κυρόω

βεβαιόω bebaióō · G950 · to cause to believe, to establish in belief, to confirm

βεβαιόω means 'to confirm, establish, make firm or sure' and is used of legally confirming or validating agreements, covenants, and promises - closely parallel to κυρόω's sense of ratifying or making authoritative. Both convey formal validation, though βεβαιόω emphasizes firmness/security while κυρόω emphasizes authority.

ἀθετέω athetéō · G114 · to not rely on, to set aside, to reject

ἀθετέω means 'to set aside, nullify, declare invalid, reject' - functioning as a lexical opposite to κυρόω. Where κυρόω ratifies and validates, ἀθετέω annuls and invalidates. Both are used in legal/covenantal contexts for opposite actions.

קוּם qûwm · H6965 · to arise, to rise up, to stand up

In its Hiphil stem, קוּם means 'to cause to stand, establish, confirm, ratify' - directly parallel to κυρόω's sense of making authoritative or ratifying agreements/covenants. Both terms are used for formally establishing or confirming legal/covenantal arrangements.

אָמַן ʼâman · H539 · firm, to stand still

In its Piel stem, אָמַן carries the sense of 'to make firm, establish, confirm' - semantically overlapping with κυρόω's notion of ratifying or making authoritative. Both convey the idea of making something secure and binding.

To show something to be real, to make something real70.6

κυρόω describes confirming or validating something as genuine. 2 Corinthians 2:8 states, “Therefore I urge you to reaffirm your love for him,” the κυρῶσαι naming this confirming of love as authentic and real.

To give force to, to validate76.18

The verb can also describe formally ratifying an agreement, giving it binding force. Galatians 3:15 states, “even though it is only a man's covenant, yet when it has been ratified, no one sets it aside or adds conditions to it,” the κεκυρωμένην naming this covenant given binding legal force.

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.