נַחַל

H5158. nachal
I. נַ֫חַל noun masculine2Ki 3:16 torrent, torrent-valley, wady (Ecclus 40:13; 40:16; Late Hebrew id., stream (rare); נַחְלָא ᵑ7 , = Biblical Hebrew; Assyrian na—lu = Biblical Hebrew; LagBN 140 Anm. thinks Νεῖλος may be from Νεέλ = נַחַל pronounced *נִהִל; on ׳נ in Sabean proper name, of a location, see HalRev. Sémit. Iv (1896), 80, 1, 14); — absolute ׳נ Gen 32:24 +, נַ֫חְלָה Psa 124:4; construct נַחַל Gen 26:17 +; with ה locative, Gen 34:5 so read also Eze 47:19; Eze 48:28 (where נַחֲלָ֫ה ᵑ0; see Thes); dual נַחֲלַיִם Eze 47:9, but read ᵐ5 הַנַּחַל. ᵑ9 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Co Berthol; plural נְחָלִים Num 21:4 +; נַחֲלֵי Deu 8:7 +; suffix נְחֶלֶיהָ Isa 34:9; —
1 torrent, of rushing water in narrow channel Jdg 5:21 (3 t. in verse); Jdg 4:7, Jdg 4:13; Psa 83:10 (all of קִישֹׁן, q. v.); mountain torrent Deu 9:21 (compare Exo 32:20); so Amo 5:24 (simile of righteousness); ׳הַנּ הַשּׁוֺטֵף2Ch 32:4 (|| מַעְיָנוֺת); נ ׳נֶהְמְּכוּ לְזֶפֶת Isa 34:9; simile of tears Lam 2:18; hyperb.שָֿׁ֑מֶן׳נ Mic 6:7 torrents of oil, compare of honey and curd Job 20:17 (|| נְהָרִים מְּלַגּוֺת,); figurative׳נ בְלִיַּעַל 2Sa 22:5 torrents of worthlessness (|| מָ֫וֶת מִשְׁבְּרֵי), = Psa 18:5; ׳נ שׁוֺטֵף simile of glory of nations Isa 66:12, figurative of invaders Jer 47:2 (|| מַיִס), or foes Psa 124:4 (נַ֫חְלָה, see above); 1Ki 17:4, 1Ki 17:6 (for drinking), drying up in summer 1Ki 17:7 (יָבֵשׁ; all of Elijah's stream כְּרִית, q. v.); for drinking also Psa 110:7, and (figurative) ׳נ עֲדָנֶיךָ Psa 36:9; Job 6:15 (twice in verse) (נְחָלִים אֲפִיק; in simile); of water bursting from rock Psa 78:20 (שָׁטַף, || מַיִם), compare Psa 74:15 (+ מַעְיָן); figurative of חָכְמָה מְקוֺר Pro 18:4 (׳נ נֹבֵּעַ; || עֲמֻקִים מַיִם); more Generally = stream, brook, river (chiefly late) Isa 11:15 (divisions of river, נָהָר) in desert Isa 35:6 (|| מַיִם), Jer 31:9 (מַיִם נַחֲלֵי), Eze 47:5 (twice in verse); Eze 47:9 b (all strike out Co), Eze 47:6; Eze 47:7; Eze 47:9a (readהַנַּחַל, see above), Eze 47:12; containing fish, etc. Lev 11:9-10, (|| יַמִּים מַיִם,), Ecc 1:7 (twice in verse); figurative י ׳רוּחַ, Isa 30:28 (׳נ שׁוֺטֵף, Isa 30:33 (׳נ גָּפְרִית).
