רָעָה

H7462. ra
'ah I. רָעָה167 verb pasture, tend, graze (Assyrian rê°û, verb pasture, noun ruler, Tel Amarna ru—i (as Canaanism) WklNo. 181, 11; Arabic , Ethiopic Aramaic רְעָא, , all = Biblical Hebrew); —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular consecutive וְרָעָה Mic 5:3 +, 1 singular suffix consecutive זּרְעִיתִים Eze 34:13, Eze 34:3plural suffix consecutive וְרָעוּם Jer 23:4, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יִרְעֶה Isaiah 27:20 +, jussive יֵ֫רַע Job 20:26, suffix יִרְעֶנָּה Psa 80:14, וַיִרְעֵם Psa 78:72 (׳וַיַּר
Hiph`il van d. H.), etc.; Imperative masculine singular רְעֵה Mic 7:14 +, suffix רְעֵם Psa 28:9; feminine singular רְעִי Son 1:8; masculine plural רְעוּ Gen 29:7; Infinitive construct לִרְעוֺת Gen 37:12 +, etc.; Participle רֹעֶה Gen 30:36 +, suffix רֹעִי Psa 23:1 +; feminine singular רֹעָה Gen 29:9; Pro 25:19, etc.; —
1 transitive
a. pasture, tend (pascere), literal, with accusative צאֹן Gen 30:31, Gen 30:36; Gen 37:12 (all J), Exo 3:1 (E), 1Sa 17:15; 1Sa 25:16; Isa 61:5, accusative of asses Gen 36:24 (P), kids Son 1:8; accusative (צאֹן) omitted Gen 29:7; Gen 37:13 (ב location) Gen 37:16 (all J), Son 1:7 (|| הִרְבִּיץ), Job 24:2 (ᵐ5 Me Siegf Bu וְרֹעוֺ); — metaphor יִרְעֵם לֹא וָיֶקֶב גֹּרֶן Hos 9:2, but read ᵐ5 יֵדָעֵם We Now GASm; יִרְעֵם מָוֶת Psa 49:15.
b. figurative of ׳י, accusative of person, Gen 48:15 (E) God, who shepherded me; with accusative of people, as flock Hos 4:16; Isa 40:11; Mic 7:14 (בְּשִׁבְטֶ֑ךָ), Eze 34:13 (pregnantly, with אֶל location), Eze 34:14; Eze 34:15 (+ הִרְבִּיץ), Eze 34:16; Psa 28:9.
c. figurative of ruler, and teacher, accusative of people, as flock, 2Sa 5:2 = 1Ch 11:2; 2Sa 7:1 = 1Ch 17:6; Psa 78:72; Jer 3:15; Jer 23:2, Jer 23:4; Eze 34:2-3, Eze 34:8, Eze 34:10, Eze 34:23 (twice in verse); Zec 11:4, Zec 11:7 (twice in verse); Zec 11:9; of teaching, צַדִּיק שִׂפְתֵי רַבִּים יִרְעוּ Pro 10:21; with ב of people Psa 78:71; absolute Mic 5:3; with accusative of person reflexive pastured (fed, enriched) themselves Eze 34:2, Eze 34:8, Eze 34:10.
d. especially participle רֹעֶה, etc., as substantive = shepherd, herdsman: (I) literal, רֹעֵה צאֹן Gen 4:2; Gen 46:32, Gen 46:34; Gen 47:3 (all J), בַּצּ ׳רֹעֶה Gen 37:2 (E), 1Sa 16:11; 1Sa 17:34; מִקְנֶה רֹעֵי Gen 13:7 (twice in verse) (J); ׳(ה)ר alone, singular Amo 3:12 Amo 3:7t. (all in simile); רֹעָה shepherdess, Gen 29:9 (J); אֱוִילִי רֹעֶה כְּלִי Zec 11:15 (see כְּלִי 2c), as symbol; plural (הָ)רֹעִים Amo 1:2; Exo 2:17, Exo 2:19 (J) 1Sa 21:8 (הָר ׳אַבִּיר; Gr Dr Bu Kit Löhr ׳א חָרָצִים; ᵐ5 LagBN 45 HPS הָעְַיָרִים אֹבִיל, but compare We) + 8 t. + Isa 31:4 (simile), Isa 38:12 (read רֹעִים for רֹעִי Perles29 Du CheHpt compare Di), compare (suffix) Gen 13:8 (twice in verse) (J); הָרֹעִים כְּלִי 1Sa 17:40 (see כְּלִי
3); — הָרִעִיס בֵּידעֵֿקֶד. (2) figurative of ruler (as often Assyrian; compare Greek (Homer) ποιμένα λαῶν), absolute singular Jer 17:16 **figurative of prophet (but Aq Symm ᵑ6 Gie Du Co מֵרָעָה); Zec 10:2; Zec 11:16; Zec 13:7b + 8 t. Jeremiah, Ezekiel; suffix of רֹעִי ׳י, Isa 44:28 (of Cyrus), Zec 13:7a.; Zechariah 13:17 (read הָאֱוִילִי רֹעִי We Now GASm); absolute plural Isa 56:11; Jer 2:8; Jer 3:15; Mic 5:4; Zec 10:3; Zec 11:5, Zec 11:8 18t. Jeremiah Ezekiel 34, + (of Assyrian leaders) Nah 3:18; יִשׂ ׳רֹעֵי Eze 34:2; רֹעֵי צאֹנוֺ Isa 63:11 (but read רֹעֵה [of Moses] ᵐ5 Targam Di Du and others). (3) epithet of ׳י י ׃ ׳רֹעִי Psa 23:1, יִשׂ ׳רֹעֵה Psa 80:2, יִשׂ אֶבֶן ׳רֹעֶה Gen 49:24 (poem in J; read construct רֹעֵה. compare Commentaries); אֶחָד מֵרֹעֶה Ecc 12:11 De Wild, < president of assembly of sages Siegf SS.
