דָּת
dâth · H1881 · Hebrew · 22 occurrences
Meanings
-
law
A rule or directive made and maintained by someone in authority
ExamplesEzra 8:36 Then they delivered the king’s edicts to the king’s satraps and the governors in the provinces beyond the Euphrates River, and they supported the people and the house of God.
Esther 1:8 But the drinking was done according to the royal law; there was no compulsion, for so the king had given orders to each official of his household, that he was to do as each person pleased.
Esther 1:13 Then the king said to the wise men who understood the times—for it was the custom of the king to speak this way before all who knew Persian law and justice
How it’s used In 9 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
11 occurrences in 7 groups
- הוּhis 5
- מֶלֶךְking 2
- יוֹםday, time 1
- מָדַיMadai 1
- פָּרַסPersia 1
- אִשָּׁהwoman, wife 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- נָתַןto give, to put, to set 1
Named alongside itApposition
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- חֹדֶשׁmonth 1
What it doesIt is the subject
10 occurrences in 4 groups
- נָתַןto give, to put, to set 5
- נָגַעto touch 3
- שָׁמַעto hear, to listen, to obey 1
- שָׁנָהto be different 1
What is done to itIt is the object
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- יָדַעto know 1
- נָתַןto give, to put, to set 1
- עָשָׂהto do, to make 1
What it is said to bePredicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- אֶחָדone 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- שְׁתִיָּהdrinking 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
6 occurrences in 2 groups
- כlike/as 7
- בin/on/with 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- יָדַעto know 1
- כָּתָבwriting, script 1
- אֵשׁfire 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- תּוֹרָה tôwrâh · H8451 · teaching, instruction, ruling
- Both words are legal terms with overlapping sense ("law" and "decree, law"), as distinct Hebrew words that can substitute for each other in legal contexts.
- פִּתְגָּם pithgâm · H6599 · statement, decree, report
- Both denote authoritative pronouncements or decrees, overlapping in the sense of a formal legal or royal edict.
In the other Testament 1 word
- νόμος nómos · G3551 · law, ordinance, rule
- Greek νόμος corresponds to Hebrew דָּת as cross-linguistic equivalents both denoting authoritative legal prescription, though νόμος typically references Torah/Mosaic law in LXX/NT contexts while דָּת often appears in Persian imperial decree contexts (especially Esther, Ezra, Daniel).
Semantic domains 1 entry
- Laws002003003016
- דָּת denotes a law, decree, or established legal custom, as at Esther 1:8 — "the drinking was done according to the royal law" — and Esther 1:15 — "According to law, what is to be done with Queen Vashti."
Word family 3 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Also from the root דָּת
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H1881. dath דָּת noun feminineEst 3:15 decree, law, usage, only in Persian period…
דָּת noun feminineEst 3:15 decree, law, usage, only in Persian period (Biblical Aramaic Late Hebrew id., Syriac or ; Persian loan-word, Old Persian dâta, law, SpiegAPK 225) — ׳ד absolute Est 1:8-9t.; construct דַּת Est 2:12, דָּת Est 9:13; suffix דָּתוֺ Est 2:8 Est 2:4t.; plural construct דָּתֵי Ezr 8:36 Ezr 8:2t.; suffix דָּתַיהֶם Est 3:8; —
1 decree, edict, commission of Persian king Ezr 8:36 (word elsewhere only in Esther) Est 2:8 (|| הַמֶּלֶךְ דְּבַר), Est 4:3 (|| id.) Est 8:17 (|| id.) Est 9:1 (|| id.; with עשׂה execute) compare also Est 9:13; with verb נָתַן Est 3:14-15, Est 8:13-14, Est 9:14; written כְּתָבהַֿדָּת Est 4:8 (compare Est 3:14; Est 8:13).
2 law, permanently valid and applicable, יַעֲבוֺר וְלֹא מָּרַסוּֿמָדַי בְּדָתֵי וְיִכָּתֵב Est 1:19 compare Est 1:15; Est 4:11, Est 4:16; וָדִין דָּת יֹדְעֵי Est 1:13 those that understood law and judgment; הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּתֵי Est 3:8; of laws of the Jews in Persia Est 3:8; even of rules for drinking at a feast Est 1:8; for purifying of women Est 2:12. — The distinction between 1 &
2 is not absolute. The king's will was law, and the royal edict (מַלְכוּת דְּבַר) concerning Vashti was reckoned among the laws (דָּתֵי) of the Persians & Medes (Est 1:19). — In Deu 33:2 לָמוֺ דָּת אֵשׁ ᵑ0 fire was a law for them is corrupt; many emendations proposed, compare Di; Di suggests דֹת[לַמִּ] אֵשׁ fire of flames, flaming fire, compare הַלַּמִּידִם Exo 20:18 (but לַמִּדֹת plural in תֹ֯ not in OT unless as proper name), or (better), דֶת[יֹקֶ] אֵשׁ a burning fire, compare Isa 65:5 (different sense).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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