2 Torrent-valley, wady, as stream-bed 1Sa 17:40; Neh 2:15; Isa 57:6; with torrent flowing through it, ׳נ אֵיתָן Deu 21:4 (twice in verse); Deu 21:6, מַיִם נַחֲלֵי אֶרֶץ Deu 8:7 (|| בַּבִּקְעָה יֹּצְאִים וּתְהֹמֹת עֲיָנֹת), compare Deu 10:7, 1Ki 18:5 (|| הַמַיִם מַעְיְנֵי), Psa 104:10; abode of Elijah 1Ki 17:3, 1Ki 17:5 (compare 1Ki 17:4; 1Ki 17:6; 1Ki 17:7 above); נ ׳עֹרְבֵי Pro 30:17 (compare 1Ki 17:4, 1Ki 17:6); ׳נ הַבַּתּוֺת Isa 7:19 as home of bees; fertile, ׳נ אֶשְׁכֹּל Num 13:23-24, (E); הַנּ ׳אִבֵּי Son 6:11; ׳עַרְבֵינֿ poplars of the wady Lev 23:40 (H), Job 40:22; ׳נ עֲרָבִים Isa 15:7; needing water Gen 26:17 (׳נ גְּרָר), Gen 26:19 (J), compare 2Ki 3:16-17, place for refuse, ruins, etc. 2Sa 17:13; in poetry also as wild, remote ravine Job 30:6, compare הַנְּחָלִים בְּצוּר Job 22:24; place of child-sacrifice Isa 57:5; burial-place Job 21:33 (נ ׳רִגְבֵי), — Num 24:6 see II. נַ֫חַל.
Particular wadys designate localities: אַרְנוֺן Num 21:14 (E), Deu 2:24, Deu 2:36 (twice in verse); Deu 3:8, Deu 3:12, Deu 3:16 (twice in verse); Deu 4:48; Jos 12:1-2,(twice in verse); Jos 13:9 (twice in verse) (all D), Jos 13:16; Jos 13:16 (P), 2Ki 10:33; אֶשְׁכֹּל Num 32:9 (J), Deu 1:24 בְּשׂוֺר 1Sa 30:9-10, 1Sa 30:21; גָּד 2Sa 24:5; זֶרֶד Num 21:12 (E), Deu 2:13 (twice in verse); Deu 2:14; יַכֹּק Gen 32:24 (J), Deu 2:37; Deu 3:16; Jos 12:2 (all D); קִדְרוֺן 2Sa 15:23; 1Ki 2:37; 1Ki 15:13; 1Ki 18:40; 1Ki 23:6 (twice in verse); 2Sa 23:12; 2Ch 15:16; 2Ch 29:16; 2Ch 30:14; Jer 31:40; קָנָה Jos 16:8; Jos 17:9 (3 t. in verse) (all P); שׂוֺרֵק Jdg 16:4; ׳נ הַשִּׁטִּים Joel 4:18; מִצְרַיִם ׳נ is southwest limit of Palestine (Assyrian na—al [mat] Muƒri, Dl Par. 310 SchrCOT Num 34:5) Num 34:5 (P), Jos 15:4 (D), Jos 15:47 (P), 1Ki 8:65; 2Ki 24:7, 2Ki 24:2; Chron 2Ki 7:8; Isa 27:12, + (omit מצרים) Eze 47:19; Eze 48:28 (see above); so read also possibly Amo 6:14 (see עֲרָבָה: usually identified with Wâdy el-Arîsh; on Wkl's different view, see references below מִצְרַיִם near the end); on identification of ׳נ Jos 15:7; Jos 19:11 (both P), 2Sa 23:30 = 1Ch 11:32; 2Ch 20:16; 2Ch 33:14, see Commentaries; הַנְּחָלִים אָשֶׁד Num 21:15, see אֶשֶׁד.
3 Miner's shaft, נ ׳מָּרַץ Job 28:4.
II. [נַ֫חַל] noun [masculine] perhaps palm-tree (Arabic , noun of individual meaning ; see PerlesJQ, July, 1899, 688); — only plural absolute, נִטָּ֑יוּ כִּנְחָלִים Num 24:6 like palm-trees, which are stretched out, spread out (as to foliage). So Perlesl.c, who compares נחל כערבי Ecclus 50:12e, ᵐ5 ὡς στελέχη φοινικων.