חֵסֵד

H2617. checed
חֶ֫סֶד: 247 noun masculine2Sa 16:17 goodness, kindness; — absolute ׳ח Gen 24:12 85t.; חָ֑סֶד Gen 39:21 Gen 39:12t.; construct חֶסֶד 1Sa 20:14 1Sa 20:8t.; suffix חַסְדִּי Psalm 59:18 120t. suffixes; plural חֲסָדִים Gen 32:11; construct חַסֵדֵי Isa 55:3 Isa 55:5t. (BaerJes p. 79 Ges§ 93, R, 1. F.); suffix חֲסָדַי Neh 13:14 + 10t. suffixes; (not in H or P).
I. of man:
1 kindness of men towards men, in doing favours and benefits 1Sa 20:15; 2Sa 16:17; Psa 141:5; Pro 19:22; Pro 20:6; ׳ח יהוה 1Sa 20:14 the kindness of ׳י (such as he shews, Thes MV; that sworn to by oath to Yahweh Mich Dathe; shewn out of reverence to Yahweh Th Ke); compare ׳ח אלהים 2Sa 9:3; ׳תּוֺרַתאח Pro 31:26 instruction in kindness, kindly instruction עִמָּדִי חֶסֶד עָשָׂה do or shew kindness (in dealing) with me Gen 20:13; Gen 40:14 (E), 1Sa 20:14; 2Sa 10:2 (עִמִּי in || 1Ch 19:2); with עִם Gen 21:23 (E), Gen 24:12, Gen 24:14; Jos 2:12 (twice in verse); Jdg 1:24 (J), Jdg 8:35; 1Sa 15:6; 2Sa 2:5; 2Sa 3:8; 2Sa 9:1; 2Sa 9:3; 2Sa 9:7, 10:20a = 1Ch 19:2a, 1Ch 19:2b 2Ch 24:22; with עַל 1Sa 20:8 with לְ 1Ki 2:7; ח ׳נשׂא לפני obtain kindness before Est 2:9, Est 2:17; ח ׳היטיב Rth 3:10.
2 kindness (especially as extended to the lowly, needy and miserable), mercy Pro 20:28; Job 6:14; חסד אישׁ merciful man Pro 11:17 (opposed to אַכְזָרִי); ח ׳מַלְכֵּי merciful kings 1Ki 20:31; ח ׳עשׂה Psa 109:16; in this sense usually with other attributes (see also below II.2); || אמת Hos 4:1; Isa 16:5; ׳ח ואמת Pro 3:3; Pro 14:22; Pro 16:6; Pro 20:28; ח ׳עשׂה ואמת Gen 24:49; Gen 47:29; Jos 2:14 (J; RV gives thse under 1); || צדקה Hos 10:12; וח ׳צדקה Pro 21:21; || משׁפט Mic 6:8; ׳ח ומשׁפט Hos 12:7; || חוֺנֵן Psa 109:12; ׳ח ורחמים Zec 7:9; Dan 1:9. — (On Hos 6:4, Hos 6:6 see 3 below)
3 (rarely) affection if Israel to ׳י love to God, piety: ׳ח נְעוּרַיִךְ Jer 2:2 priety of thy youth (|| love of thine espousals to Yahweh); possibly also כַּעֲנַןבֹּֿקֶר חַסְדְּכֶם Hos 6:4 your piety is like a morning cloud (fleeting), and וְלאֹזָֿ֑בַח חָפַצְתִּי חֶסֶד כִּי Hos 6:6 for piety I delight in and not in peace-offering (|| אלהים דעת, compare 1Sa 15:22); — so Wü Now Hi (1Sa 15:4) Che; Ke Hi (1Sa 15:6) al. below 2 (or
1); — חֶסֶד נַנְשֵׁי men of piety Isa 57:1 (|| צַדִּיק); plural pious acts2Ch 32:32; 2Ch 35:26; Neh 13:14.
4 lovely appearance: הַשָֹּׁדֶה כְּצִיץ כָּלחַֿסְדּוֺ Isa 40:6 all its loveliness as the flower of the field (so Thes Hi De Che Di and others; but δόξα ᵐ51Pe 1:24 & gloria ᵑ9 favour an original reading הוֺדוֺ Lo or כְּבֹדוֺ Ew, see BrMP 375; Du הֲדָרוֺ).
II. of God: kindness, lovingkindness in condescendig to the needs of his creatures. He is חַסְדָּם their goodness favour Jon 2:9; חַסְדִּי Psa 144:2; חַסְדִּי אֱלֹהֵי God of my kindness Psalm 59:18; in Psa 59:11 read חַסְדּוֺ אֱלֹהַי my God with his kindness ᵑ9 ᵐ5 Ew Hup De Pe Che Bae; his is the kindness Psalm 62:13; it is with him Psa 130:7; he delights in it Mic 7:18.
