שָׁבַע

H7650. shaba
[שָׁבַע]186 verb swear (probably, so to say, seven oneself, or bind oneself by seven things, compare Thes (as alternative), Gerb108ff; Late Hebrew Niph`al= Biblical Hebrew; שְׁבַע ᵑ7 Ithpe`el, Aph`el; see also DrGen 21:28 KöHast. DB NUMBER, 565 RSSemitic i. 166, 2nd ed., 182 WeReste Arabic Heid. 2, 186); —
Qal (according to Thes Rob Ges) Passive participle שְׁבֻעוֺת שְׁבֻעֵי Eze 21:28 those sworn with (= who have sworn) oaths; both from שְׁבוּעָה, according to Krae, oaths of oaths (the most sacred); ᵑ6 ᵐ5 Co omitted; both from שָׁבוּעַ, Ew Sm ׳שׁ ׳שָׁ weeks on weeks (plenty of time).
Niph`al Perfect, 3 masculine singularנִשְׁבַּע Gen 24:7, + etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularיִשָּׁבַע Leviticus 5:24 +, וַיִּשָּׁ֫בַע Gen 24:9 +; 2 masculine singular תִּשֶּׁבֵ֑עַ Deu 6:13; Deu 10:20; Deu 10:1singular אִשָּׁב֑עַ Gen 21:24, וָאֶשָּׁ֫בַע 1Ki 2:8; Eze 16:8, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הַשָּֽׁבְעָה Gen 21:23 +, etc.; Infinitive abs הִשָּׁבֵע Num 30:3, הִשָּׁבֵעַ Jer 7:9; construct הִשָּׁבֵעַ Jer 12:16 (twice in verse) + 1Sa 20:17 see infra; Participle נִשְׁבָּע Zec 5:3 +, etc.; — swear, take an oath:
1 subj man : a. in asseveration, absolute Gen 21:24, Gen 21:31 (E), Jdg 21:1, Jdg 21:18; 2Sa 21:2 +; also followed byוַיּאֹמֶר 1Sa 20:3; 1Ki 1:29, followed by לֵאמֹר 2Sa 3:35; Jos 14:9 (D); with accusative of congnate meaning with verb Num 30:3 (P; || נָדַר); + לַשֶּׁקֶר Jer 5:2; Jer 7:9; Leviticus 5:24 (P; + עַל of thing), Mal 3:5 + ׳עלשֿׁ Leviticus 5:22 (P); + לְמִרְמָה Psa 24:4; followed by infinitive Lev 5:4 (P), Psa 15:4; Psa 119:106; + ל person take an oath to, Jos 6:22 (JE), Jos 9:20 (P; accusative of congnate meaning with verb) Gen 24:9 (+ הַזֶּה עַלהַֿדָּבָר +, so also 1Sa 20:17 (read אֶלֿ לְהִשָּׁבֵעַ for ᵑ9 ᵐ5 אֶתֿ, לְהַשְׁבְּיעַ Th We Dr and others); oath allegiance (׳לי) Isa 19:18; Isa 45:23; Zep 1:5; 2Ch 5:14, compare(absolute) 2 Chronicles 5:15 (Jos 23:7 see
Hiph`il); also sq וַיּאֹמֶר 2Ki 25:24, followed by לֵאמֹר 2Sa 21:17; 1Ki 1:13; Jer 40:9; followed byמֶּן = that not Jdg 15:12, followed by אִם = id. 1Ki 1:51; + אֶל person followed by לֵאמֹר Jer 38:16; + ׳בי by ׳י, followed by infinitive Jdg 21:7; + י ׳בְּשֵׁם 1Sa 20:42; Isa 48:1, compare Gen 31:53 (E), Deu 6:13; Deu 10:20; Jer 12:16 (+ ׳חַייֿ), Isa 65:16; Zec 5:4 (לַשָּׁ֑קֶר), Lev 19:12 (id.), Psalm 63:12; Dan 12:7; ׳בי followed by אִם 2Sa 19:8; + ל person with ׳בי Jos 9:18-19, (P; pledge faith), followed byלֵאמֹר 1Sa 28:10; 1Ki 11:30; 1Ki 2:8, 1Ki 2:23, followed by כִּי of object clause Jos 2:12 (JE), 1Ki 1:17; + ל person with ׳בא, followed by אִם Gen 21:23 (E), 1Sa 30:15; as verb of quotation + object ׳חַייֿ Hos 4:15; Jer 4:2; 1Sa 19:6 (+ אִם), + אִם in oratio recta [direct speech] Psa 132:2 (|| נָדַר); also אֱלֹהִים כְּלֹא Jer 5:7, בַּבָּ֑עַל Jer 12:16, בְּמַלְכָּם Zep 1:3, compare Amo 8:14 (+ וְאָמַר).
b. imprecate, curse, בִּי by me Psalms; Psa 102:9 (compare שְׁבוּעָה 1.b קְלָלָה).
