מַחְשָׁךְ
machshâk · H4285 · Hebrew · 7 occurrences
Meanings
-
darkness or a dark place
A place with little or no light, where no one can readily see and colors and shapes cannot be distinguished, loved only by the wicked and associated with hardship, death and lack of enlightenment
ExamplesPsalm 74:20 Consider the covenant; For the dark places of the land are full of the places of violence.
Psalm 88:6 You have put me in the lowest pit, In dark places, in the depths.
Psalm 88:18 You have removed lover and friend far from me; My acquaintances are in a hiding place.
How it’s used In 5 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- אֶרֶץland, earth, ground 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- מָלֵאto be full, to fill 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- שׂוּםto put, to set, to place 1
What it is said to bePredicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- יָדַעto know 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
4 occurrences in 1 groups
- בin/on/with 7
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 1 word
- עֲלָטָה ʻălâṭâh · H5939 · dusk, darkness
- Another distinct Hebrew noun for darkness from a different root (עלט), denoting thick darkness or gloom; both can refer to dark places or the state of darkness independently of the חשׁך word family.
Contrasting words 1 word
- נֹגַהּ nôgahh · H5051 · brightness, shining
- A Hebrew noun denoting brightness or shining light, functioning as an antonym to darkness terms; the contrast between brightness (נֹגַהּ) and dark places (מַחְשָׁךְ) is a genuine lexical opposition.
In the other Testament 2 words
- σκότος skótos · G4655 · darkness, evil world, realm of evil
- The standard Greek translation equivalent for Hebrew darkness terminology; σκότος is the common Greek noun for darkness in the LXX and NT, directly corresponding to the Hebrew concept of מַחְשָׁךְ as a dark place or darkness.
- ζόφος zóphos · G2217 · gloom, darkness, gloomy hell
- A Greek term for deep darkness or gloom that can translate Hebrew darkness terms, especially emphasizing the quality of thick, heavy darkness that מַחְשָׁךְ can denote.
Word family 12 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H4285. machshak מַחְשַׁךְ noun masculine dark place (poetry) — absolute ׳מ Isa 29:15; Isa…
מַחְשַׁךְ noun masculine dark place (poetry) — absolute ׳מ Isa 29:15; Isa 42:16; מַחְשָׁ֑ךְ Psalm 88:19; plural מַחֲשַׁכִּים Psa 88:7; Psa 143:3 = Lam 3:6 construct מַחֲשַׁכֵּי Psa 74:20; — dark place:
a. = hiding-place אֿרץ׳מח Psa 74:20.
b. dark region, in which men may lose their way Isa 42:16.
c. = grave, or שׁאול Psalm 88:19 (see Che); of dark place of God's wrath (like She' ô l) Psa 88:7; compare Psa 143:3 = Lam 3:6.
d. = secret place, secrecy (of plots) Isa 29:15.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
New American Standard Bible Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, Calif. All rights reserved. For Permission to Quote Information visit http://www.lockman.org.