חָגַר
châgar · H2296 · Hebrew · 44 occurrences
Thing
Meanings
-
State in which someone wears clothes or armor (to be girded with, to wear (clothes, armor))
ExamplesExodus 12:11 ‘Now you shall eat it in this way: with your garment belted around your waist, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in a hurry—it is the LORD’S Passover.
Judges 18:11 Then from the family of the Danites, from Zorah and from Eshtaol, six hundred men armed with weapons of war set out.
Judges 3:16 Now Ehud made himself a sword which had two edges, a cubit in length, and he strapped it on his right thigh under his cloak.
-
to gird
Causative action by which someone ties a belt or piece of cloth around someone else's waist
ExamplesExodus 29:9 “And you shall wrap their waists with sashes, Aaron and his sons, and fit caps on them, and they shall have the priesthood by a permanent statute. So you shall ordain Aaron and his sons.
Leviticus 8:7 Then he put the tunic on Aaron and wrapped his waist with the sash, and clothed him with the robe and put the ephod on him; and he wrapped his waist with the artistic band of the ephod, with which he fitted it to him.
Leviticus 8:13 Next Moses had Aaron’s sons come near, and he clothed them with tunics and wrapped their waists with sashes, and bound caps on them, just as the LORD had commanded Moses.
-
to get ready, to gird one's loins
Literally: to gird one's loins; hence: action by which humans tuck up their robes and tie a belt around their waist in order to move or work without hindrance, often as an idiom for readiness to act quickly
Examples2 Kings 4:29 Then he said to Gehazi, “Get ready and take my staff in your hand, and go; if you meet anyone, do not greet him, and if anyone greets you, do not reply to him. And lay my staff on the boy’s face.”
2 Kings 9:1 Now Elisha the prophet summoned one of the sons of the prophets and said to him, “Get ready and take this flask of oil in your hand, and go to Ramoth-gilead.
-
Literally: to gird (one's) loins with strength; hence: action by which humans rally their physical strength (to summon (one's) strength)
ExamplesProverbs 31:17 She surrounds her waist with strength And makes her arms strong.
How it’s used In 9 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
41 occurrences in 11 groups
- Not stated: they 8
- Not stated: you (more than one) 7
- Not stated: he, she or it 7
- Not stated: you (one person) 6
- Not stated (participle) 4
- דָּוִדDavid 3
- Other words · 5 groups that occur once or twice (6) 6
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
27 occurrences in 9 groups
- שַׂקsackcloth, sack 10
- חֶרֶבsword 5
- מֹתֶןloins, waist 3
- Other words · 6 groups that occur once or twice (9) 9
Second objectAs in “call him Lord”
2 occurrences in 1 groups
- אַבְנֵטsash 2
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
15 occurrences in 13 groups
- Other words · 13 groups that occur once or twice (16) 16
With adverbsAdverbs
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- לֹאnot 1
- תָּמִידalways 1
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- חֲגוֹרgirdle 1
- שַׂקsackcloth, sack 1
Named alongside itApposition
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- בְּתוּלָהvirgin, young woman 1
- אִישׁman, person, each 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- הָלַלto praise 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- מִןfrom 2
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 3 words
- אָפַד ʼâphad · H640 · to tie around (someone's) waist
- Both words denote actions of fastening or securing garments or items to the body, to gird or to bind.
- אָזַר ʼâzar · H247 · to be girded, to wear, to gird oneself
- Both words denote the action of girding or binding something around oneself, typically garments or weapons.
- חָבַשׁ châbash · H2280 · to be tied, to be wrapped, to wrap
- Both words share the sense of girding or binding in the sphere of clothing; חָגַר means "to gird" or "to put on," and both can describe wrapping or binding garments or objects.
In the other Testament 3 words
- ζώννυμι zṓnnymi · G2224 · to gird, to fasten one’s belt, to tie around the waist
- חָגַר (châgar, H2296) חָגַר denotes the physical act of girding/binding (especially clothing or weapons) as well as metaphorical preparedness, while ζώννυμι (zṓnnymi, G2224) ζώννυμι specifically denotes binding about with a belt or girdle, representing the Greek translation of the core girding sense.
- ἀναζώννυμι anazṓnnymi · G328 · to get one’s mind ready for action, to be ready to learn and to think, to be alert
- Greek ἀναζώννυμι is specifically 're-girding' or 'girding up afresh' (the ἀνα- prefix denoting renewal/repetition), whereas Hebrew חָגַר covers the general action of girding/putting on garments or armor without the iterative nuance.
- περιζώννυμι perizṓnnymi · G4024 · to gird oneself, to be girded, to be tied around
- Greek περιζώννυμι specifically denotes the act of girding/belting around oneself (literally or figuratively), directly rendering the core 'gird' sense of Hebrew חָגַר, which carries broader meanings including 'restrain' and 'be able to put on' but shares the same foundational girding action.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- Dress002003001007
- The verb's core, most frequent use is to gird on a belt or article of clothing about the waist, as Israel is told to eat the Passover "with your garment belted around your waist" (Exodus 12:11), or Aaron and his sons are girded with sashes for their priestly ordination (Exodus 29:9).
- Strong002001001063
- Girding the waist or loins is used idiomatically for bracing oneself with strength and readiness for strenuous action, such as battle or a task requiring vigor.
- Unable002001001065
- In a distinct, weaker sense the verb can describe being restrained or held back, and by extension the paralyzing effect of fear that leaves a person unable to act.
