נָשַׁךְ
nâshak · H5391 · Hebrew · 16 occurrences
Meanings
-
to bite
Action by which a person or animal uses teeth to cut into something, like another person or animal
ExamplesGenesis 49:17 “Dan shall be a serpent in the way, A horned viper in the path, That bites the horse’s heels, So that its rider falls backward.
Numbers 21:6 Then the LORD sent fiery serpents among the people and they bit the people, so that many people of Israel died.
Numbers 21:8 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Make a fiery serpent, and put it on a flag pole; and it shall come about, that everyone who is bitten, and looks at it, will live.”
-
to bite > to eat
Literally: to bite; hence: to ingest food
ExamplesMicah 3:5 This is what the LORD says concerning the prophets who lead my people astray: When they have something to bite with their teeth, They cry out, “Peace!” But against him who puts nothing in their mouths They declare holy war.
-
to pay interest
Action in which a person is required to pay interest to someone else for having borrowed money, food, or something of value
ExamplesDeuteronomy 23:19 “You are not to charge interest to your countrymen: interest on money, food, or anything that may be loaned on interest.
-
to charge interest, to collect interest
Action in which a person requires someone to pay interest for having borrowed money, food, or something of value
ExamplesDeuteronomy 23:19 “You are not to charge interest to your countrymen: interest on money, food, or anything that may be loaned on interest.
Deuteronomy 23:20 “You may charge interest to a foreigner, but to your countrymen you shall not charge interest, so that the LORD your God may bless you in all that you undertake in the land which you are about to enter to possess.
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creditor
A person who has lent money, food, or something of value to someone else and requires that person to pay interest
ExamplesHabakkuk 2:7 “Will your creditors not rise up suddenly, And those who collect from you awaken? Indeed, you will become plunder for them.
How it’s used In 7 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
14 occurrences in 5 groups
- נָחָשׁsnake 4
- Not stated: you (one person) 3
- Not stated: he, she or it 3
- Not stated: they 2
- Not stated (participle) 2
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
8 occurrences in 7 groups
- וֹhim 2
- אִישׁman, person, each 1
- נֶשֶׁךְinterest 1
- עַםpeople 1
- עָקֵבheel 1
- כֶםyou 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
6 occurrences in 5 groups
- לto/for+ אָחbrother 2
- בin/on/with+ לַחַשׁwhispering 1
- בin/on/with+ שֵׁןtooth, ivory 1
- כlike/as+ נָחָשׁsnake 1
- לto/for+ נׇכְרִיforeign, foreigner 1
With adverbsAdverbs
2 occurrences in 1 groups
- לֹאnot 2
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ךָּyou 1
Named alongside itApposition
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- נָחָשׁsnake 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- קוּםto arise 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- δάκνω dáknō · G1143 · to harm
- Greek δάκνω translates Hebrew נָשַׁךְ in its primary literal sense of 'to bite,' representing the standard Septuagint rendering of this Hebrew verb when used in contexts of physical biting or attack.
Semantic domains 4 entries
- Impact002001001024
- The word describes biting, as fiery serpents bite the people in the wilderness (Numbers 21:6, 21:8-9) and Dan is compared to a viper that bites a horse's heels (Genesis 49:17), tying the word to this sharp, puncturing action.
- Ingest002001001025
- The word's biting sense ties it to the mouth's action of taking hold with the teeth, a broader ingestive-action sense than the venomous-attack citations sampled here.
- Non-Possess002003002018
- The word is also used of biting through usury, i.e. charging interest that eats away at a debtor's resources (Deuteronomy 23:19-20), tying the word to a figurative financial loss.
- People001001003
- The word's usury sense ties it to the relationship between a lender and a borrower as persons, a broader social-role sense than the literal biting citations sampled here.
Word family 2 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5391. nashak נָשַׁךְ verb bite (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew, but also transposed…
נָשַׁךְ verb bite (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew, but also transposed נְכַשׁ Hiph`il); Assyrian našâku DlHWB 486; נְכֵית ᵑ7 (especially of snakes); Syriac , ; Ethiopic Di642; BaZMG xliii (1889), 188 compare Arabic , undo threads, untwist rope, disintegrate, dissolve); —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular נָשַׁךְ Num 21:9, suffix וּנְשָׁכוֺ consecutive Amo 5:19, וּנְשָׁכָם consecutive Amo 9:3; Imperfect3masculine singular יִשֹּׁךְ Ecc 10:11, יִשָּׁ֑ךְ Pro 23:32, suffix יִשְּׁכֶנּוּ Ecc 10:8; Participle active נשֵׁךְ Gen 49:17; plural נשְׁכִים Mic 3:5, suffix נשְׁכֶיךָ Hab 2:7; passive נָשׁוּךְ Num 21:8; — bite, chiefly of serpent, with accusative, Amo 5:19; Amo 9:3; Gen 49:17 (poem in J), Num 21:8 (passive participle, absolute), Num 21:9, Ecc 10:8 also Ecc 10:11 (absolute), Pro 23:32 (simile of wine); figurative of prophets ׳הַנּ בְּשִׁנֵּיהֶם Mic 3:5 who are biting with their teeth, and crying, Peace! figurative of oppression, etc., נשְׁכֶיךָ Hab 2:7 (with play on sense thy debtors, those that give thee interest).
Pi`el Perfect3plural אֶתְכֶם וְנִשְּׁכוּ Jer 8:17 and they shall bite you fatally (figurative); Imperfect3masculine plural אֶתהָֿעָם וַיְנַשְּׁכוּ Num 21:5 and they bit the people fatally(both of serpents).
[נָשַׁךְ] verb denominative pay, give interest (compare GerberVerba denominative 89); —
Qal Imperfect3masculine singular יִשָּׁ֑ךְ Deu 23:20 interest of anything off which one giveth interest (compare Dr).
Hiph`il make one give interest; Imperfect2masculine singular תַּשִּׁיךְ Deu 23:20 ( + accusative of congnate meaning with verb) Deu 23:21; Deu 23:21, all with לְ person
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 4 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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