צָמַח
tsâmach · H6779 · Hebrew · 33 occurrences
Meanings
-
to sprout or cause to sprout
The process by which plants, trees, or hairs come up and start growing, or by which a deity or the earth causes this, sometimes extended to the coming into existence of people, conditions, or activities
ExamplesGenesis 2:5 Now no shrub of the field was yet on the earth, and no plant of the field had yet sprouted, for the LORD God had not sent rain upon the earth, and there was no man to cultivate the ground.
Genesis 2:9 Out of the ground the LORD God caused every tree to grow that is pleasing to the sight and good for food; the tree of life was also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
Genesis 41:6 Then behold, seven ears, thin and scorched by the east wind, sprouted up after them.
-
to grow
Process by which the hair of one's body grows to a certain length
ExamplesJudges 16:22 However, the hair of his head began to grow again after it was shaved off.
2 Samuel 10:5 When messengers informed David, he sent servants to meet them, because the men were extremely humiliated. And the king said, “Stay in Jericho until your beards grow back, and then you shall return.”
1 Chronicles 19:5 Then certain people went and told David about the men. And he sent messengers to meet them, because the men were very humiliated. And the king said, “Stay at Jericho until your beards grow back, then return.”
-
to spring up, to appear
Process by which a certain condition becomes a reality, as a new shoot that comes up from the ground
ExamplesIsaiah 42:9 “Behold, the former things have come to pass, Now I declare new things; Before they sprout I proclaim them to you.”
Isaiah 43:19 “Behold, I am going to do something new, Now it will spring up; Will you not be aware of it? I will even make a roadway in the wilderness, Rivers in the desert.
Isaiah 58:8 “Then your light will break out like the dawn, And your recovery will spring up quickly; And your righteousness will go before you; The glory of the LORD will be your rear guard.
How it’s used In 7 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
32 occurrences in 16 groups
- Not stated: he, she or it 8
- Not stated: I 3
- Not stated (participle) 3
- Other words · 13 groups that occur once or twice (18) 18
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
11 occurrences in 11 groups
- עֵץtree, wood 3
- Other words · 10 groups that occur once or twice (12) 12
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
15 occurrences in 16 groups
- Other words · 16 groups that occur once or twice (18) 18
With adverbsAdverbs
9 occurrences in 7 groups
- לֹאnot 3
- טֶרֶםbefore 1
- יַחַדtogether 1
- כֵּןthus 1
- מְהֵרָהquickly 1
- עַתָּהnow 1
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- עֵץtree, wood 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- לto/for 1
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- יַעַרforest, thickets, woods 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 2 words
- ἀνατέλλω anatéllō · G393 · to come up, to move upward, to rise
- Greek ἀνατέλλω specifically denotes upward rising/emerging (of plants, celestial bodies, or abstract concepts), capturing the directional aspect of Hebrew צָמַח's 'spring forth/up' and 'grow up' senses, making it a natural translation equivalent for vegetative sprouting contexts.
- βλαστάνω blastánō · G985 · to sprout, to sprout leaves, to bear fruit
- Greek βλαστάνω (blastánō, G985) serves as the direct Greek equivalent for Hebrew צָמַח (tsâmach, H6779) in LXX translation contexts, both denoting the core concept of germination, sprouting, and vegetative growth.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- Stage002001001060
- צָמַח means to sprout or grow, as of the plant of the field not yet sprouted before rain in Genesis 2:5, the trees the LORD made to grow in Genesis 2:9, the thorns and thistles the ground will grow in Genesis 3:18, and the ears of grain sprouting in Pharaoh's dream in Genesis 41:6 and 41:23.
- Happen002002003003
- This domain's connection to צָמַח is not directly illustrated among the sampled citations, which show the word's sense of vegetative growth rather than an event coming to pass.
Word family 2 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H6779. tsamach צָמַח verb sprout, spring up (Late Hebrew id., so צְמַח ᵑ7; Sir. spring or…
צָמַח verb sprout, spring up (Late Hebrew id., so צְמַח ᵑ7; Sir. spring or shine forth, shining, also sprout; Phoenician צמח posterity); —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular צָֽמַחבּֿוֺ Lev 13:37; Lev 13:3plural וְצָֽמְחוּ consecutive Isa 44:4; Imperfect3masculine singular יִצְמַח Job 5:6, Job 5:3feminine plural תִּצְמַחְנָה Isa 42:9, etc.; Participle צֹמֵחַ Exo 10:5, צוֺמֵחַ Ecc 2:6; feminine plural צֹמְחוֺת Gen 41:6, Gen 41:23; — sprout, spring up:
1 of plants, trees, etc. Gen 2:5; Exo 10:5 (both J), Gen 41:6, Gen 41:23 (E), Eze 17:6 (in figurative); once (late) עֵצִים צוֺמֵחַ יַעַר Ecc 2:6 wood sprouting with trees (full of growing trees); figurative of future ruler (see צֶמַח) Zec 6:12, posterity Isa 44:4, compare Job 8:19, trouble(עָמָל) Isa 5:6,truth (אֱמֶת) Psa 85:12, restoration (אֲרֻכָֽתְךָ) Isa 58:8, future events Isa 42:9.
2 of hair Lev 13:37 (P; compare Pi`el).
Pi`el grow abunduntly, always of hair; — Perfect 3 masculine singular צִמֵּחַ Eze 16:7 (in figurative): Imperfect3masculine singular יִצַמַּח 2Sa 10:5 = 1Ch 19:5 (of beard); Infinitive construct לְצַמֵּחַ Jdg 16:22 (Samson's hair).
Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular suffix וְהִצְמִיחָהּ Isa 55:10 Imperfect3masculine singular יַצְמִיחַ 2Sa 23:5; Isa 61: וַיַּצְמַח Gen 2:9, etc.; Infinitive construct לְהַצְמִיחַ Job 38:27; Participle מַצְמִיחַ Psa 104:14; Psa 147:8; —
1 cause to grow, with accusative of plant, subject ׳י Gen 2:9; Psa 104:14, compare Job 38:27, with 2accusative Psa 147:8 who causeth mountains to sprout grass; figurative, object צְדָקָה צֶמַח Jer 33:15; horn (קֶרֶן) of Israel Eze 29:21, of David Psa 132:17; righteousness, etc. Isa 61:11b; compare also 2Sa 23:5 (if interrogative, see Dr Bu; otherwise HPS); subject ground Gen 3:18 compare Isa 61:11a (simile), Deu 29:22 (object omitted); also (figurative) Isa 45:8 (compare Di Kit).
2 of rain, cause the earth to sprout (absolute), Isa 55:10.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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