שָׂעִיר
sâʻîyr · H8163 · Hebrew · 59 occurrences
Thing
- GoatMammals128 verses
Meanings
-
he-goat
A fairly small male domestic animal, usually black with floppy ears, hooves, and long hair, kept in a flock with sheep, raised for its hair, often used for sacrifices, and a clean animal that may be eaten
ExamplesGenesis 37:31 So they took Joseph’s tunic, and slaughtered a male goat, and dipped the tunic in the blood;
Leviticus 4:23 if his sin which he has committed is made known to him, he shall bring as his offering a goat, a male without defect.
Leviticus 4:24 ‘And he shall lay his hand on the head of the male goat and slaughter it in the place where they slaughter the burnt offering before the LORD; it is a sin offering.
-
goat-demon, satyr
Supernatural beings shaped like goats
ExamplesLeviticus 17:7 “And they shall no longer offer their sacrifices to the goat demons with which they play the prostitute. This shall be a permanent statute to them throughout their generations.”’
2 Chronicles 11:15 He set up priests of his own for the high places, for the satyrs and the calves which he had made.
Isaiah 13:21 But desert creatures will lie down there, And their houses will be full of owls; Ostriches also will live there, and shaggy goats will frolic there.
-
hairy
State in which someone has a lot of body hair
ExamplesGenesis 27:11 But Jacob said to his mother Rebekah, “Behold, my brother Esau is a hairy man and I am a smooth man.
Genesis 27:23 And he did not recognize him, because his hands were hairy like his brother Esau’s hands; so he blessed him.
How it’s used In 8 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
40 occurrences in 2 groups
- עֵזgoat, goat's hair 28
- חַטָּאָהsin, sin offering 12
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
37 occurrences in 6 groups
- אֶחָדone 27
- שְׁנַיִםtwo 4
- חַיalive, living 2
- עָלָהto go up 2
- זָנָהto commit fornication, to play the harlot 1
- בּוֹאto come, to go in, to bring 1
Named alongside itApposition
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- זָכָרmale, man 1
- צָפִירhe-goat 1
- תָּמִיםwithout defect, blameless, whole 1
What it doesIt is the subject
5 occurrences in 5 groups
- נָשָׂאto lift up, to carry, to bear 1
- עָמַדto stand 1
- עָשָׂהto do, to make 1
- קָרָאto call, to cry out 1
- רָקַדto dance 1
What is done to itIt is the object
18 occurrences in 10 groups
- לָקַחto take, to receive 4
- קָרַבto come near, to offer 3
- Other words · 8 groups that occur once or twice (11) 11
What it is said to bePredicate
13 occurrences in 1 groups
- חַטָּאָהsin, sin offering 13
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
3 occurrences in 2 groups
- לto/for 3
- עַלon, upon, over, against 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
4 occurrences in 2 groups
- רֹאשׁhead, top, chief 3
- דָּםblood 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- ἔριφος ériphos · G2056 · kid, he-goat, goat
- שָׂעִיר (sâʻîyr, H8163) שָׂעִיר denotes both young goats (kids) and hairy he-goats, overlapping with ἔριφος (ériphos, G2056) ἔριφος specifically in the 'young goat/kid' sense; the Greek term is more consistently juvenile/diminutive in register, while the Hebrew lemma spans a broader age range and carries additional figurative/cultic extensions (satyrs, demons) not present in the Greek equivalent.
Semantic domains 4 entries
- Domestic Animals001001002002
- This noun denotes a male goat, as in Genesis 37:31's account of Joseph's brothers slaughtering a male goat and dipping his tunic in its blood.
- Deities001001001
- שָׂעִיר (sâʻîyr, H8163) means "male goat" or, as an adjective, "hairy." The quotation "my brother Esau is a hairy man and I am a smooth man" at Genesis 27:11 shows this sense, which does not independently attest the "Deities" domain; that classification is bundle-shared with שָׂעִיר (sâʻîyr, H8164) in the source data and is not confirmed by this lexeme's own occurrences.
- Shape002001001052
- The word also describes a hairy or rough physical appearance, as in Genesis 27:11's description of Esau as a hairy man in contrast to the smooth Jacob.
- Rain001002005011
- שָׂעִיר (sâʻîyr, H8163) means "male goat" or, as an adjective, "hairy." The quotation "my brother Esau is a hairy man and I am a smooth man" at Genesis 27:11 shows this sense, which does not independently attest the "Rain" domain; that classification is bundle-shared with שָׂעִיר (sâʻîyr, H8164) in the source data and is not confirmed by this lexeme's own occurrences.
Word family 10 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H8163. sa 'iyr I. שָׂעִר adjective hairy; — masculine singular שׂ ׳אִישׁ Gen 27:11;…
'iyr I. שָׂעִר adjective hairy; — masculine singular שׂ ׳אִישׁ Gen 27:11; feminine plural שְׂעִרֹת יָדָיו Gen 27:33 (J).
II. שָׂעִיר53 noun masculineNum 15:24 he-goat, buck (hairy one; Late Hebrew id.); — absolute ׳שׂ Lev 4:24 +, construct שְׂעִיר Num 7:16 +; plural שְׂעִירִם Lev 16:7-8, construct שְׂעִירֵי Lev 16:5; Num 7:87; — he-goat, usually שְׂעִיר(ֿ)עִזִּים buck of goats (see עֵז p. 777): Gen 37:31 (J), Eze 43:22; Eze 45:23; Lev 4:23; Lev 9:3; Lev 23:19-20t. Numbers (all P); ע ׳שְׂעִירֵי Lev 16:5; Num 7:87 (P); ׳שׂ alone = he-goat Lev 4:24 Lev 4:11t. Leviticus 16 (P); (הַ)חַטָּאת שְׂעִיר he-goat for sin-offering Eze 43:25; Lev 9:15 Lev 9:9t. Leviticus, Numbers; הַח ׳שְׂעִירֵי2Ch 29:23; in Dan 8:21 ׳הַשּׂ is probably gloss to הַצָּפִיר (compare Dr).
III. שָׂעִיר noun masculine satyr, demon (with he-goat's form, or feet; Late Hebrew id.; compare BaudStud. i. 136 ff.; hairy demons WeSkizzen iii. 135; Heid. 152 RSSemitic 113, 423: 2nd ed. 120, 441); absolute ׳שׂ Isa 34:14 inhabiting desolate ruins, so plural שְׂעִירִים Isa 13:21; name for idols 2Ch 11:15 and (שְׂעִירִם) Lev 17:7 (H); probably also הַשּׂ ׳בָּמוֺת 2Ki 23:8 (הַשְּׁעָרִים ᵑ0) HoffmZAW ii (1882), 175 SS Kmp Klo Kit Benz Bur.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 4 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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