רוּץ
rûwts · H7323 · Hebrew · 103 occurrences
Meanings
-
to run, to hurry, to race
Action by which humans walk at a relatively high speed
ExamplesGenesis 18:2 When he raised his eyes and looked, behold, three men were standing opposite him; and when he saw them, he ran from the tent door to meet them and bowed down to the ground,
Jeremiah 49:19 “Behold, one will come up like a lion from the thicket of the Jordan to a perennially watered pasture; for in an instant I will chase him away from it, and I will appoint over it whoever is chosen. For who is like Me, and who will summon Me into court? And who then is the shepherd who can stand against Me?”
Genesis 18:7 Abraham also ran to the herd, and took a tender and choice calf and gave it to the servant, and he hurried to prepare it.
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to bring quickly, to carry quickly
Causative action by which humans walk at a relatively high speed accompanied by people or objects that need to be brought to someone else
ExamplesGenesis 41:14 Then Pharaoh sent word and called for Joseph, and they hurriedly brought him out of the dungeon; and when he had shaved himself and changed his clothes, he came to Pharaoh.
1 Samuel 17:17 Then Jesse said to his son David, “Take now for your brothers an ephah of this roasted grain and these ten loaves, and run to the camp to your brothers.
2 Chronicles 35:13 So they roasted the Passover animals on the fire according to the ordinance, and they boiled the holy things in pots, in kettles, and in pans and carried them quickly to all the lay people.
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to pursue
Literally: to run in the way (of a certain type of behavior); hence: action by which humans are fully engaged pursuing a certain type of behavior
ExamplesPsalm 119:32 I shall run the way of Your commandments, For You will enlarge my heart.
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to run swiftly
Literally: (someone's word) runs swiftly; hence: process by which a command is communicated speedily
ExamplesPsalm 147:15 He sends His command to the earth; His word runs very swiftly.
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courier
A person who carries a message on behalf of someone else and is supposed to deliver that as quickly as possible
Examples2 Chronicles 30:6 The couriers went throughout Israel and Judah with the letters from the hand of the king and his princes, even according to the command of the king, saying, “Sons of Israel, return to the LORD God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, that He may return to those of you who escaped and are left from the hand of the kings of Assyria.
2 Chronicles 30:10 So the couriers passed from city to city through the country of Ephraim and Manasseh, and as far as Zebulun, but they laughed at them with scorn and mocked them.
Esther 3:13 Letters were sent by couriers to all the king’s provinces to annihilate, kill, and destroy all the Jews, both young and old, women and children, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month Adar, and to seize their possessions as plunder.
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to be busy, to work hard
Action by which humans work hard to achieve a certain goal
ExamplesHaggai 1:9 “You start an ambitious project, but behold, it comes to little; when you bring it home, I blow it away. Why?” declares the LORD of armies. “It is because of My house which remains desolate, while each of you runs to his own house.
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guard
Literally runners, meaning soldiers responsible for protecting buildings and high-ranking officials
Examples1 Samuel 22:17 And the king said to the guards who were attending him, “Turn around and put the priests of the LORD to death, because their hand also is with David and because they knew that he was fleeing and did not inform me.” But the servants of the king were unwilling to reach out with their hands to attack the priests of the LORD.
1 Kings 14:27 So King Rehoboam made shields of bronze in their place, and entrusted them to the care of the commanders of the guard who guarded the doorway of the king’s house.
1 Kings 14:28 And it happened as often as the king entered the house of the LORD, that the guards would carry them and would bring them back into the guards’ room.
