Word

צוּם

tsûwm · H6684 · Hebrew · 21 occurrences

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Meanings

to fast

The action by which someone abstains from eating food, sometimes with mourning, prayer, and sacrifices, as a result of grief or repentance or as part of a ritual, its primary intention being to humble oneself before God and so be pleasing to him

Examples
Judges 20:26 Then all the sons of Israel and all the people went up and came to Bethel, and they wept and remained there before the LORD, and fasted that day until evening. And they offered burnt offerings and peace offerings before the LORD.
1 Samuel 7:6 So they gathered to Mizpah, and drew water and poured it out before the LORD, and fasted on that day and said there, “We have sinned against the LORD.” And Samuel judged the sons of Israel at Mizpah.
1 Samuel 31:13 And they took their bones and buried them under the tamarisk tree in Jabesh, and fasted for seven days.

How it’s used In 5 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

19 occurrences in 10 groups

Not stated: you (more than one) 5
Not stated: they 5
Other words · 8 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

1 occurrences in 1 groups

צוֹםfasting 1

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

8 occurrences in 10 groups

Other words · 10 groups that occur once or twice (11) 11

With adverbsAdverbs

2 occurrences in 2 groups

כֵּןthus 1
לֹאnot 1

What is done to itIt is the object

1 occurrences in 1 groups

הָיָהto be, to become 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

In the other Testament 1 word

νηστεύω nēsteúō · G3522 · to fast, fasting: Greek νηστεύω (nēsteúō, G3522) directly translates Hebrew צוּם (tsûwm, H6684) as the standard Septuagintal equivalent for religious fasting, both denoting voluntary abstention from food as a spiritual discipline.

Semantic domains 1 entry

Non-Ingest002001001026: צוּם means to fast, abstaining from food, as of Israel fasting before the LORD at Bethel in Judges 20:26, the fasting at Mizpah in 1 Samuel 7:6, the seven days of fasting for Saul in 1 Samuel 31:13, and the fast for Saul and Jonathan in 2 Samuel 1:12.

Word family 2 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

צוּםtsûwm · H6684צוֹם tsôwm · H6685 · fasting · 26×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H6684. tsum [צוּם] verb abstain from food, fast (Late Hebrew id.; Arabic () , Ethiopic…

H6684. tsum
[צוּם] verb abstain from food, fast (Late Hebrew id.; Arabic () , Ethiopic Aramaic צוּם, ); —
Qal Perfect2masculine singular צַמְתָּ 2Sa 12:21; 2Sa 12:2masculine plural צַמְתֶּם Zec 7:5, suffix צַמְתֻּנִי Zec 7:5; Imperfect3masculine singular וַיָּ֫צָם 2Sa 12:16, וַיָּצוֺ֑ם 1Ki 21:27; 1Ki 21:1singular אָצוּםEst 4:16, etc.; Imperative masculine plural צוּמוּ Est 4:16; Infinitive absolute צוֺם Zec 7:5; Participle צָם 2Sa 12:23; Neh 1:4; — fast, in mourning the dead 1Sa 31:13 = 1Ch 10:12; 2Sa 1:12; in worship (contrition, intercession, etc.) Jon 20:26; 1Sa 7:6; 2Sa 12:16 (with accusative of congnate meaning with verb צוֺם; || בִּקֵּשׁ), 2Sa 12:23 and (+בָּכָה), 2Sa 12:21; 2Sa 12:22 (q. v. for explanation), Jer 14:12; Zec 7:5 (+סְפוֺד), צַמְתֻּנִי הֲצוֺם Zec 7:5 (Ges§ 117x) was it at all unto me [׳י] that ye fasted ? צָם וָאֱהִי Neh 1:4 (periphrase conjectural; +מִתְמַּלֵּל), compare Ezr 8:23 (+בִּמֵּשׁ), Est 4:16 (with עַל person for whom), Est 4:16, Isa 58:3 (|| נַפְשֵׁנוּ עִנִּינוּ), Isa 58:4 (with ל of thing), Isa 58:4; once in disappointment and vexation 1Ki 21:27.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 1 entry

Non-Ingest21 occurrences

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0