רָדַף

H7291. radaph
רָדַף141 verb pursue, chase, persecute (Late Hebrew id., Aramaic רְדַף, ; Arabic ; Sabean רדף id., SabDenkmNo. 7, 1. 2); —
Qal128 Perfect3masculine singular ׳ר Jdg 4:16 +; 1 singular וְרָדַפְתִּ֫י Jer 29:18, etc.; Imperfect יִרְדֹּף Deu 19:6 +, ִירַדֹּף Psa 7:6 (apparently to give choice of Qal or Pi, Ki JHMich Bae and others; Ges§ 63n explanation as developed from יִרֲדֹף, compare Ol§ 236 e, and, further, Köi. 160), suffix דְָּפֶ֑ךָ יִרְ Eze 35:6 (twice in verse), etc.; Imperative masculine singular רְדֹף Gen 44:4 +, suffix רָדְפֵהוּ Psa 34:15; masculine plural רִדְפוּ Jdg 3:28 +; Infinitive construct רָדְפִף Jos 8:16 +, מִרְדֹף 1Sa 23:28; 2Sa 18:16, suffix רָדְפִי Psa 38:21 Qr, רדופי Kt, etc.; Participle רֹדֵף Jdg 4:22 +, plural רֹדְפִים Jdg 8:4 +; —
1. a. pursue (sometimes + הִשִּׂיג): literal with אַחֲרֵי person, in order to overtake Gen 44:4 (J), 2Ki 5:21; especially with hostile purpose Gen 31:23 (+ הִדְבִּיק), Gen 35:5; Jos 24:6 (all E), Jos 2:5, Jos 2:7 (twice in verse); Jos 8:16 (twice in verse); Jos 8:17; Jos 10:19 (JE), Deu 11:4; Deu 19:6; Jos 20:5 (all D), Exo 14:4, Exo 14:8, Exo 14:9 (P), Jdg 1:6; 2Sa 20:6-7, 2Sa 20:10, 2Sa 20:13; 2Ki 9:27 2Ki 9:17t., + 2Ki 25:5 (אַחַר), + Jdg 4:16 (הָרֶכֶב אַחֲרֵי); + אַחֲרֵי רִדְפוּ Jdg 3:28 = follow me (as leader; but this meaning not elsewhere; read ᵐ5 רְדוּ Kit GFM).
b. literal, with accusative of person, put to flight, chase (defeated foe; sometimes with הִשִּׁיג): Amo 1:11; Hos 8:3; Deu 32:30 (poem; || הֵנִיס), Deu 28:22, Deu 28:45; Jos 23:10 (D), Lev 26:8 (twice in verse) (H); נִדָּף עָלֶה קוֺל אֹתָם וְרָדַף Lev 26:36 a (H); Jos 7:5; Jos 8:24; Jos 10:10; Jos 11:8 (all J E), Gen 14:15; Deu 1:44; Jdg 4:22; Isa 41:3 Isa 41:13t. + Jdg 7:25 (read אֶתֿ for ᵑ7 ᵑ9 ᵐ5 אֶלֿ, GFM Bu Now).
c. literal, accusative omitted Jdg 8:4; 1Sa 30:8 (+ הִשִּׂיג), 1Sa 30:10; Gen 14:14; Exo 14:23 (P), Exo 15:9 (poem; + הִשִּׂיג), Lev 26:36 b. 37 (H), Pro 28:1; especially participle plural ׳הָר the pursuers Jos 2:16 (twice in verse); Jos 2:22 (twice in verse); Neh 9:11; Isa 30:16, so הָרֹדֵף Jos 8:20; Lam 1:6.
d. chase, hunt, partridge (קֹרֵא) 1Sa 26:20 (in simile; || בִּקֵּשׁ).