How it’s used In 10 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
79 occurrences in 28 groups
- Not stated: he, she or it 16
- Not stated: they 12
- Not stated: I 9
- Not stated: you (one person) 7
- אִישׁman, person, each 6
- Not stated (infinitive) 3
- Other words · 22 groups that occur once or twice (26) 26
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
6 occurrences in 4 groups
- גְּדוּדband of raiders 2
- וֹhim 2
- יָדhand, power 1
- הֶםthem 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
49 occurrences in 42 groups
- לto/for+ קָרָאto meet, to happen 7
- לto/for+ פָּנִיםface, presence, before 4
- Other words · 40 groups that occur once or twice (46) 46
With adverbsAdverbs
4 occurrences in 4 groups
- בְּלִיwithout, not 1
- כֵּןthus 1
- עוֹדstill, again, yet 1
- עַתָּהnow 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- נָצַבto stand 1
Named alongside itApposition
2 occurrences in 1 groups
- רָכַבto ride 2
What it doesIt is the subject
9 occurrences in 8 groups
- יָצָאto go out 2
- הָיָהto be, to become 1
- הָלַךְto go, to walk 1
- נָשָׂאto lift up, to carry, to bear 1
- עָמַדto stand 1
- רוּץto run 1
What is done to itIt is the object
4 occurrences in 3 groups
- רָאָהto see 2
- לָקַחto take, to receive 1
- קָרָאto meet, to happen 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
8 occurrences in 3 groups
- לto/for 7
- מִןfrom 2
- אַחַרafter, behind 1
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
8 occurrences in 5 groups
- יָדhand, power 2
- שַׂרcommander, chief, official 2
- תָּאroom 2
- קוֹלvoice, sound 1
- שַׁעַרgate 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- τρέχω tréchō · G5143 · to run, to rush, to try
- Greek τρέχω (tréchō, G5143) is the standard Septuagint rendering of Hebrew רוּץ (rûwts, H7323), both denoting rapid motion/running in literal and figurative senses; the correspondence reflects genuine translation equivalence across the sister corpora.
Semantic domains 8 entries
- Move002002001012
- The word means to run, directly illustrated by Abraham who "ran from the tent door to meet" his visitors and "ran to the herd" (Genesis 18:2, 7) and Rebekah who repeatedly "ran" to draw water and tell her household (Genesis 24:17, 20, 28).
- Engage002003003011
- This domain is not independently illustrated by the sampled citations, which all concern ordinary running rather than engaging in a task.
- Happen002002003003
- This domain is not independently illustrated by the sampled citations.
- Messengers001001003006
- This domain reflects the word's use for a royal runner or courier; it is not independently illustrated by the sampled citations, which all concern ordinary running rather than official messenger service.
- Serve002003002023
- This domain is not independently illustrated by the sampled citations.
- Soldiers001001003013
- This domain reflects the word's "footman, guard" sense; it is not independently illustrated by the sampled citations, which all concern ordinary running rather than military guard duty.
- Impact002001001024
- This domain is not independently illustrated by the sampled citations.
- Weak002001001069
- This domain is not independently illustrated by the sampled citations.
Word family 3 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H7323. ruts רוּץ verb run (Late Hebrew id. (rare); Ethiopic , Zinjirli Perfect1singular…
רוּץ verb run (Late Hebrew id. (rare); Ethiopic , Zinjirli Perfect1singular רצת; = Aramaic רְהַט; (WSG 47); compare Assyrian râƒu, be helpful (i.e. run to help?)); —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular רָץ Gen 18:7; Gen 18:2masculine singular רַצְתָּה Jer 12:5, etc.; Imperfect יָרוּץ Hab 2:2 +, יָרֻץ Job 16:14, וַיָּ֫רָץ Gen 18:2 +, וַיָּר֑ץ 2Sa 18:21.; 1singular suffix ארוצם Jer 50:44 Kt (but < Qr. Hiph`il, see below), etc. [see also רצץ]; Imperative masculine singular רוּץ 2Sa 18:23; 2Ki 4:26, רֻץ 1Sa 20:36; Zec 2:8; Infinitive construct לָרוּץ 1Sa 20:6 +; Participle רָץ 2Sa 18:22 +, plural רָצִים 1Sa 22:17 +, רָצִין 2Ki 11:13 (Ges§ 87e); —
1 run, with אֶל location Gen 18:7; Gen 24:20 (both J), Num 17:12 (P), אֶל person Gen 24:29 (J; + ה locative), 1Sa 3:5; Isa 55:5 (figurative), with hostility, against, Job 15:26 (figurative), so goat against ram Dan 8:6, עַל person, against Job 16:14; ה locative also Jos 7:22, לְבֵיתוֺ Hag 1:9, לָרַע Isa 59:7; Pro 1:16; accusative of location 1Sa 20:6; 1Sa 17:22, 1Sa 17:48 (+ לִקְרַאת); ב location on (ב II.
