נָשַׂג
nâsag · H5381 · Hebrew · 50 occurrences
Meanings
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to overtake, to catch up with
Action by which humans succeed to catch up with other humans after having pursued them
ExamplesGenesis 31:25 And Laban caught up with Jacob. Now Jacob had pitched his tent in the hill country, and Laban with his kinsmen camped in the hill country of Gilead.
Genesis 44:4 They had just left the city, and were not far away, when Joseph said to his house steward, “Up, follow the men; and when you overtake them, say to them, ‘Why have you repaid evil for good?
Genesis 44:6 So he overtook them and spoke these words to them.
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Literally: to overtake; hence: process by which events that humans have been expecting or dreading finally take place, as if they had been pursuing them for some time and ultimately caught up with them (to catch up with (happen))
ExamplesDeuteronomy 28:2 “And all these blessings will come to you and reach you if you obey the LORD your God:
Deuteronomy 28:15 “But it shall come about, if you do not obey the LORD your God, to be careful to follow all His commandments and His statutes which I am commanding you today, that all these curses will come upon you and overtake you:
Deuteronomy 28:45 “So all these curses shall come upon you and pursue you and overtake you until you are destroyed, because you would not obey the LORD your God by keeping His commandments and His statutes which He commanded you.
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to regain a path, to reengage
Literally: to catch up with a path; hence: process by which humans reengage with a particular activity
ExamplesProverbs 2:19 None who go to her return, Nor do they reach the paths of life.
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Literally: to overtake; hence: process by which a repetitive event increases in frequency to the extent that it starts matching the frequency of another event (to catch up with (in number))
ExamplesGenesis 47:9 So Jacob said to Pharaoh, “The years of my living abroad are 130; few and unpleasant have been the years of my life, nor have they attained the years that my fathers lived during the days of their living abroad.”
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to afford
Literally: (one's) hand catches up (with something); hence: state in which someone has sufficient resources to carry out a certain task
ExamplesLeviticus 14:30 “He shall then offer one of the turtledoves or young doves, which are within his means.
Leviticus 14:31 “He shall offer what he can afford, the one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering, together with the grain offering. So the priest shall make atonement before the LORD on behalf of the one to be cleansed.
Leviticus 25:26 ‘Or in case someone has no redeemer, but recovers to find sufficient means for its redemption,
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Literally: to overtake; hence: process by which a certain event takes up so much time that it extends into the time alotted for the event that should happen next (to catch up with (in time))
ExamplesLeviticus 26:5 ‘Indeed, your threshing season will last for you until grape gathering, and grape gathering will last until sowing time. So you will eat your food to the full and live securely in your land.
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Action by which humans cause their hands to move in a certain direction (to move (one's) hand)
Examples1 Samuel 14:26 When the people entered the forest, behold, there was honey dripping; but no man put his hand to his mouth, because the people feared the oath.
How it’s used In 10 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
47 occurrences in 20 groups
- יָדhand, power 12
- Not stated: they 12
- Not stated: he, she or it 5
- Not stated: I 3
- Other words · 16 groups that occur once or twice (17) 17
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
32 occurrences in 18 groups
- הֶםthem 8
- וֹhim 4
- ךָּyou 3
- Other words · 15 groups that occur once or twice (19) 19
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
13 occurrences in 11 groups
- בin/on/with+ עֲרָבָהplain, Arabah, desert 3
- Other words · 10 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10
With adverbsAdverbs
10 occurrences in 3 groups
- לֹאnot 8
- אַיִןthere is no, not 1
- שָׁםthere 1
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- וֹhim 1
Named alongside itApposition
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- חֶרֶבsword 1
- וֹhim 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- קוּםto arise 1
What it is said to bePredicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- אַיִןthere is no, not 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- חֶרֶבsword 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- מִןfrom 1
- לto/for 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- עָשַׁר ʻâshar · H6238 · to be rich, to become rich, to pretend to be rich
- נָשַׂג (nâsag, H5381) emphasizes the broader concept of attaining or reaching (including wealth among many other objects), while עָשַׁר (ʻâshar, H6238) is specialized for the domain of becoming or making rich/wealthy.
- מָצָא mâtsâʼ · H4672 · to find, to be able (to do something)
- מָצָא emphasizes finding or coming upon (with ability as a derivative sense of sufficient resource), while נָשַׂג emphasizes reaching or attaining (with ability as achieving sufficiency to reach a goal).
In the other Testament 2 words
- καταλαμβάνω katalambánō · G2638 · to acquire, to attain, to obtain
- Greek translation equivalent in LXX contexts where Hebrew נָשַׂג expresses overtaking, seizing, or reaching/attaining something, particularly in contexts of pursuit or acquisition; καταλαμβάνω emphasizes the completeness of seizing or taking hold.
- εὑρίσκω heurískō · G2147 · to learn the whereabouts of something, to find, to discover
- Greek εὑρίσκω emphasizes the discovery or finding aspect of attainment, while Hebrew נָשַׂג focuses on the action of reaching, overtaking, or achieving through effort or pursuit.