2 subject ׳י: swear, with בִּי by myself Gen 22:16 (JE), Jer 22:5 (clause כִּי), Jer 49:13 (id.), Isa 45:23 (id.), with בְּקָדְשׁוֺ Amo 4:2 (id.), compare Psa 89:36 (|| אֲכַזֵּב אִם), compare also Amo 6:8; Amos 8:17; Jer 44:26; Jer 51:14; Isa 62:8; swear, followed by infinitive Deu 1:35; Deu 4:21; Jos 21:41 (van d. H. Baer; Jos 21:43 Gi), followed by מִן infinitive= not to Isa 54:9 (twice in verse) followed by אִם Psa 90:10, followed by לֵאמֹר Deu 1:34; Isa 14:24; Num 32:10(P); followed by oratio recta [direct speech] Psa 110:4; with ל person take an oath to, Gen 24:7(J), Exo 13:11 (J), Deu 2:14 Deu 2:7t. Deuteronomy (accusative of congnate meaning with verbDeuteronomy 7:8; verbDeuteronomy 9:5), Eze 16:8 (|| בִבְרִית בּוֺא, Psa 89:4 (|| בְּרִית כָּרַת), Psa 89:50 (בֶּאֱמוּנָתֶ֑ךָ), +; ל person + infinitive (usually to give land Exo 13:5 (J), Deu 1:8-9t. Deuteronomy; Jos 1:6; Jos 5:6 (twice in verse) (all RD), Jer 11:5 (+ accusative of congnate meaning with verb), Jer 32:22; ל person + accusative of thing (usually land) = promise by oath to Gen 50:24; Exo 33:1; Num 11:12 (all J), Num 14:16, Num 14:23 (JE), Num 32:11 (P), Jdg 2:1; Mic 7:20; Deu 6:18+ 8 t. Deuteronomy (object covenant Deu 4:31; Deu 8:18); ל person omitted Deu 31:21.
Hiph`il Perf.3masculine singular הִשְׁבִּיעַ Exo 13:19 +, 1 singular הִשְׁבַּעְתִּי Son 2:7 +, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular וַיַּשְׁבַּע Gen 50:25 +, suffix וַיַּשְׁבִּעֵנִי Gen 24:37, etc.; Infinitive absolute הַשְׁבֵּעַ Exo 13:19; 1Sa 14:28; construct הַשְׁבִּיעַ 1Sa 14:27 (1Sa 20:17 see
Niph`al); Participle suffix מַשְׁבִּיעֶ֑ךָ 1Ki 22:16; 2Ch 18:15; —
1 cause to take an oath, subject always man: with accusative of person Gen 50:6 (J), + 1Sa 14:27; 1Ki 18:10; 2Ki 11:4, + accusative of cognate meaning Jos 2:17, Jos 2:20 (J), לֵאמֹר Gen 24:37; Gen 50:5 (both J), Gen 50:25 (E), Jos 6:26 (J; accusative of person omitted), so (Infinitive absolute + Perfect) Exo 13:19 (JE), 1Sa 14:28, + וְאָמַר Num 5:19 and (with accusative of congnate meaning with verb) Num 5:21 (both P), + infinitive clause Neh 5:12; Ezr 10:5; + ׳בי by ׳י Gen 24:3 (J; clause אֲשֶׁר), 1Ki 2:42 (|| בְּךָ וָאָעִד, + לֵאמֹר, compare Jos 23:7 (RD; but read perhaps
Niph`al תִּשָּֽׁבְעוּ Gr and others; ᵐ5 strike out), Neh 13:25 (clause אִם, oratio recta), 2Ch 36:13.
2 adjure, with accusative of person 1Ki 22:16; 2Ch 18:15 (both + clause אֲשֶׁר); elsewhere only Canticles: Son 5:9, with clause מַהֿ interrogative Son 5:8, with clause אִם that not Son 2:7; Son 3:5 (both + ב of oath), = clause מַהֿ Son 8:4 (see מָה
2a (b)). — 1Sa 20:17 see
Niph`al