2 intransitive feed, graze:
a. literally of cows, sheep, etc.: with ב location Gen 41:2, Gen 41:18 (E), 1Ch 27:29; with accusative of pasture Isa 30:23; with עַל location Zep 2:7 (הַיָּם עֲלֵי for עֲלֵיהֶם ᵑ0, see Now); אֶלמֿוּל location Exo 34:3 (J); absolute Isa 5:17; Isa 11:7 (|| רבץ; but see רעה below) Isa 27:10 (|| id.), Isa 65:25; Jon 3:7; Job 1:14.
b. figurative of idolater, Isa 44:20 he feedeth on ashes (accusative); compare Hos 12:2 Ehpraimitic source feedeth on wind (acc); יִר כְסִילִים ׳מִּי אִוֶּלֶת Pro 15:14 (so Vrss Qr; Kt פני for פי) the mouth of fools feeds on folly (Toy; Buhl √ II. רעה, Gerber162 below III. רעה); in Canticles, with ב location, figurative of lover Son 2:16; Son 6:2-3, of breasts (like gazelles) Son 4:5.
c. figurative, of Israel as flock Isa 14:30 (|| רבץ), read (יַ֯) בְּכָרֹי in my pasture(s), for בְּכוֺרֵי ᵑ0, Koppe Ew Di Du (otherwise CheHpt, compare Marti); Zep 3:13 (|| id..); with עַלדְּֿרָכִים Isa 49:9; with accusative of pasture-land Jer 50:19; Mic 7:14; Eze 34:14b ( + אֶל location), Eze 34:18; Eze 34:19; hence crop, strip, i.e. devastate, of conqueror, with accusative of land Mic 5:6, cf; אֶתיָֿדוֺ Jer 6:3; so קָדְקֹד יִרְעוּךְ; Jer 2:16; accusative of Israel under figure of vine (subject foes, as beasts) Psa 80:14.
d. subject wind, with accusative of person Jer 22:22, i. e. drive them away; subject fire, with accusative of thing, יֵרַע Job 20:26, but read perhaps יֵרָע,
Niph`al (Ol Di Hoffm Siegf Bu; otherwise Du). עֲקָרָה֯ רֹעֶה Job 24:21 is difficult; Bu חֵרַע for ׳ר; more radical conjectures in Du.
Niph`al possibly Job 20:26, see 2d above
Hiph`il Psa 78:72 van d. H., see 1c above
רֹעֶה shepherd, רֹעָה shepherdess, see √ 1 d. above
II. [רָעָה] verb probably associate with (compare Schulth69ff. but also NöZMG iiv (1900), 154 f.; Assyrian ru°a, ruttu, neighbour, fellow (masculine and feminine; compare JägerBAS i. 483, 486); so Bedouin , master, owner, WallinZMG v (1851), 9 JayakarJA xxi. 851; Ethiopic marriage; Arabic , Ethiopic yoke; Late Hebrew רֵעוּת friendship is from Biblical Hebrew רֵעַ); —
Qal Imperative masculine singular אֱמוּנָה וּרְעֵה Psa 37:3 cherish faithfulness (Hup-Now RV Che Du Dr); > feed seocurely (Bae; I.רעה; feed on (his) faithfulness AmRV); Participle רֹעֶה כְסִילִים Pro 13:20 one associating with fools, so ר ׳זֹלְלְים Pro 28:7, ׳ר זוֺנוֺת Pro 29:3 (Thes and others think these figurative from I. רעה, see 2b).
Hithpa`el2masculine singular אָ֑ף אֶתבַּֿעַל אַלתִּֿתְרַע Pro 22:24 do not make companionship with a bad-tempered man; perhaps also 3 feminine plural תִּתְרָעֶינָה Isa 11:7 (LagOr. i. 21; Deceased Wife's Sister 399 Brd Du Che Hpt) cow and bear shall be each other's companions; + Infinitive construct הִתְרָעֹת Pro 18:24 (Toy, for הִתְרֹעֵעַ ᵑ0) there are [יֵשׁ, for אִישׁ] friends (merely) to be companions (see II. רעע near the end).
[רָעָה] verb denominative Pi`el be a special friend; — Perfect3masculine singular לוֺ רֵעָה אֲשֶׁר מֵרֵעֵהוּ Jdg 14:20 his comrade who had been 'best man' (GFM) to him.
רעה (√ of following; compare Biblical Hebrew III. רעה).