עֲבַד
ʻăbad · H5648 · Aramaic · 28 occurrences
Meanings
-
to make, to create, to produce, to build
Causative action by which human or deities produce an object, either personally or by others on behalf of them
ExamplesJeremiah 10:11 This is what you shall say to them: “The gods that did not make the heavens and the earth will perish from the earth and from under these heavens.”
Daniel 3:1 Nebuchadnezzar the king made a statue of gold, the height of which was sixty cubits, and its width six cubits; he set it up on the plain of Dura in the province of Babylon.
Daniel 3:15 “Now if you are ready, at the moment you hear the sound of the horn, flute, lyre, trigon, psaltery and bagpipe, and all kinds of musical instruments, to fall down and worship the statue that I have made, very well. But if you do not worship, you will immediately be thrown into the midst of a furnace of blazing fire; and what god is there who can rescue you from my hands?”
-
to do, to perform, to commit, to practice, to observe, to celebrate, to keep
Action by which humans or deities engage in a particular action
ExamplesEzra 4:15 so that a search may be conducted in the record books of your fathers. And you will discover in the record books and learn that that city is a rebellious city and detrimental to kings and provinces, and that they have revolted within it in past days; for this reason that city was laid waste.
Ezra 4:19 “And a decree has been issued by me, and a search has been conducted and it has been discovered that that city has risen up against the kings in past days, and that rebellion and revolt have been perpetrated in it,
Ezra 4:22 “And beware of being negligent in carrying out this matter; why should there be great damage, to the detriment of the kings?”
-
to make into
Causative action by which humans turn an object into something else
ExamplesEzra 6:11 “And I issued a decree that any person who violates this decree, a timber shall be pulled out of his house and he shall be impaled on it; and his house shall be turned into a refuse heap on account of this.
Daniel 2:5 The king replied to the Chaldeans, “The command from me is firm: if you do not make known to me the dream and its interpretation, you will be torn limb from limb and your houses will be turned into a rubbish heap.
Daniel 3:29 “Therefore I make a decree that any people, nation, or population of any language that speaks anything offensive against the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego shall be torn limb from limb and their houses made a rubbish heap, because there is no other god who is able to save in this way.”
How it’s used In 8 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
25 occurrences in 19 groups
- Not stated: you (more than one) 3
- Not stated (participle) 3
- Other words · 17 groups that occur once or twice (20) 20
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
14 occurrences in 14 groups
- Other words · 14 groups that occur once or twice (16) 16
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
14 occurrences in 17 groups
- Other words · 17 groups that occur once or twice (18) 18
With adverbsAdverbs
7 occurrences in 4 groups
- אׇסְפַּרְנָאfast 4
- לָאnot 2
- אַדְרַזְדָּאdiligently 1
- כְּנֵמָאso 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- שְׁזַבdeliver 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- יְדַעcertify 1
What is done to itIt is the object
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- אֲמַרto say 1
- שְׁכַחfind 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 1 groups
- לto/for 2
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- ποιέω poiéō · G4160 · to do, to perform, to practice
- The Greek ποιέω (poiéō, G4160) serves as the standard LXX rendering for Aramaic עֲבַד (ʻăbad, H5648), both conveying the broad semantic range of 'do/make/work' with substantial functional overlap in translation contexts.
Semantic domains 8 entries
- Serve002003002023
- This Serve code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to serve, worship (a deity)” sense; this word's own occurrences describe royal decrees being carried out and things being made, never a deity being served or worshiped.
- Care002003002004
- This Care code is likewise inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to work; to till; to plow (soil, flax); to dress (a vineyard)” sense; this word's own occurrences describe official decrees and construction being carried out, never agricultural labor.
- Diligent002001002006
- This Diligent code is inherited from the same shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to do work; to labor” sense; this word's own occurrences describe decrees being carried out, already accounted for under Engage, with no further distinct sense of personal diligence.
- Weak002001001069
- This Weak code is likewise inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to burden” sense; this word's own occurrences describe decrees and construction being carried out, never a burden being placed on anyone.
- Classes001001003001
- This Classes code is inherited from the same shared lemma-cluster grouping's “slave; servant” noun sense; this word's own occurrences use the verb for doing and making, never the noun naming a slave or servant.
- Exist002002002005
- Jeremiah 10:11 recounts the word to be spoken against idols, “the gods that did not make the heavens and the earth will perish from the earth and from under these heavens.”
- Engage002003003011
- Daniel 4:2 recounts Nebuchadnezzar's declaration, “I am pleased to declare the signs and miracles that the Most High God has done for me.”
- Impact002001001024
- Ezra 6:11 recounts the decree, “any person who violates this decree, a timber shall be pulled out of his house and he shall be impaled on it; and his house shall be turned into a refuse heap on account of this.”
Word family 11 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5648. abad עֲבַד verb make, do (ᵑ7, Syriac, Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene, Egyptian…
עֲבַד verb make, do (ᵑ7, Syriac, Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene, Egyptian Aramaic (S-CPap.; compare אַזְדָּא); = Biblical Hebrew עָבַד, q. v., but in meaning || עשׂה); —
Pe`al Perfect3masculine singular ׳ע Dan 3:1 +, 2 masculine singular עֲבַ֑דְתְּ (K§ 13, 2) Dan 4:32; Dan 4:1singular עַבְדֵֿת Dan 3:15; Dan 6:23, Dan 6:3masculine plural עֲבַ֫דוּ Ezr 6:13 +; Imperfect2masculine plural תַּעְבְּדוּן (Baer K§ 38. 1. b); תַּעַבְדוּן Gi Str) Ezr 6:8; Ezr 7:18; Infinitive מֶעְבַּד (K§ 15, a) 2)) Ezr 4:22; Ezr 7:18 (מֶעְבַּ֑ד); Participle active עָבֵד Ezr 7:26 +, feminine singular עָֽבְדָא Dan 7:21; masculine plural עָֽבְדִין Ezr 4:15; —
1 make, accusative of thing Dan 3:1, Dan 3:15 and (of creation) Jer 10:11; make a feast Dan 5:1, war Dan 7:21 (עם person). ded. of temple Ezr 6:16.
2 do, accusative of deed, Dan 4:32 (of God), Dan 6:23; Ezr 4:15, Ezr 4:22; do, act, כְּנֵמָא, thus, Ezr 6:13, כ, according to, Dan 7:18 and (of God) Dan 4:32, absolute Dan 6:11; accusative +ב of thing Ezr 7:18 do something with, +עִם person Ezr 6:8; do, perform, accusative of God's law Ezr 7:26, accusative of signs, etc. (subject God) Dan 6:28 and (+עִם person) Daniel 3:32.
Hithpe`el Imperfect3masculine singular יִתְעֲבֵד Ezr 6:11 +, דִ֑֯ Ezr 6:12; Ezr 7:21; Ezr 7:2masculine plural תִּתְעַבְדוּן Dan 2:5; Participle מִתְעֲבֵד Ezr 7:26, בֶדֿ- Ezr 4:19, feminine singular עַבְדָא- Ezr 5:3; —
1 be made into, with noun predicate, Dan 2:5; Dan 3:29; Ezr 6:11.
2 be done, wrought, Ezr 4:19; Ezr 5:8 (subject עֲבִידְתָּא); be performed, executed, of command Ezr 6:12; Ezr 7:21, Ezr 7:23, judgment Ezr 7:26.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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