ἀφίημι

present 2 person singular ἀφείς (from the form ἀφέω, Rev 2:20 for Rec. ἐᾷς) (3 person plural ἀφίουσιν Rev 11:1 Tdf. editions 2, 7, from a form ἀφιέω; cf. Buttmann, 48 (42)); imperfect 3 person singular ἤφιε, with the augment before the preposition, Mk 1:34; Mk 11:16, from the form ἀφίω; whence also present 1 person plural ἀφίομεν Lk 11:4 L T Tr WH for ἀφίεμεν Rec. and 3 person ἀφίουσιν Rev 11:9 L T Tr WH; (see WH's Appendix, p. 167); future ἀφήσω; 1 aorist ἀφῆκά, 2 person singular ἀφῆκες Rev 2:4 T Tr WH (cf. κοπιάω); 2 aorist imperative ἄφες, ἄφετε, subjunctive 3 person singular ἀφῇ, 2 person plural ἀφῆτε (infinitive ἀφεῖναι (Mt 23:23 L T Tr WH; Lk 5:21 L text T Tr WH)), participle ἀφείς, ἀφέντες; passive, present ἀφίεμαι (yet 3 person plural ἀφιονται Jn 20:23 WH marginal reading etc.; cf. ἀφίω above); perfect 3 person plural ἀφέωνται (a Doric form (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 14, 3 a.; B 49 (42); Kühner, § 285, 4), Mt 9:2, Mt 9:5; Mk 2:5,(9) — in both these Gospels L (except in Mark marginal reading) T Tr WH have restored the present 3 person plural ἀφίενταί; Lk 5:20, Lk 5:23; Lk 7:47 (48); Jn 20:23 L text T Tr text WH text; 1 Jn 2:12); 1 aorist ἀφεθην; future ἀφεθήσομαι; cf. Winers Grammar, § 14, 3; Buttmann, 48 (42); (WHs Appendix, p. 167; Veitch, under the word ἵημι); (from ἀπό and ἵημι); (fr. Homer down); to send from (ἀπό) oneself;
1. to send away;
a. to bid go away or depart: τούς ὄχλους, Mt 13:36 (others refer this to 3 below); τήν γυναῖκα, of a husband putting away his wife, 1 Cor 7:11-13 (Herodotus 5, 39; and a substantive, ἄφεσις, Plutarch, Pomp c. 42, 6).
b. to send forth, yield up, emit: τό πνεῦμα, to expire, Mt 27:50 (τήν ψυχήν, Gen 35:18; Herodotus 4, 190 and often in other Greek writings (see πνεῦμα, 2)), φωνήν to utter a cry (emitterevocem, Livy 1, 58), Mk 15:37 (Gen 45:2 and often in Greek writings; (cf. Heinichen on Eusebius, h. e. 8, 14, 17)).
c. to let go, let alone, let be; α. to disregard: Mt 15:14. β. to leave, not to discuss now, a topic, used of tethers, writers, speakers, etc.: Heb 6:1 (Euripides, Andr. 392; Theophrastus, char. praef. § 3; for other examples from Greek writings see Bleek on Heb. vol. 2:2, p. 144f) (others take the word in Hebrews, the passage cited as expressive of the duty of the readers, rather than the purpose of the writer; and consequently refer the passage to 3 below). γ. to omit, neglect: Mt 23:23 (Lk 11:42 R G); Mk 7:8; Rom 1:27. δ. to let go, give up, a debt, by not demanding it (opposed to κρατεῖν, Jn 20:23), i. e. to remit, forgive: τό δάνειον, Mt 18:27; τήν ὀφειλήν, Mt 18:32; τά ὀφειλήματα, Mt 6:12; τά παραπτώματα, Mt 6:14; Mk 11:25f. (T Tr WH omit Mk 11:26); τάς ἁμαρτίας, τά ἁμαρτήματα, τάς ἀνομίας, Mt 9:2, Mt 9:5; Mt 12:31; Mk 2:5, Mk 2:7; Mk 3:28; Lk 5:20f, 23; Rom 4:7 (from Ps 31:1); 1 Jn 1:9; Jas 5:15 (Isa 22:14; Isa 33:24, etc.); ἡ ἐπίνοια τῆς καρδίας, Acts 8:22, (τήν αἰτίαν, Herodotus 6, 30; τά χρέα, Aelian v. h. 14, 24); absolutely, ἀφιέναι τίνι to forgive one: Mt 12:32; Mt 18:21, Mt 18:35; Mk 4:12; Lk 11:4; Lk 12:10; Lk 17:3; Lk 23:34 (L brackets WH reject the passage).
e. to give up, keep no longer: τήν πρώτην ἀγάπην, Rev 2:4.
