πρόβατον
próbaton · G4263 · Greek · 39 occurrences
Thing
- Sheep, lambMammals319 verses
Meanings
-
sheep
Herbivorous domestic mammal with four legs; Ovis ladicaudata - fat-tailed sheep; used for sacrifice, source of meat, milk, hides, wool, and horns
ExamplesMatthew 7:15 “Beware of the false prophets, who come to you in sheep’s clothing, but inwardly are ravenous wolves.
Matthew 9:36 Seeing the crowds, He felt compassion for them, because they were distressed and downcast, like sheep without a shepherd.
Matthew 10:6 but rather go to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.
-
a person who is like a sheep
(A figurative extension of meaning of πρόβατον ‘sheep,’) A follower of Christ, with the implication of needing care and guidance
ExamplesJohn 10:7 So Jesus said to them again, “Truly, truly I say to you, I am the door of the sheep.
John 10:8 “All those who came before Me are thieves and robbers, but the sheep did not listen to them.
John 10:11 “I am the good shepherd; the good shepherd lays down His life for the sheep.
How it’s used In 8 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
7 occurrences in 4 groups
- ἐγώI, we 3
- οἶκοςhouse, household 2
- ποίμνηflock 1
- σφαγήslaughter 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
9 occurrences in 6 groups
- ἑκατόνone hundred 2
- ἐμόςmy 2
- ἔχωto have 2
- εἷςone 1
- ἴδιοςone’s own 1
- ἄλλοςother, another 1
Named alongside itApposition
4 occurrences in 2 groups
- ἀπόλλυμιto destroy, to perish, to lose 3
- γόμοςload 1
What it doesIt is the subject
6 occurrences in 3 groups
- ἀκούωto hear 3
- διασκορπίζωto scatter 2
- ἀκολουθέωto follow, to come behind, to go behind 1
What is done to itIt is the object
11 occurrences in 9 groups
- ἔχωto have 3
- Other words · 8 groups that occur once or twice (8) 8
What it is said to bePredicate
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- ἴδιοςone’s own 1
- ἄνθρωποςman, person, people 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
6 occurrences in 5 groups
- ὑπέρfor 4
- περίconcerning, about, for 2
- πρόςto, toward, with 2
- εἰςto 1
- ἐκfrom 1
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
5 occurrences in 4 groups
- ποιμήνshepherd, pastor 2
- ἔνδυμαclothing 1
- θύραdoor 1
- αὐλήcourtyard, palace 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 3 words
- צֹאן tsôʼn · H6629 · flock, small cattle, sheep and goats
- Greek πρόβατον denotes specifically sheep as individual quadrupeds or collective flock, while Hebrew צֹאן functions as a collective noun encompassing small cattle generally (sheep and goats together), though predominantly rendered as sheep in Greek translation contexts due to sheep being the prototypical small livestock.
- שֶׂה seh · H7716 · sheep or goat
- שֶׂה (seh, H7716) denotes small livestock broadly (sheep, goats, lambs) as a collective category, while πρόβατον (próbaton, G4263) specifically denotes sheep as the prototypical forward-walking quadruped; the Hebrew term's wider semantic range includes the Greek term's more restricted sheep-specific reference.
- כֶּשֶׂב keseb · H3775 · lamb
- כֶּשֶׂב (keseb, H3775) כֶּשֶׂב denotes specifically a lamb (young sheep), while πρόβατον (próbaton, G4263) πρόβατον encompasses sheep generally regardless of age; the Greek term is semantically broader, with the Hebrew representing a subset by developmental stage.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- A person who is like a sheep11.30
- The noun, used figuratively, describes a person or group as sheep-like, especially in need of a shepherd's care. Matthew's account of Jesus's compassion on the crowds uses this term: “Seeing the crowds, He felt compassion for them, because they were distressed and downcast, like sheep without a shepherd” (Matthew 9:36).
- Sheep4.22
- The same noun, in its ordinary literal sense, names a sheep. Matthew's warning about false prophets uses this term: ““Beware of the false prophets, who come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly are ravenous wolves” (Matthew 7:15).
Word family 2 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon προβάτου, τό (from προβαίνω, properly, 'that which walks forward'), from Homer down, the…
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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