2), of horses Amo 6:12, locusts Joe 2:9; into Pro 18:10 (figurative); מִן local 1Sa 4:12, so ᵑ0 2Ki 23:12 (= he went quickly thence, but text perhaps corrupt, see Kit Benz, and compare
Hiph`il below); אַחֲרֵי person 2Sa 18:22; 1Ki 19:20; 2Ki 5:20-21, Son 1:4, עַד person 2Ki 4:22; לִפְנֵי person 2Sa 15:1; 1Ki 1:5 (both of royal escort, out-runners), 1Ki 18:46 (+ עַד location), לִפְנֵי of thing 1Sa 8:11; אֵת person accompare Jer 12:5; with accusative of way, אֹרַֹח Psa 19:6, דֶּרֶךְ 2Sa 18:23; Psa 119:132 (figurative); as preliminary, + infinitive לִקְרַאת run to meet Gen 18:2; Gen 24:17; Gen 29:13; Gen 33:4 (all J), 2Ki 4:26; Jer 51:31, + finite verb Gen 24:28; Gen 29:12 (both J), Num 11:27; Jos 8:19 (both J E), Jdg 7:21; Jdg 13:10; 1Sa 10:23; 1Sa 17:51; 2Sa 18:19; Psa 59:5; as imperative + imperative 1Sa 20:36; Zec 2:8; absolute 1Sa 20:36; Isa 40:31; 2Ch 23:12 (see 2a), Pro 4:12; Pro 6:18 (of feet), of locusts Joe 2:4, Joe 2:7; specifically, run as messenger 2Sa 18:21-22, 2Sa 18:23 (twice in verse); 2Sa 18:24, 2Sa 18:26 (twice in verse), figurative of prophet's activity Jer 23:21, of ׳יs word Psa 147:15; figurative of reading smoothly, בוֺ קוֺרֵא יָרוּץ Hab 2:2. — Psa 18:30 = 2Sa 22:30 read אָרֹץ (for אָרוּץ אָרֻץ,), √רצץ Ew Ol Che Bae and others
2 Participle as substantive:
a. plural הָרָצִים the runners properly out-runners, as royal escort, compare verb 2Sa 15:1; 1Ki 1:5; then) of royal body-guard 1Sa 22:17; 1Ki 14:27-28, (twice in verse) = 2Ch 12:10; 2Ch 12:11; 12:28, 2Ki 10:25 (twice in verse); 2Ki 11:4, 2Ki 11:6, 2Ki 11:11, 2Ki 11:19 (twice in verse). — (הָעָםׅ הָרָצִין 2Ki 11:13 is gloss (Kit Benz; whence [easier] הָרָצִים הָעָם2Ch 23:12 see 1). — Pro 29:6 for יָרֻן Pinsk Toy favour יָרוּץ.
b. runner = (royal messenger, post, late), רָץ Jer 51:31 (twice in verse) (|| מַגִּיד), compare Job 9:25 (as swift); הָרָצִים2Ch 30:6, 2Ch 30:10; Est 3:13, Est 3:15, riders ׳הָר בַּסּוּסִים Est 8:10, ׳הָר הָרֶכֶשׁ רֹבֵי Est 8:14.
Po`lel Imperfect3masculine plural יְרוֺצֵ֑צוּ Nah 2:5 they run swiftly, dart (like lightning; of chariots).
Hiph`il cause to run:
1 bring, or move, quickly, Imperfect3masculine plural suffix מִן וַיְרִיצֻהוּ, local Gen 41:14 (E), read perhaps also 3 masculine singular וַיָּרֶץ 2Ki 23:12 (accusative omitted; for וַיָּרָץ ᵑ0 see
Qal); ל person, accusative of thing omitted וַיָּרִיצוּ2Ch 35:13; Imperative masculine singular הָרֵץ 1Sa 17:17 (+ accusative of location, ל person); Imperfect3feminine singular יָדָיו תָּרִיץ Psa 68:32 quickly stretch out hands, לֵאלֹהִים (namely, with offerings).
2 with מֵעַל = drive away from, 1 singular, suffix 3 masculine singular, אֲרִיצֶנּוּ Jer 49:19, so read probably also in || Jer 50:44 (Qr אֲרִיצֵם, > Kt ארוצם).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 8 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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