διδάσκω

imperfect ἐδίδασκον; future διδάξω; 1 aorist ἐδίδαξα; 1 aorist passive ἐδιδάχθην; (ΔΑΩ (cf. Vanicek, p. 327)); (from Homer down); the Sept. for הודִיעַ, הורָה, and especially for לִמַּד; to teach;
1. absolutely,
a. to hold discourse with others in order to instruct them, deliver didactic discourses: Mt 4:23; Mt 21:23; Mk 1:21; Mk 6:6; Mk 14:49; Lk 4:15; Lk 5:17; Lk 6:6; Jn 6:59; Jn 7:14; Jn 18:20, and often in the Gospels; 1 Tim 2:12.
b. to be a teacher (see διδάσκαλος, 6): Rom 12:7.
c. to discharge the office of teacher, conduct oneself as a teacher: 1 Cor 4:17.
2. in construction;
a. either in imitation of the Hebrew לְ לִמַּד (Job 21:22) or by an irregular use of the later Greeks (of which no well-attested example remains except one in Plutarch, Marcell c. 12), with the dative of person: τῷ Βαλάκ, Rev 2:14 (according to the reading now generally accepted for the Rec.bez elz τόν Βαλάκ); cf. Buttmann, 149 (130); Winers Grammar, 223 (209), cf. 227 (213).
b. according to the regular use, with the accusative of person, to teach one: used of Jesus and the apostles uttering in public what they wished their hearers to know and remember, Mt 5:2; Mk 1:22; Mk 2:13; Mk 4:2; Lk 5:3; Jn 8:2; Acts 4:2; Acts 5:25; Acts 20:20; τούς Ἕλληνας, to act the part of a teacher among the Greeks, Jn 7:35; used of those who enjoin upon others to observe some ordinance, to embrace some opinion, or to obey some precept: Mt 5:19; Acts 15:1; Heb 8:11; with especially reference to the addition which the teacher makes to the knowledge of the one he teaches, to impart instruction, instill doctrine into one: Acts 11:26; Acts 21:28; Jn 9:34; Rom 2:21; Col 3:16; 1 Jn 2:27; Rev 2:20.
c. the thing taught or enjoined is indicated by a following ὅτι: Mk 8:31; 1 Cor 11:14; by a following infinitive, Lk 11:1; Mt 28:20; Rev 2:14; περί τίνος, 1 Jn 2:27; ἐν Χριστῷ διδαχθῆναι, to be taught in the fellowship of Christ, Eph 4:21; followed by an accusative of the thing, to teach i. e. prescribe a thing: διδασκαλίας, ἐντάλματα ἀνθρώπων, precepts which are commandments of men (from Isa 29:13), Mt 15:9; Mk 7:7 (Buttmann, 148 (129)); τήν ὁδόν τοῦ Θεοῦ, Mt 22:16; Mk 12:14; Lk 20:21; ταῦτα, 1 Tim 4:11; ἅ μή δεῖ, Tit 1:11; to explain, expound, a thing: Acts 18:11, Acts 18:25; Acts 28:31; ἀποστασίαν ἀπό Μωϋσέως, the necessity of forsaking Moses, Acts 21:21.
d. with the accusative of person and of thing, to teach one something (Winers Grammar, 226f (212); Buttmann, 149 (130)): (ἐκεῖνος ὑμᾶς διδάξει πάντα, Jn 14:26); τοῦ διδάσκειν ὑμᾶς τινα τά στοιχεῖα, Heb 5:12 (where R G T Tr and others read — not so well — τινα; (but cf. Buttmann, 260 (224) note, 268 (230) note)); ἑτέρους διδάξαι, namely, αὐτά, 2 Tim 2:2; hence, passive διδαχθῆναι τί (Buttmann, 188 (163); Winer's Grammar, 229 (215)): Gal 1:12 (ἐδιδάχθην, namely, αὐτό), 2 Thess 2:15.