חָמֵשׁ
châmêsh · H2568 · Hebrew · 343 occurrences
Meanings
-
five
State in which a countable entity is five in number
ExamplesGenesis 5:15 Now Mahalalel lived sixty-five years, and fathered Jared.
Genesis 5:21 Now Enoch lived sixty-five years, and fathered Methuselah.
Genesis 5:32 Now after Noah was five hundred years old, Noah fathered Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
-
fifty
State in which a countable entity is fifty in number
ExamplesGenesis 18:28 “Suppose the fifty righteous are lacking five, will You destroy the entire city because of five?” And He said, “I will not destroy it if I find forty-five there.”
Exodus 27:18 “The length of the courtyard shall be a hundred cubits, and the width fifty throughout, and the height five cubits of fine twisted linen, and their bases of bronze.
Exodus 30:23 “Take also for yourself the finest of spices: of liquid myrrh five hundred shekels, and of fragrant cinnamon half as much, 250, and of fragrant cane 250,
How it’s used In 6 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Named alongside itApposition
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- יָתַרto remain 1
- מְנוֹרָהlampstand 1
What is done to itIt is the object
9 occurrences in 6 groups
- הָיָהto be, to become 4
- הָרַגto kill 1
- חָסֵרto lack 1
- לָקַחto take, to receive 1
- נָתַןto give, to put, to set 1
- רוּםto be high, to raise, to lift up 1
What it is said to bePredicate
2 occurrences in 1 groups
- קֶרֶשׁframe, board 2
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
28 occurrences in 11 groups
- פָּקַדto number, to punish 9
- אֹרֶךְlength 6
- צָבָאhost, army 4
- רֹחַבbreadth 4
- Other words · 7 groups that occur once or twice (9) 9
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 1 groups
- בin/on/with 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
5 occurrences in 2 groups
- פָּנִיםface, presence, before 3
- אֹרֶךְlength 2
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- πέντε pénte · G4002 · five
- Greek πέντε is the direct numerical equivalent of Hebrew חָמֵשׁ, both denoting the cardinal number five and its ordinal/compound forms (fifth, fifteen), with identical semantic scope across contexts.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- Quantity002001001046
- חָמֵשׁ denotes the number five (and its ordinal "fifth"), used throughout the Old Testament as an ordinary cardinal or ordinal numeral, as in the patriarchal genealogies of Genesis 5:6-17.
- Frequency002001003009
- The same numeral is used distributively in the idiom "five shekels apiece, per head" (Numbers 3:47), genuinely illustrating a repeated, per-unit sense of frequency or distribution rather than a simple count.
Word family 3 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H2568. chamesh or chamishshah חֲמִשָּׁה חָמֵשׁ,342 noun masculine and feminine five (Late…
or chamishshah חֲמִשָּׁה חָמֵשׁ,342
noun masculine and feminine five (Late Hebrew id.; id.; Aramaic חַמְשָׁא חֲמֵשׁ,, , ; Phoenician חמשת; Palmyrene חמשא, with masculine noun, ReckendZMG 1888, 408; Assyrian —amšu, —amiltu Dl§ 75; Ethiopic Arabic , Sabean & Lihyânian חֿמס DHMZMG xxix, 613; Epigr. Denkm. 71, 73); — masculine (c. noun feminine) absolute חָמֵשׁ Gen 5:6 94t. + Eze 40:30 (strike out ᵐ5B Hi-Sm Co; Co strike out also in Eze 40:25; Eze 40:29; Eze 40:33; Eze 40:36) + Eze 45:3 Kt (where read feminine with Qr); construct חֲמֵשׁ Gen 5:10 67t. + Eze 48:16 Kt; feminine (c.
noun masculine) absolute חֲמִשָּׁה see LagBN 80 Gen 18:28 139t. (including Eze 8:16 strike out B Co and others); construct חֲמֵשֶׁת Num 3:47 (twice in verse) + 26 t.; — on plural חֲמִשִּׁים fifty, see below; — five, in Hexateuch chiefly P; —
1 without other numeral:
a. חָמֵשׁ before feminine plural noun Gen 43:34 35t.; before collective noun ׳ח צאֹן 1Sa 25:18; see also ׳ח בָּאַמָּה five in cubit (s) = five cubits 1Ki 7:23; 1Ch 11:23; 2Ch 4:2; after noun (late) 2Ki 8:16 (לְיוֺרָם חָמֵשׁ בִּשְׁנַת = in the fifth year) + 6 t. Chronicles; no noun expressed 1Ki 7:39 (twice in verse); 1Ki 7:49 (twice in verse); 1Ch 3:20; 2Ch 4:7 (twice in verse).