e. pursue, in figure, Jer 20:11; Lam 4:19, וְתִפְשׂוּהוּ רִדְפוּ Psa 71:11, compare Lam 1:3; Psa 7:6 (+ הִשִּׂיג; see above); especially subject ׳י, pursue (figurative of punishment, judgment), with accusative of person Jer 29:18 (בַּחֶרֶב), Lam 3:43 and (בְּאַף) Lam 3:66, Psa 83:16 (בְּסַעֲרֶ֑ךָ); תִּרְדֹּף יָבֵשׁ אֶתקַֿשׁ Job 13:25 (|| תַּעַרוֺץ); רֹדְפָם, of י ׳מַלְאַךְ, Psa 35:6.
f. figurative persecute, harass, with accusative of person Deu 30:7; Job 19:22 (כְּמוֺאֵֿל), Psa 69:27; Psa 109:16; Psa 119:86; Psa 119:161; with accusative נַפְשִׁי Psa 143:3, with accusative נֲדִבָתִי Job 30:15 (but subject obscure; read perhaps תֵּרָדֵף Bu; Du תִּנָּדֵף); with ל person Job 19:28; participle as substantive Jer 15:15; Jer 17:18; Psa 7:2; Psa 31:16 (|| אוֺיְבַי; We מְרַדְּפָ֑י for וַרֹדְפָ֑י), Psa 35:3; Psa 119:84; Psa 119:157 (+ צָרַי), Psa 142:7.
g. pursue, dog, subject דָּם, with accusative of person Eze 35:6 (twice in verse) (del va ᵐ5 Co Toy Krae); in good sense, attend closely upon, יִרְדְּפוּנִי וָחֶסֶד טוֺב Psa 23:6.
2 figurative follow after, aim to secure: in bad sense, with accusative שַׁלְמֹנִים Isa 1:23, שֵׁכָר Isa 5:11, ׳ר קָדִים Hos 12:2, זִמָּה רֹדְפֵי Psa 119:150; good sense, with infinitive אֶתיֿ ׳לְדַעַת Hos 6:3, with accusative צֶדֶק Deu 16:20; Isa 51:1 (|| י ׳מְבַקְשֵׁי), וָחָ֑סֶד צְדָקָה Pro 21:21, שָׁלוֺם Psa 34:15 (|| בַּוֵּשׁ), טוֺב Psa 38:21.
Niph`al passive: Perfect1plural נִרְדָּ֑פְנוּ עַלצַֿוָּארֵנוּ Lam 5:5 upon our neck (i.e. closely) we are pursued (improbable, compare Bu); perhaps Imperfect3feminine singular תֵּרָדֵף Job 30:15 Bu (for תִּרְדֹּף); Participle אֶתנִֿרְדָּ֑ף יְבַקֵּשׁ ׳א Ecc 3:15 God seeketh the pursued (i.e. what has disappeared, is past, but dubious).
Pi`el Perfect3feminine singular consecutive וְרִדְּפָה Hos 2:9; Imperfect3masculine singular יְרַדֶּףֿ Nah 1:8 (Psa 7:6 see
Qal); 3 feminine singular תְּרַדֵּף Pro 13:21; Participle מְרֵדֵּףֿ Pro 11:19 +; — pursue ardently, with accusative of person Hos 2:9 (in figurative); figurative also ׳יְר חשֶׁךְ Nah 1:8 (GunkZAW xiii (1893), 230, plausibly, יֶהְדֹּף), compare Proverbs 13:31; elsewhere participle, in Proverbs: aim (eagerly) to secure, with accusative רָעָה Pro 11:19, רֵיקִים Pro 12:11; Pro 28:19, אֲמָרִים Pro 19:7 (meaning dubious, see Toy); in good sense, צְדָקָה Pro 15:9.
Pu`al Perfect3masculine singular consecutive הָרִים כְמֹץ וְרֻדַּף Isa 17:13 it shall be chased away like chaff of the mountains (|| וְנָס).
Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular suffix הִרְּדִיפֻהוּ Jdg 20:43 usually they chased him (Benjamin, collective), but strange after כִתְּרוּ surrounded (still stranger after כתתו or ᵐ5 כרתו), and why Hiph`il? GFM conjecture dittograph of הִדְרִיכֻהוּ following; the reverse conjectured by Bu Now.