Word family 4 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H2296. chagar [חָגַר] verb gird, gird on, gird oneself (Late Hebrew id., Aramaic חֲגַר;…
[חָגַר] verb gird, gird on, gird oneself (Late Hebrew id., Aramaic חֲגַר; Arabic hinder, restrain, so Syriac ; Assyrian agâru, surround, in derivatives, DlW 105 ff.; Sabean מחגרת (compare Arabic , enclosed space, district, etc.), DHM in MV; also proper name, of deity and location חגר, SabDenkm3. 81. 93 CISiv. 1, No. 49 etc.) —
Qal Perfect3feminine singular חָֽגְרָה Pro 31:17; Pro 31:2masculine singular וְהָגַרְתָּ֫ Exo 29:9; Exo 29:3plural חָֽגְרוּ Isa 15:3; Lam 2:10; ׳וְח consecutive Eze 7:18; Eze 27:31; Imperfect3masculine singular יָחְגֹּר Lev 16:4, וַיַּחְגֹּר Lev 8:7 (twice in verse) + 4 t.; suffix יַחְגְּרֶ֑הָ Psa 109:19; Psa 109:2masculine singular תַּחְגֹּר Psa 76:11 (but on text see below); 3 masculine plural יַחְגְּרוּ Eze 44:18; 2Sa 22:46 (but on text of both see below), וַיַּחְגְּרוּ 1Sa 25:13; 1Ki 20:32; 1Ki 20:3feminine plural תַּחְגֹּרְנָה Psa 65:13; Psa 65:2masculine plural וַתַּחְגְּרוּ Deu 1:41; Imperative masculine singular חֲגֹּר 2Ki 4:29; 2Ki 9:1, חֲגוֺר Psa 45:4; feminine singular חִגְרִיֿ Jer 6:26; masculine plural חִגְרוּ 1Sa 25:13 1Sa 25:3t.; feminine plural חֲגֹּרְנָה Jer 49:3, compare חֲג֖וֺרָה Isa 32:11 (see below); Infinitive cstr. לַחֲגֹר Isa 22:12; Participle act. חֹגֵר 1Ki 20:11; 2Ki 3:21; passive masculine חָגוּר Jdg 18:11 Jdg 18:5t.; feminine construct חֲגֻרַתֿ Joe 1:8; plural חֲגוּרִים Exo 12:11; Jdg 18:16; חֲגֻרִים Dan 10:5; —
1 transitive, gird some one, with girdle; with 2 accusative Exo 29:9; Lev 8:13 (both P); passive, girded with ephod (accusative) 1Sa 2:18; 2Sa 6:14; followed by בְּ Dan 10:5, with accusative and בְּ, figurative Pro 31:17, מתניה בְּעוז חגרה Lev 8:7 (twice in verse) (P), with accusative מתנים gird up thy loins, i.e. make ready to go 2Ki 4:29; 2Ki 9:1, passive Exo 12:11 (P); compare probably also עַלחֲֿלָצָ֑יִם חֲג֖וֺרָה Isa 32:11 gird upon the loins (2nd accusative omitted); on verb. form as Imperative feminine plural see AE Ki Ew§ 226 a Di Du; > as masculine singular Ol§ 234 a Ges§ 48. 5 Sta§ 591 d Kö§ 20. 12.
2 gird on, bind on (= gird oneself with), a girdle Psa 109:19 (in simile); so especially with accusative שׂקים שׂק, of mourning Isa 15:3; Isa 22:12; Lam 2:10; Eze 7:18; Eze 27:31; 2Sa 3:31; Jer 4:8; Jer 6:26; Jer 49:3; also 1Ki 20:32 (with accusative שׂק + ב before מתנים); passive, followed by על before object of mourning Joe 1:8 (simile); absolute (שׂק omitted) Joe 1:13 (|| ספדו); followed by חֶרֶד 1Sa 25:13 (3 t. in verse); Deu 1:41; Psa 45:4 ׳ח יָרֵךְ על חרד, so Jdg 3:16; 1Sa 17:39 (followed by accusative + מֵעַל); with accusative of congnate meaning with verb ׳ח חגורה 2Ki 3:21; absolute 1Ki 20:11; passive Jdg 18:11, Jdg 18:16, Jdg 18:17; 2Sa 20:8b (where read חֶרֶב Klo Dr — not We), 2Sa 21:16; read perhaps also חָגוּר for חֲגוֺר 2Sa 20:8 c, so Klo Dr.
3 intransitive gird oneself, followed by בְּ of thing Lev 16:4 (P), so יַח ׳לֹא בַיָּ֑זַע they shall not gird themselves with sweat (?), but strike out ᵑ6 Co Sgfr; with accusative of thing (figurative) תַּח גְּבָעוֺת ׳גִּיל Psa 65:13 with rejoicing the hills gird themselves; compare תַּחְ חֵמֹת ׳שְׁאֵרִית Psa 76:11 with a remnant (residue) of wraths thou girdest thyself, so Hi Hup De VB; but very doubtful; ᵐ5 Bö Ew read תְּחָגָּ֑ךָ for תַּחגר; Bae Ka omit line as corrupt; compare further Che and critical note — וְיַחְגְּרוּ 2Sa 22:46 is text error for וְיַחְרְגוּ, compare || Psa 18:46; so Now Hup Kit and others
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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