שַׁמָּה
shammâh · H8047 · Hebrew · 39 occurrences
Meanings
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desolation
State in which an area has become empty as a result of destruction and depopulation
ExamplesIsaiah 5:9 In my ears the LORD of armies has sworn, “Many houses shall certainly become desolate, Even great and fine ones, without occupants.
Isaiah 13:9 Behold, the day of the LORD is coming, Cruel, with fury and burning anger, To make the land a desolation; And He will exterminate its sinners from it.
Isaiah 24:12 Desolation is left in the city And the gate is battered to ruins.
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horror
Literally: desolation; hence: causative process by which tragic circumstances cause humans to be in deep shock
ExamplesDeuteronomy 28:37 “And you will become an object of horror, a song of mockery, and an object of taunting among all the peoples where the LORD drives you.
2 Kings 22:19 since your heart was tender and you humbled yourself before the LORD when you heard what I spoke against this place and against its inhabitants, that they would become an object of horror and a curse, and you have torn your clothes and wept before Me, I have indeed heard you,’ declares the LORD.”
2 Chronicles 29:8 “Therefore the wrath of the LORD was against Judah and Jerusalem, and He has made them an object of terror, of horror, and of hissing, as you see with your own eyes.
How it’s used In 5 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Named alongside itApposition
3 occurrences in 4 groups
- אֶרֶץland, earth, ground 2
- מַרְבֵּץresting place (for animals) 1
- עֲרָבָהplain, Arabah, desert 1
- שְׁרוּקָהhissing 1
What it doesIt is the subject
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- הָיָהto be, to become 1
- חָזַקto be strong, to strengthen 1
- שָׁאַרto remain 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- שׂוּםto put, to set, to place 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
34 occurrences in 1 groups
- לto/for 56
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- כּוֹסcup 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- ἀφανισμός aphanismós · G854 · to cease to exist, to disappear, to die
- Greek ἀφανισμός emphasizes the process or result of making something vanish or disappear (figuratively extended to abrogation), while Hebrew שַׁמָּה focuses on the state of desolation, devastation, or horror-inducing ruin that results from destructive judgment.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- Non-Contain002002001004
- This noun denotes a state of desolation or emptiness, as in Deuteronomy 28:37's warning that Israel will become an object of horror and desolation among all the peoples where the LORD scatters them.
- Grieve002001002013
- The noun also denotes the dismay or horror provoked in onlookers, as in 2 Chronicles 29:8's description of Judah and Jerusalem becoming an object of terror, of horror, and of hissing.
- Names of People003001007
- שַׁמָּה (shammâh, H8047) is a common noun meaning "desolation, horror, astonishment," as in occurrences glossed "desolation"/"a horror." This sense does not independently attest the "Names of People" domain; that classification is bundle-shared with שַׁמָּה (Shammâh, H8048) in the source data and is not confirmed by this lexeme's own occurrences.
Word family 8 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H8047. shammah I. שַׁמָּה noun feminine waste, appalment (24 t. Jeremiah); — absolute ׳שׁ…
I. שַׁמָּה noun feminine waste, appalment (24 t. Jeremiah); — absolute ׳שׁ Jer 5:30 +; plural absolute שַׁמּוֺת Psa 46:9; —
1 a waste, of land, city, etc., Hos 5:9; Isa 5:9; Isa 13:9; Isa 24:12; Zec 7:14; Jer 2:15; Jer 4:7; Jer 18:16; Jer 19:8; Jer 46:19; Jer 48:9; Jer 50:3; Jer 51:29, Jer 51:43, vine Joe 1:7; person Psa 73:19; שׁ ׳כּוֺם וּשְׁמָמָה Eze 23:33.
2 appalment, horror, i.e. occasion of it; of people land etc., Deu 28:37; 2Ki 22:19; Mic 6:16; Zep 2:15; Jer 5:30; Jer 25:9, Jer 25:11, Jer 25:18, Jer 25:38; Jer 29:18; Jer 44:12, Jer 44:22; Jer 49:13, Jer 49:17; Jer 50:23; Jer 51:37, Jer 51:41; 2Ch 29:8; 2Ch 30:7; ׳שׁ ׳הֶחֱזִָק֑תְנִ Jer 8:21.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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