Word

כָּבַס

kâbaç · H3526 · Hebrew · 51 occurrences

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Meanings

to wash oneself

Action by which humans remove physical contamination from their bodies by dipping it in water, used figuratively to denote the removal of guilt

Examples
Jeremiah 2:22 “Although you wash yourself with lye And use much soap, The stain of your guilt is before Me,” declares the Lord GOD.
to wash

Action by which humans remove physical or ritual contamination from their body, or from objects, by dipping it in water

Examples
Genesis 49:11 “He ties his foal to the vine, And his donkey’s colt to the choice vine; He washes his garments in wine, And his robes in the blood of grapes.
Exodus 19:10 The LORD also said to Moses, “Go to the people and consecrate them today and tomorrow, and have them wash their garments;
Exodus 19:14 So Moses went down from the mountain to the people and consecrated the people, and they washed their garments.
to wash, to cleanse, to purify

Literally: to wash; hence: causative by which deities remove guilt from humans after they have sinned

Examples
Psalm 51:2 Wash me thoroughly from my guilt And cleanse me from my sin.
Psalm 51:7 Purify me with hyssop, and I will be clean; Cleanse me, and I will be whiter than snow.
fuller

A person who washes clothes as their profession

Examples
Malachi 3:2 “But who can endure the day of His coming? And who can stand when He appears? For He is like a refiner’s fire, and like launderer’s soap.
Fuller's Field

Participle as noun: name of a location near Jerusalem

Examples
2 Kings 18:17 Then the king of Assyria sent Tartan, Rab-saris, and Rabshakeh from Lachish to King Hezekiah with a large army to Jerusalem. So they went up and came to Jerusalem. And when they went up, they came and stood by the conduit of the upper pool, which is on the road of the fuller’s field.
Isaiah 7:3 Then the LORD said to Isaiah, “Go out now to meet Ahaz, you and your son Shear-jashub, at the end of the conduit of the upper pool, on the road to the fuller’s field,
Isaiah 36:2 And the king of Assyria sent Rabshakeh from Lachish to Jerusalem to King Hezekiah with a large army. And he stood by the conduit of the upper pool on the road to the fuller’s field.
Literally: to wash (one's) heart; hence: action by which humans stop entertaining evil thoughts (to wash (one's) heart, to stop thinking evil thoughts)

Examples
Jeremiah 4:14 Wash your heart from evil, Jerusalem, So that you may be saved. How long will your wicked thoughts Lodge within you?

How it’s used In 6 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

47 occurrences in 18 groups

Not stated: he, she or it 14
Not stated: you (one person) 6
Not stated: they 5
נָשָׂאto lift up, to carry, to bear 4
נָגַעto touch 3
Other words · 13 groups that occur once or twice (15) 15

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

40 occurrences in 7 groups

בֶּגֶדgarment, clothes 32
שִׂמְלָהclothes, garment, cloak 2
נִיme 2
לֵבheart, mind 1
לְבוּשׁclothing 1
נָזָהto sprinkle, to spatter 1

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

8 occurrences in 7 groups

בin/on/with+ מַיִםwater 2
מִןfrom+ עָוֺןiniquity 1
מִןfrom+ רַעevil, bad 1
בin/on/with+ יוֹםday, time 1
בin/on/with+ יַיִןwine 1
בin/on/with+ מָקוֹםplace 1

With adverbsAdverbs

2 occurrences in 1 groups

לֹאnot 2

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

2 occurrences in 1 groups

אַחַרafter, behind 2

In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive

4 occurrences in 2 groups

שָׂדֶהfield, countryside 3
בֹּרִיתsoap 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 2 words

מָרַק mâraq · H4838 · to scour, to polish: Both words denote cleaning actions, washing or scouring, that overlap in sense as processes of cleaning or purification.
דּוּחַ dûwach · H1740 · to wash, to cleanse: Both words denote washing and cleansing actions; דּוּחַ (dûwach, H1740) emphasizes purging or casting out impurity and is rare, while כָּבַס (kâbaç, H3526) is the standard term for washing garments, the work of a fuller; they are distinct words for overlapping senses of washing and cleansing.