Semantic domains 8 entries
- Pursue002002001019
- The word describes overtaking someone after a chase, as Laban catches up with Jacob (Genesis 31:25) and Joseph's steward overtakes his brothers (Genesis 44:4, 44:6), tying the word to closing the distance in pursuit.
- Happen002002003003
- The word can describe a period of time or a stated outcome being reached or attained, a broader sense of arrival at a point than a physical chase.
- Engage002003003011
- The word describes actively engaging in the effort to catch up with or reach a target, a broader sense of active pursuit than the citations of literal overtaking sampled here.
- Quantity002001001046
- The word is used of reaching a sufficient quantity or means, as one's offering is scaled to what one's hand can reach or afford (Leviticus 5:11), tying the word to attaining a measured amount.
- Rich002001001050
- The word describes growing rich or attaining wealth, a specialized economic-attainment sense broader than the pursuit citations sampled here.
- Time002002002010
- The word is used of reaching or attaining a span of years, as Jacob says he has not attained the years his fathers lived (Genesis 47:9), tying the word to reaching a temporal milestone.
- Stance002001001061
- The word can describe catching up to and laying hold of someone in their position, a broader sense tied to reaching a fixed point than the general pursuit citations.
- Birth002002002003
- The word is used in one context of a woman's pregnancy reaching full term, a specialized sense broader than the general pursuit/attainment citations sampled here.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5381. nasag [נָשַׂג] verb only Hiph`il reach, overtake (Ecclus Ecclesiasticus 14:13 ידך…
[נָשַׂג] verb only
Hiph`il reach, overtake (Ecclus Ecclesiasticus 14:13 ידך והשיגת, Ecclesiasticus 35:10 יד ובהשגת (compare Schechter on 14:13), compare
3 below; מענה ישיג 32:14 shall obtain an answer; —
Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular וְהִשִּׂיג consecutive Lev 25:6, suffix וְהִשִּׂיגוֺ consecutive Deu 19:6; Deu 19:2masculine singular suffix וְהִשַּׂגְתָּם consecutive Gen 44:4, etc.; Imperfect יַשִּׂיג Lev 26:5, וַיַּשֵּׂג Gen 31:25, suffix וַיַּשִּׂגֵם Gen 44:26, etc.; Infinitive absolute הַשֵּׂג 1Sa 30:8; Participle מַשִּׂיג 1Sa 14:26, suffix מַשִּׂיגֵ֫הוּ Job 41:18; feminine מַשֶּׂגֶת Lev 14:21; 1Ch 21:12 (but read הֱיוֺת וְאִם as || 2Sa 24:13 WeSm Kit); —
1 overtake, with accusative, often after רָדַף:
a. literal Gen 31:25 (E), Gen 44:4, Gen 44:6 (J), Exo 14:9 (P), Exo 15:9 (song), Deu 19:6; Jos 2:5 (JE), 1Sa 30:8 (3 t. in verse); 2Sa 15:14; 2Ki 25:5 = Jer 39:5 = Jer 52:8, Hos 2:9, compare Psa 7:6; Psa 18:38 (וָאַשְׁמִידֵם in || 2Sa 22:38), Lam 1:3 (metaphor).
b. figurative of battle Hos 10:9, sword Jer 42:16; on 1Ch 21:12 see above; of blessings Deu 28:2, curses Deu 28:15; Deu 28:45, predictions Zec 1:6, justice Isa 59:9, wrath of ׳י Psa 69:25, iniquities Psa 40:13, calamities Job 27:20.
2. a. reach, attain to, Job 41:18 (if one) reach it (crocodile) with the sword (2 accusative); figurative paths of life Pro 2:19, joy, etc., Isa 35:10; also Isa 51:11 (CheHpt יַשִּׂיגוּם, for יַשִּׂיגוּן ᵑ0; PerlesAnalekten 64 יִשְׂגּוּן, from שׂגה); of time Gen 47:9 my days have not reached the days ... of my fathers, compare Lev 26:5 (twice in verse).
b. cause to reach, bring, put, אֶלמִּֿיו יָדוֺ מַשִּׂיג 1Sa 14:26 no one put his hand to his mouth, but read ᵑ7 ᵐ5 מֵשִׁיב Klo Dr Bu Kit HPS Löhr.
3 figurative יָדוֺ הִשִּׁיגָה one's hand has reached, i.e. one is able, or has enough, Lev 5:11 (with לְ), Lev 14:21; Lev 25:26, Lev 25:49; with accusative = able to secure, get Lev 14:22, Lev 14:30, Lev 14:31, Lev 14:32; Lev 27:8; Num 6:21 (all P), Eze 46:7; absolute = gain (riches) Lev 25:47 (H). — Job 24:2 see סוּג.
נשׂק see שׂלק.
נשׂר (√ of following; Late Hebrew נָסַר saw (Qal, Pi`el); Aramaic נְסַר, saw; compare Ethiopic id.; Arabic noun a saw).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 8 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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