Word

שׁוּף

shûwph · H7779 · Hebrew · 4 occurrences

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Meanings

to strike, to crush, to wound

Causative action by which animals, humans and, by extension, deities cause serious physical damage to the body of a human being or animal

Examples
Genesis 3:15 And I will make enemies Of you and the woman, And of your offspring and her Descendant; He shall bruise you on the head, And you shall bruise Him on the heel.”
Job 9:17 “For He bruises me with a storm And multiplies my wounds without cause.
to cover, to hide

Causative action by which darkness covers an object, so that it is no longer visible

Examples
Psalm 139:11 If I say, “Surely the darkness will overwhelm me, And the light around me will be night,”

How it’s used In 3 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

4 occurrences in 4 groups

הוּאhe, she, it 1
חֹשֶׁךְdarkness 1
אַתָּהyou 1
Not stated: he, she or it 1

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

4 occurrences in 3 groups

נִיme 2
ךָּyou 1
וֹhim 1

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

1 occurrences in 1 groups

בin/on/with+ שְׂעָרָהstorm 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 2 words

שָׁבַר shâbar · H7665 · to break, to shatter, to maul: שָׁבַר shares the 'break' sense with שׁוּף but typically denotes a more complete breaking or shattering, whereas שׁוּף can focus on bruising or crushing without complete destruction.
דָּכָא dâkâʼ · H1792 · to crush: דָּכָא shares the sense of crushing or bruising impact with שׁוּף, though דָּכָא often carries connotations of being beaten down or humbled, while שׁוּף focuses more on the physical act of striking or bruising.

Contrasting words 1 word

רָפָא râphâʼ · H7495 · to heal, to be healed: רָפָא 'heal' stands as a lexical opposite to שׁוּף 'bruise/break' in the sense that healing reverses or repairs the injury caused by bruising or breaking.

Semantic domains 2 entries

Impact002001001024: The verb describes a crushing or striking blow, as in Genesis 3:15's "he shall bruise you on the head, and you shall bruise Him on the heel" and Job 9:17's "He bruises me with a storm."
Cover002003001005: The word can also describe being overwhelmed or covered over, reflected in the related image of darkness that "will overwhelm" in Psalm 139:11 — enveloping rather than merely striking.

Word family 2 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

שׁוּףshûwph · H7779שְׁפִיפֹן shᵉphîyphôn · H8207 · viper · 1×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H7779. shuph [שׁוּף] verb bruise (Late Hebrew id., Aramaic שְׁפַף שׁוּף,, rub off, away,…

H7779. shuph
[שׁוּף] verb bruise (Late Hebrew id., Aramaic שְׁפַף שׁוּף,, rub off, away, grind (Exo 32:20 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 for טָחַן); see especially DrGn; > Di and others think || form of I. שׁאף); —
Qal Imperfect3masculine singular + 2 masculine singular עָקֵב תְּשׁוּפֶנּוּ וְּאַתָּה ראֹשׁ יְשׁוּפְךָ הוּא Gen 3:15; יְשׁוּפֵנִי אֲשֶׁרבִּֿשְׂעָרָה Job 9:17; יְשׁוּפֵנִי השֶׁךְ אַךְ Psa 139:11 meaning unsuitable, read perhaps with Ew and others יְשׂוּבֵּנִי cover, screen, me.
שׁוֺפַךְ see שׁוֺבַךְ. שׁוּפָמִי see שְׁפוּפָם below שׁפף.
I. שׁוּק (√ of following, meaning dubious; Arabic is drive beast etc., carry on affairs; Ethiopic sustain; compare Arabic leg, especially shank, Aramaic שׁוֺקָא leg (rare), leg, thigh; connection dubious with Assyrian su‡u, street, Aramaic שׁוּקָא, , street, market-place (whence Arabic loan-word according to Frä187; but then = שׁ?), Palmyrene שוק id., Lzb373).

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 2 entries

Impact2 occurrences Cover1 occurrence

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0