עָיֵף
ʻâyêph · H5888 · Hebrew · 5 occurrences
Meanings
-
to become weary, to become faint
Process by which humans lose their strength as a result of a prolonged period of exertion and the need for food, drink and rest
ExamplesJudges 4:21 But Jael, Heber’s wife, took a tent peg and a hammer in her hand, and went secretly to him and drove the peg into his temple, and it went through into the ground; for he was sound asleep and exhausted. So he died.
1 Samuel 14:28 Then one of the people responded and said, “Your father strictly put the people under oath, saying, ‘Cursed be the man who eats food today.’” And the people were weary.
1 Samuel 14:31 They attacked the Philistines that day from Michmash to Aijalon. But the people were very tired.
How it’s used In 3 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
5 occurrences in 4 groups
- עַםpeople 2
- דָּוִדDavid 1
- נֶפֶשׁsoul, life 1
- Not stated: he, she or it 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- לto/for+ הָרַגto kill 1
With adverbsAdverbs
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- מְאֹדvery 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- יָגַע yâgaʻ · H3021 · to grow weary, to wear oneself out, to labor
- Hebrew verb for becoming weary through labor or effort; closely overlaps with עָיֵף but יָגַע more commonly emphasizes the toiling activity that produces weariness, while עָיֵף focuses on the state of being wearied itself
- כָּשַׁל kâshal · H3782 · to stumble, to fall, to stagger
- Hebrew verb describing physical weakness or feebleness that causes stumbling; shares the semantic domain of physical weakness with עָיֵף though כָּשַׁל emphasizes the loss of stability and falling rather than weariness
Contrasting words 1 word
- חָזַק châzaq · H2388 · to be strong, to prevail, to overcome
- Hebrew verb for being or becoming strong; direct lexical opposite of עָיֵף (be wearied) in the strength/weakness semantic axis
In the other Testament 2 words
- κοπιάω kopiáō · G2872 · hard work, toil, to work hard
- Greek verb for becoming weary or exhausted, especially through labor or toil; standard translation equivalent for Hebrew עָיֵף in LXX contexts depicting weariness or fatigue
- κάμνω kámnō · G2577 · to be sick, to be very sick, to become discouraged
- Greek verb for being weary or exhausted, often with connotations of illness or extreme fatigue; overlaps semantically with עָיֵף in contexts of physical or mental exhaustion
Semantic domains 1 entry
- Weak002001001069
- עָיֵף describes becoming wearied, as in the recurring biblical picture of a traveler or fighter growing weary and needing rest or refreshment (compare Judges 8:4-5).
Word family 2 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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