כָּזָב
kâzâb · H3577 · Hebrew · 31 occurrences
Meanings
-
falsehood, lie
State in which something that has been said is not truthful
ExamplesJudges 16:10 Then Delilah said to Samson, “Behold, you have toyed with me and told me lies; now please tell me how you may be bound.”
Judges 16:13 Then Delilah said to Samson, “Up to now you have toyed with me and told me lies; tell me how you may be bound.” And he said to her, “If you weave the seven locks of my hair with the web [and fasten it with the pin, then I will be weak like any other man.”
Psalm 5:6 You destroy those who speak lies; The LORD loathes the person of bloodshed and deceit.
-
lies, falsehood
Literally: falsehood; hence: things that cannot be trusted
ExamplesProverbs 23:3 Do not desire his delicacies, For it is deceptive food.
Isaiah 28:15 Because you have said, “We have made a covenant with death, And with Sheol we have made a pact. The gushing flood will not reach us when it passes by, Because we have made falsehood our refuge and we have concealed ourselves with deception.”
Isaiah 28:17 “I will make justice the measuring line And righteousness the level; Then hail will sweep away the refuge of lies, And the waters will overflow the secret place.
How it’s used In 6 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- הֶםtheir 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- הָלַךְto go, to walk 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- תָּעָהto go astray, to wander 1
What is done to itIt is the object
18 occurrences in 8 groups
- דָבַרto speak, to say 5
- פּוּחַto utter, to breathe out 5
- קָסַםto practice divination 3
- בָּקַשׁto seek, to search, to look for 1
- חָזָהto see, to look at 1
- רָבָהto increase 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- בֵּןson 1
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
11 occurrences in 10 groups
- Other words · 10 groups that occur once or twice (11) 11
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 5 words
- מַהֲתַלָּה mahăthallâh · H4123 · (to prophesy) deceit
- מַהֲתַלָּה (mahăthallâh, H4123) is glossed "deceit" and כָּזָב (kâzâb, H3577) "deceitful, false, lie, lying"; both clearly denote falsehood and deception and are nouns for deceit and falsehood.
- רְמִיָּה rᵉmîyâh · H7423 · lazy, slothful, idle
- Both כָּזָב (kâzâb, H3577) and רְמִיָּה (rᵉmîyâh, H7423) (“deceit, guile”) denote falsehood and deceit, כָּזָב (kâzâb, H3577) focusing on lies or falsehood and רְמִיָּה on cunning deceit; they overlap substantially in the sphere of dishonesty and could substitute for one another in many contexts.
- תֹּךְ tôk · H8496 · fraud
- Both כָּזָב (kâzâb, H3577) and תֹּךְ (tôk, H8496) denote falsehood, deceit or lying, and overlap in sense as words for dishonesty; תֹּךְ is a rare word, attested only a few times.
- כַּחַשׁ kachash · H3585 · leanness, gauntness, lies
- Both words denote falsehood and lies; they are distinct Hebrew words for lying and deception that could substitute in similar contexts.
- שֶׁקֶר sheqer · H8267 · treachery, wrongfully, without cause
- Both כָּזָב (kâzâb, H3577) and שֶׁקֶר (sheqer, H8267) denote falsehood and lying, overlapping in the underlying sense of dishonesty, although their dominant Greek renderings in the Septuagint differ, which may point to different nuances or usage.
In the other Testament 1 word
- ψεῦδος pseûdos · G5579 · lie, falsehood
- Greek ψεῦδος renders Hebrew כָּזָב as its direct translation equivalent for the concept of falsehood/deception, both denoting deliberate untruth in prophetic, moral, and legal contexts.
Semantic domains 1 entry
- False002001003007
- The noun names a lie or falsehood, deceitful speech, in keeping with its glossed sense "deceitful, false, leasing... lie, lying."
Word family 4 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H3577. kazab כָּזָב noun masculineAmo 2:4 lie, falsehood, deceptive thing; — absolute ׳כ…
כָּזָב noun masculineAmo 2:4 lie, falsehood, deceptive thing; — absolute ׳כ Hos 12:2 19t.; plural absolute כְּזָבִים Jdg 16:10 Jdg 16:9t.; suffix כִּזְבֵיהֶם Amo 2:4; — lie, falsehood, with דִּבֶּר Jdg 16:10, Jdg 16:13; Hos 7:13; Zep 3:13; Dan 11:27; Psa 5:7; Psa 58:4, so Eze 13:8 Co (by transposing ׳כ with שָׁוְא, compare Eze 13:6; Eze 13:7; Eze 13:9); with יָפִיחַ (in Proverbs) Pro 6:19; Pro 14:5, Pro 14:25; Pro 19:5, Pro 19:9; of false prophecies (divinations) with כ ׳מִקְסַם אָמַר, Eze 13:7; with קָסַם Eze 13:9; Ezekiel 21:34; Eze 22:28 + Eze 13:6 ᵐ5 Co (כ ׳קָסוֺם, for כ ׳קֶסֶם ᵑ0); with שָׁמַע Eze 13:19, בִּקֵּשׁ Psa 4:3; with רָצָה delight in Psa 62:5; so in the phrase ׳דְּבַרכֿ Pro 30:8, כ ׳אִישׁ Pro 19:22 = liar, כְּזָבִים עֵד Pro 21:28 = false witness; of idols. as a lie (res ementita) Amo 2:4, so probably כ ׳שָׂטֵי those turning aside to a lie Psa 40:5 (compare שֶׁקֶר הֶבֶל, אֱלִיל, אָוֶן,); then of empty human pretensions ׳כ יַרְבֶּה וָשֹׁד Hos 12:2; Isa 28:15 (|| שֶׁקֶר), Isa 28:17 (כ ׳מַחְסֵה), Psa 62:10 (|| הֶבֶל; compare כֹּזֵב Psa 116:11); כְּזָבִים לֶחֶם Pro 23:3 = deceptive (disappointing) bread.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
New American Standard Bible Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, Calif. All rights reserved. For Permission to Quote Information visit http://www.lockman.org.