺת זְאֵב Jer 5:6 (figurative of invader); compare description of Exodus וְשׁוּחָה עֲרָבָה אֶרֶץ Jer 2:6; in simile, of a plain, of future land of Judah Zec 14:10. — See DrDeu 1:1 and references BuhlGeogr. 111.
עַרְבָתִי see הָעֲרָבָה בֵּית
V. ערב (√ of following; compare Assyrian erêbu, enter, go in; erêb šamši, sunset; Arabic set (distinct from depart, = Sabean עֿרב withdraw, according to DHMEpigr. Denkm. 27), place of sunset, west; Sabean מערבי מערבם, [not עֿ !] west, western, CISiv. p. 199 DHMl.c.; Ethiopic set (of heavenly bodies), so Syriac ; evening (LagBN 64 f.); Zinjirli מערב west; Late Hebrew עֶרֶב = Biblical Hebrew. Hence also Εὐπώπη, Europe, LewyFremdw. 139).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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