b. חֲמִשָּׁה before masculine plural noun Gen 47:2 Gen 47:18t.; after noun Exo 36:38 Exo 36:36t. Numbers (all P); no noun expressed Gen 14:9 (only here with article) + 20 t.
c. חֲמֵשׁ before noun (usually defined; except אֲלָפִים מֵאוֺת,, see 3, 4) Exo 26:3, Exo 26:9; Exo 36:10, Exo 36:16 + Eze 42:16 ׳ח אַמּוֺת Kt, but Qr ׳ח מאות, see below
d. חַמְּלָכִים חֲמֵשֶׁת Jos 10:5 Jos 10:5t.; ׳ח הָאֲנָשִׁים Jdg 18:7, Jdg 18:14, Jdg 18:17; ׳ח שׁקלים Num 18:16; also, distributive, ׳ח ׳ח שְׁקָלִים Num 3:47; ׳ח הַסְּרָנִים Jos 13:3; Jdg 3:3; 1Sa 6:18; ׳ח מ ׳בני 2Sa 21:8.
e. = ordinal, ליורם חָמֵשׁ בִּשְׁנַת 2Ki 8:16 the fifth (year) of Joram; לַחֹדֶשׁ בַּחֲמִשָּׁה on the fifth (day) of the month Eze 1:1-2, Eze 8:1; Eze 33:21; (so also 15th, 25th, etc.)
2 ׳ח combined with עשׂרה עשׂר, ten = fifteen:
a. עֶשְׂרֵה חֲמֵשׁ (c. noun feminine) Gen 5:10; Gen 7:20; Exo 27:14-15, Exo 38:14-15, 2Ki 14:17, 2Ki 14:23; 2Ki 20:6; 2Ch 15:10; 2Ch 25:25; Isa 38:5.
b. עָשָׂר חֲמִשָּׁה (c.
noun masculine), (1) after noun Est 9:21; (2) before noun Exo 16:1 ( = ordinal fifteenth, so Lev 23:6 +) Hos 3:2 +.
c. עָשָׂר חֲמֵשֶׁת before noun 2Sa 19:18 +.
d. עָשָׂר חֲמֵשֶׁת, without noun = ordinal fifteenth 1Ch 24:14 1Ch 24:4t. + Eze 45:12 (read חֲמִשִּׁים A Hi Co).
3 מֵאוֺת חֲמֵשׁ = 500 Gen 5:30, Gen 5:32 49t. + Eze 42:16 Qr.
4 אֲלָפִים חֲמֵשֶׁת = 5000 Num 31:32; Jos 8:12; Jdg 20:45; 1Sa 17:5; Eze 45:6; Eze 48:15; 1Ch 29:7; 2Ch 35:9; Ezr 1:11; Ezr 2:69; — in 25, 000, 35, 000 etc. חֲמִשָּׁה (usually without ׳א) precedes the 20, 000, 30, 000, etc.
5 with other numerals:
a. חָמֵשׁ before larger numeral: (1) noun repeated Gen 5:6 Gen 5:4t.; (2) noun with 2nd number only, Gen 5:17 Gen 5:8t. + Eze 45:3 Kt; (3) noun with בְּ with 2nd number Eze 40:21 Eze 40:2t.
b. חָמֵשׁ after larger number: (1) noun repeated Gen 25:7; (2) noun following ׳ח (only) Jdg 14:10 + (especially in expressions of age and duration); (3) noun before both numbers, stative absolute, 2Ch 3:15; stative construct 2Ch 15:19.
c. no noun expressed, ׳ח between other number, e.g. ח מאות ׳שֵׁשׁ ושׁבעים Num 31:37.
d. חֲמִשָּׁה before larger number, noun following larger number Num 1:25 Num 1:22t.
e. ׳ח follows, and (1) is followed by noun Jdg 20:35 Jdg 20:7t.; (2) noun precedes both 1Ki 7:3; Jer 52:30.
f. ׳ח precedes, no noun expressed 1Ki 5:12.
g. ׳ח follows, no noun expr Gen 18:28 +.
h. no noun expressed ׳ח between other number Exo 38:28; Ezr 2:5.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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