In the other Testament 1 word

ἀποπλύνω apoplýnō · G637 · to wash, to clean: Greek ἀποπλύνω emphasizes the rinsing-off or washing-away action (apo- prefix conveys removal), while Hebrew כָּבַס denotes the fuller's trade of washing garments or cloth generally, without the same lexical emphasis on removal; both denote cleansing by water but differ in aspectual focus.

Semantic domains 5 entries

Clean002001001011: The verb describes washing to make clean, as when the people washed their garments to consecrate themselves before the LORD in Exodus 19:10 and 19:14.
Innocent002003003015: The washing of garments carries a sense of ritual purity and innocence before the LORD, as in the consecration washing commanded in Exodus 19:10.
Professions001001003009: The word names the occupation of a fuller, one who washes and cleanses cloth, an occupation named in its glossed sense "fuller."
Names of Landforms003001008: The fuller's occupation is associated with the Fuller's Field, a specific location outside Jerusalem named in 2 Kings 18:17 and Isaiah 7:3, tying this word's professional sense to that landmark.
Right002001003013: The washing of garments before consecration reflects a rightly ordered, prepared state before the LORD, as commanded in Exodus 19:10.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H3526. kabas [כָּבַס]51 verb (tread), wash (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician כבס as…

H3526. kabas
[כָּבַס]51 verb (tread), wash (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician כבס as participle; Assyrian kabâsu, tread (down), subjugate, kibšu, step, path, DlHWB) —
Qal Participle only כוֺבֵס שְׂדֵה מְסִלַּת highway of fuller's (= treader's, washer's) field Isa 7:3; Isa 36:2 = 2Ki 18:17.
Pi`el Perfect וְכִּבֶּס consecutive Lev 13:6 Lev 13:11t.; כִּבֵּס Gen 49:11; 2Sa 19:25, etc.; Imperfect יְכַבֵּס Lev 11:25 Lev 11:16t.; 2 masculine singular suffix תְּכַבְּסֵנִי Psa 51:9, etc.; Imperative suffix כַּבְּסֵנִי Psa 51:4; feminine singular כַּבְּסִי Jer 4:14; Participle plural מְכַבְּסִים Mal 3:2; —
1 wash garments (i.e. by treading) Exo 19:10, Exo 19:14 (E), 2Sa 19:25; figurative of Judah Gen 49:11; elsewhere chiefly P: Lev 6:20; Lev 11:25, Lev 11:28; Lev 13:6, Lev 13:34; Lev 15:11; Num 8:9 +; || רָחץ (which = wash person) Lev 14:8-9, Lev 15:5-6, Lev 15:7, Lev 15:8, Lev 15:10, Lev 15:11 + (׳כ in Leviticus 27 t., || ׳ר15t.; in Numbers 8 t., || ׳ר3t.); Participle = fuller (compare Qal), only מְכ ׳בֹּרִית Mal 3:2.
2 wash person, only in poetry and figurative בַּנֶּתֶר תְּכַבְּסִי אִם Jer 2:22; לִבֵךְ מֵרָעָה כַּבְּסִי Jer 4:14; with suffix Psa 51:4 (|| טהר; + מֵעָוֺן); Psa 51:9 (|| חִטֵּא).
Pu`al Perfect וְכֻבַּס consecutive Lev 13:58; Lev 15:17 be washed, of garment.
Hothpa`al (Ges§ 54, 3) Infinitive אֶתהַֿנֶּגַע הֻכַּבֵּס אַחֲרֵי Lev 13:55 after the plague is washed out, so Lev 13:56.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 5 entries

Professions1 occurrence Clean44 occurrences Right1 occurrence Innocent2 occurrences Names of Landforms3 occurrences

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0