גּוֹי

H1471. goy
גּוֺי561 noun masculineGen 12:2 nation, people (Late Hebrew id. Gentiles, Phoenician גו community, , Sabean גו id., DHMZMG 1883, 348) — ׳ג Gen 12:2 121t.; suffix 1 singular גּוֺיִ Zep 2:9, גּוֺיֶ֑ךָ Psa 106:5, גּוֺיֵךְ Kt Eze 36:13-14, Eze 36:15 (Qr wrongly גּוֺיַיִךְ compare Co, who strike out Eze 36:15); plural גּוֺיִם Gen 10:5 410t. + Qr Gen 25:23; Psa 79:10 (Kt גיים) + 6 t. Ezekiel (variant reading emended Co); construct גּוֺיֵי Gen 18:18 Gen 18:8t., גּוֺיֵ2Ch 32:13; Ezr 6:21 (compare Baer's notes); suffix גּוֺיֵהֶם Gen 10:5, Gen 10:20, Gen 10:31, Gen 10:32; —
1 nation, people Gen 10:5 (twice in verse); Gen 10:20, Gen 10:31, Gen 10:32 (twice in verse) (all P) +; Isa 2:2, Isa 2:4 (twice in verse) = Mic 4:2-3,(twice in verse); Job 12:23 (twice in verse); Job 34:29 ; Pro 14:34; הָאָרֶץ גּוֺיֵי כֹּל Gen 18:18; Gen 22:18; Gen 26:4 (all J); Deu 28:1.
a. specifically of descendants of Abraham, גָּדוֺל גּוֺי Gen 12:2; compare Gen 18:18 (both J), גּוֺיִם Gen 17:6, גּוֺיִם הֲמוֺן Gen 17:4, Gen 17:15 (all P); of Sarah גּוֺיִם Gen 17:16 (P); of Ishmael גּוֺי Gen 21:13, גָּדוֺל גָּוֺי Gen 21:18 (both E), גָּדוֺל גּוֺי Gen 17:20 (P); of Jacob גּוֺיִם וּקְהַל גּוֺי Gen 35:11 (P), גָּדוֺל גּוֺי Gen 46:3 (E); of Ephraim הַגּ ׳מְלֹא Gen 48:19 (J); of Moses גָּדוֺל גּוֺי Exo 32:10 (J) compare Num 14:12 (J) Deu 9:14; of Jacob and Esau as two nations Gen 25:23 (J).
b. definitely of Israel Exo 19:6 (׳גּ קָדוֺשׁ) Exo 33:13 (both J E), Deu 4:6 (הַזֶּה הַגָּדוֺל הַגּוֺי, said by heathen compare Deu 4:7; Deu 4:8) see also Deu 4:34, Deu 26:5 compare Psa 33:12; Psa 83:5 (said by enemies) Jer 31:36; Jer 33:24; Eze 37:22; in narrative Jos 3:17; Jos 4:1; Jos 5:8 (JE), Jos 5:6 (D), Jos 10:13 (in poetry, no article); of Israel and Judah as two nations Eze 35:10 (said by heathen) Eze 37:22; of Judah Isa 26:2, Isa 26:15 (twice in verse); compare Isa 58:2; Isa 60:22; Mic 4:7; once my people Zep 2:9 (|| עַם); thy people Psa 106:5 (i.e. of ׳י), compare also Eze 36:13-14, (read Kt); especially of Israel and (or) Judah as sinful, rebellious Deu 32:28; Jdg 2:20; Isa 1:4; Isa 10:6; Jer 5:9, Jer 5:29; Jer 7:28; Jer 9:8; Jer 12:17; Eze 2:3 (strike out ᵐ5 Co) Hag 2:14; Mal 3:9. — Note. This definite reference to Israel and (or) Judah is comparatively rare; in Hexateuch not P (yet see Gen 17:4-5, Gen 17:6, Gen 17:16; Gen 35:11 P); seldom in exile & post-exile prophets; not Chronicles —
c. usually of non-Hebrew peoples Exo 9:24; Exo 34:10 (JE) Lev 25:44 (H) Num 14:15 (J) Deu 15:6 (twice in verse); 1Ki 5:11; 1Ch 14:17; 1Ch 16:20; Isa 11:10, Isa 11:12 + often; opposed to Israel as י ׳עם 2Sa 7:23; 1Ch 17:21 (twice in verse) etc., see עם, compare also Num 23:9; note especially הַגּוֺיִם גְּלִיל Isaiah 8:23 circle or district of the nations (see גָּלִיל); also הַגּ ׳חֲרשֶׁת Jdg 4:2, Jdg 4:13, Jdg 4:16 Charosheth of the nations, & לְגִלְגָּ֖ל גּוֺיִם מֶלֶךְ Jos 12:23 king of nations (peoples, tribes) belonging to Gilgal (ᵐ5 Di to the district, i.e 'Galilee'); especially of these peoples as heathen: idolatrous Lev 8:24, Lev 8:28 (P) Lev 20:23 (H) 1Ki 14:24; 2Ki 17:8, 2Ki 17:11, 2Ki 17:15, 2Ki 17:26, 2Ki 17:29 (twice in verse); 2Ch 28:3; 2Ch 32:13 +, Ezr 6:21; Eze 5:6 +; hostile Gen 15:14 (J) Lev 26:33, Lev 26:38, Lev 26:45 (H) Deu 4:27; Deu 9:4-5, Deu 18:9; 1Ch 16:35; Jer 5:15; Eze 4:13 +? Jeremiah Ezekiel, etc.; in simile Eze 20:32; Eze 25:8; sometimes || עַם Psa 33:10; Psa 33:12; Isa 11:10; Jer 6:18, see also Isa 2:2, Isa 2:4 compare with Mic 4:1, Mic 4:3.
2 figurative of swarm of locusts Joe 1:6; of all species of beasts Zep 2:14.
3 גּוֺיִם Gen 14:1, Gen 14:9 probably mutilated proper name see below
גּוֺיִם proper name, of a people Gen 14:1, Gen 14:9, in phrase גּוֺיִם מֶלֶךְ תִּדְעָל Tid`al king of Goim; probably a Babylonian (Elamitic, etc.) name corrupted; H. Rawlinson proposes Gutî a people northeast of Babylonia COT on Gen 14:1; also KGF258and elsewhere; compare also DlPa 233 f.
גול see גיל.