1 specifically lovingkindness:
a. in redemption from enemies and troubles Gen 19:19; Gen 39:21 (J), Exo 15:13 (song), Jer 31:3; Ezr 7:28; Ezr 9:9; Psa 21:8; Psa 31:17; Psa 31:22; Psa 32:10; Psa 33:22; Psa 36:8; Psa 36:11; Psa 42:9; Psalm 44:27; Psa 48:10; Psa 59:17; Psa 66:20; Psa 85:8; Psa 90:14; Psa 94:18; Psa 107:8; Psa 107:15; Psa 107:21; Psa 107:31; Psa 143:8; Psa 143:12; Job 37:13; Rth 1:8; Rth 2:20; men should trust in it Psa 13:6; Psalm 52:10; rejoice in it Psa 31:8; hope in it Psa 33:18; Psa 147:11.
b. in preservation of life from death Psa 6:5; Psa 86:13; Job 10:12.
c. in quickening of spiritual life Psa 109:26; Psa 119:41; Psa 119:76; Psa 119:88; Psa 119:124; Psa 119:149; Psa 119:159.
d. in redemption from sin Psa 25:7; Psa 51:3.
e. in keeping the covenants, with Abraham Mic 7:20; with Moses and Israel וְ(הַ)חֶסֶד הַבְּרִית שׁמר keep-eth the covenant and the lovingkindness Deu 7:9, Deu 7:12; 1Ki 8:23 2Ch 6:14; Neh 1:5; Neh 9:32; Dan 9:4; with David and his dynasty 2Sa 7:15 = 1Ch 17:13; 2Sa 22:51 = Psalm 18:51, 1Ki 3:6 (twice in verse) = 2Ch 1:8; Psa 89:29; Psa 89:34; with the wife Zion Isa 54:10.
2 חֶסֶד is grouped with other divine attributes: ואמת חסד kindness (lovingkindness) and fidelity Gen 24:27 (J), Psa 25:10; Psa 41:11; Psa 40:12; Psa 57:4; Psa 61:8; Psa 85:11; Psa 89:15; Psa 115:1; Psa 138:2; ח ׳עשׂה עם ואמת 2Sa 2:6; 2Sa 15:20 (ᵐ5, see Dr); with אֶתֿ Gen 24:49; ח ׳רַב ואמת Exo 34:6 (JE), Psa 86:15; also || אמת Mic 7:20; Psa 26:3; Psa 117:2; || אֱמוּנָה Psa 88:12; Psa 89:3; Psa 92:3; וח ׳אמונה Psa 89:25; ׳ח ואמונה Psa 98:3; || רחמים Psa 77:9; ׳ח ורחמים Jer 16:5; Hos 2:21; Psa 103:4; ׳ח ומשׁפט Jer 9:23; Psa 101:1; || צדקה Psa 36:11; וח ׳טוב Psa 23:6.
3 the kindness of God is
a. abundant: רַבחֶֿסֶד abundant, plenteous in kindness (goodness) Num 14:18 (J), Neh 9:17 (Qr), Joe 2:13; Jon 4:2; Psa 86:5; Psa 103:8 (compare Exo 34:6 J E; Psa 86:15); חַסְדְּךָ רֹב Neh 13:22; Psa 5:8; Psa 69:14; Psa 106:7 (ᵑ9 ᵐ5 Aq Targan, to be preferred to חֲסָדֶיךָ ᵑ0); חֲסָדָו֯ רֹב Lam 3:32; Psa 106:45 (Kt ᵐ5 in both to be preferred).
b. great in extent: חִ ׳נֹּדֶל greatness of thy mercy Num 14:19 (J); ׳נְּדָו֯וֺלחֿ Psa 145:8; it is kept for thousands Exo 34:7 (JE), Jer 32:18, especially of those connected with lovers of ׳י, Exo 20:6 = Deu 5:10; for 1000 Generations Deu 7:9; it is great as the heavens Psa 57:11; Psa 103:11, compare Psa 36:6; Psa 108:5; the earth is full of it Psa 33:5; Psa 119:64.
c. everlasting: חסדוֺ לעולם Jer 33:11; 1Ch 16:34, 1Ch 16:41; 2Ch 5:13; 2Ch 7:3, 2Ch 7:6; 2Ch 20:21; Ezr 3:11; Psa 100:5; Psa 106:1; Psa 107:1; Psa 118:1; Psa 118:2; Psa 118:3; Psa 118:4; Psa 118:29; Psa 136:1 (26 t.); לעולם חסדךָ Psa 138:8; עולם ועד ׳ח מעולם Psa 103:17; ׳ח עולם Isa 54:8; היום ׳ח כּל אל Psa 52:3.
d. good: חַסְדְּךָ כִּיטֿוֺב Psa 69:17; Psa 109:21; מחיים חסדךָ טוב כי Psa 63:4.
4 plural mercies, deeds of kindness, the historic displays of lovingkindness to Israel: shewn to Jacob Gen 32:11 (R); but mostly late Isa 63:7; Psa 25:6; Psa 89:2; חסִדיו כְּרֹב Isa 63:7, see
3a; promised in the Davidic covenant Psalm Isa 89:50; דָוִיד חַסְדֵי mercies to David Isa 55:3; 2Ch 6:42; mercies in General Lam 3:22; Psa 17:7; Psa 107:43f. — חֶסֶד in proper name, masculine ׳בןחֿ see below בֵּן. On Lev 20:17; Pro 14:34 see חֶסֶד below II. חסד.
II. חֶ֫סֶד noun masculine shame, reproach, only absolute: — ׳ח הוּא Lev 20:17 (H) it is a shame (shameful thing); ׳ח חַטָּאת לְאֻמִּים Pro 14:34 sin is a reproach to peoples.