כָּזַב
kâzab · H3576 · Hebrew · 16 occurrences
Meanings
-
to lie, to utter lies
Action by which a human or deity says or reveals something that is not true
ExamplesNumbers 23:19 “God is not a man, that He would lie, Nor a son of man, that He would change His mind; Has He said, and will He not do it? Or has He spoken, and will He not make it good?
2 Kings 4:16 Then he said, “At this season next year, you are going to embrace a son.” And she said, “No, my lord, you man of God, do not lie to your servant.”
Job 6:28 “Now please look at me, And see if I am lying to your face.
-
to prove someone to be a liar
Causative action by which human show or prove other humans to be telling a lie
ExamplesJob 24:25 “Now if it is not so, who can prove me a liar, And make my speech worthless?”
Proverbs 30:6 Do not add to His words Or He will rebuke you, and you will be proved a liar.
-
to be disappointed
Process by which something or someone is shown to be untrue
ExamplesJob 41:9 “Behold, your expectation is false; Will you be hurled down even at the sight of him?
How it’s used In 6 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
15 occurrences in 9 groups
- Not stated: I 3
- Not stated: you (one person) 3
- Not stated: he, she or it 3
- Other words · 6 groups that occur once or twice (6) 6
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- נָטַףto drop 1
- נִיme 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
5 occurrences in 6 groups
- עַלon, upon, over, against+ מִשְׁפָּטjustice, judgment, ordinance 1
- בin/on/with+ לָשׁוֹןtongue, language 1
- בin/on/with+ שִׁפְחָהmaidservant, female slave 1
- לto/for+ דָּוִדDavid 1
- לto/for+ עַםpeople 1
- לto/for+ וֹhim 1
With adverbsAdverbs
4 occurrences in 2 groups
- לֹאnot 3
- אַלnot, do not 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- אָדָםhuman, humankind, human being(s) 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- בin/on/with 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- שָׁקַר shâqar · H8266 · to act falsely, to act treacherously, to deceive
- Both lexemes denote acts of lying/dealing falsely and are genuine verbal near-synonyms in Hebrew (both can substitute for "to lie/act falsely").
- הָבַל hâbal · H1891 · to become futile, to fail, to cause to become futile
- Both words are near-synonyms in contexts where actions or expectations prove empty or fruitless.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- False002001003007
- The verb is the common word for lying or being found a liar, describing false speech, throughout its many occurrences in the legal and wisdom literature.
- Unfaithful002001002027
- The verb's sense of dealing falsely associates it with unfaithfulness, a breach of trust through deception.
- Fail002003003013
- The verb's glossed sense "fail" and "be in vain" describes a promise or word that comes to nothing, failing to be fulfilled.
Word family 4 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H3576. kazab [כָּזַב] verb lie, be a liar (Arabic ; Aramaic כְּדַב, id. chiefly Pa`el;…
[כָּזַב] verb lie, be a liar (Arabic ; Aramaic כְּדַב, id. chiefly Pa`el; Late Hebrew כָּזַב) —
Qal Participle כֹּזֵב כָּלהָֿאָדָם Psa 116:11 (compare כָּזָּב Psa 62:10).
Niph`al Perfect3feminine singular נִכְזָ֑בָה תֹּחַלְתּוֺ Job 41:1 his hope has been made deceptive, i.e. been shewn to be so; 2 masculine singular consecutive וְנִכְזָ֑בְתָּ Pro 30:6 lest he convict thee and thou be proven a liar.
Pi`el Perfect3masculine singular כִּזֵּב Mic 2:11; Imperfect3masculine singular יְכַזֵּב Hab 2:3; Pro 14:5; וִיכַזֵּב Num 23:19, etc.; Infinitive construct suffix כַזֶּבְכֶם (בְּ) Eze 13:19; —
1 lie, tell a lie, absolute, Num 23:19 (JE), Mic 2:11; Job 6:28; Job 34:6; Pro 14:5; Isa 57:11; followed by לְ person lie to Eze 13:9; Psa 78:36; Psa 89:36; followed by בְּ person tell a lie with, i.e. in intercourse, conversation with 2Ki 4:16.
2 disappoint, fail, of a divine revelation Hab 2:3; waters of a spring Isa 58:11.
Hiph`il Imperfect3masculine singular suffix יַכְזִיבֵנִי Job 24:25 who will make me a liar? i.e. prove me to be so (compare Niph`al)
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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