2. to permit, allow, not to hinder;
a. followed by a present infinitive (Buttmann, 258 (222)): Mk 10:14; Lk 18:16 ἄφετε ἔρχεσθαι καί μή κωλύετε αὐτά, Mt 13:30; Mk 1:34; Jn 11:44; Jn 18:8. by the aorist infinitive: Mt 8:22; Mt 23:13 (14); Mk 5:37; Mk 7:12, Mk 7:27; Lk 8:51; Lk 9:60; Lk 12:39; Rev 11:9.
b. without an infinitive: Mt 3:15 (ἄφες ἄρτι permit it just now). with an accusative of the person or thing permitted: Mt 3:15 τότε ἀφίησιν αὐτόν, Mk 5:19; Mk 11:6; Mk 14:6; Lk 13:8; Jn 12:7 R G; ; Acts 5:38 (L T Tr WH; R G ἐάσατε); Rev 2:20 (Rec. ἐᾷς).
c. ἀφίημι τίνι τί, to give up a thing to one: Mt 5:40 (ἄφες αὐτῷ καί τό ἱμάτιον).
d. followed by ἵνα: Mk 11:16; Jn 12:7 L T Tr WH, a later construction, cf. Winers Grammar, § 44, 8; Buttmann, 238 (205).
e. followed by the simple hortative subjunctive: Mt 7:4; Lk 6:42 (ἄφες ἐκβάλω); Mt 27:49; Mk 15:36 (ἄφετε ἴδωμεν); Epictetus diss. 1, 9, 15 ἄφες δειξωμεν, 3, 12, 15 ἄφες ἴδω. Cf. Buttmann, 209f (181f); Winer's Grammar, 285 (268).
3. to leave, go away from one; to depart from anyone,
a. in order to go to another place: Mt 22:22; Mt 26:44; Mk 8:13 (Mt 16:4 καταλιπών); Mk 12:12; ; Jn 4:3; Jn 16:28.
b. to depart from one whom one wishes to quit: Mt 4:11; so of diseases departing, ἀφῆκεν τινα ὁ πυρετός, Mt 8:15; Mk 1:31; Lk 4:39; Jn 4:52.
c. to depart from one and leave him to himself, so that all mutual claims are abandoned: τόν πατέρα, Mt 4:22; Mk 1:20; Mt 18:12 (Lk 15:4 καταλείπει). Thus also ἀφιέναι τά ἑαυτοῦ to leave possessions, home, etc.: Mt 4:20; Mt 19:27, Mt 19:29; Mk 1:18; Mk 10:28; Lk 5:11; Lk 18:28f.
d. to desert one (wrongfully): Mt 26:56; Mk 14:50; Jn 10:12.
e. to go away leaving something behind: Mt 5:24; Jn 4:28.
f. to leave one by not taking him as a companion: opposed to παραλαμβάνειν, Mt 24:40f: Lk 17:34f.
g. to leave on dying, leave behind one: τέκνα, γυναῖκα, Mt 22:25; Mk 12:20, Mk 12:22 (Lk 20:31 καταλείπω). h. to leave so that what is left may remain, leave remaining: οὐ μή ἀφεθῇ ὧδε λίθος ἐπί λίθον (or λίθῳ), Mt 24:2; Mk 13:2; Lk 21:6. 1:ἀφιέναι followed by the accusative of a noun or pronoun with an accusative of the predicate (Buttmann, § 144, 18): Lk 10:30 (ἡμιθανῆ); Jn 14:18 (τινα ὀρθανον); Mt 23:38; Lk 13:35 (but Lachmann omits ἔρημος in both passages, WH text omits in Matthew, G T Tr WH omit in Luke; that being omitted, ἀφιέναι means to abandon, to leave destitute of God's help); Acts 14:17 (ἀμάρτυρον ἑαυτόν (L T Tr αὐτόν (WH αὑτόν which see))).