אֹפֶל
ʼôphel · H652 · Hebrew · 9 occurrences
Meanings
-
deep darkness
State of total absence of light; associated with suffering and death
ExamplesJob 3:6 “As for that night, may darkness seize it; May it not rejoice among the days of the year; May it not come into the number of the months.
Job 10:22 The land of utter gloom like darkness itself, Of deep shadow without order, And it shines like darkness.”
Job 23:17 But I am not destroyed by darkness, Nor by deep gloom which covers me.
How it’s used In 4 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- צַלְמָוֶתdeep darkness 1
What it doesIt is the subject
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- כָּסָהto cover 1
- לָקַחto take, to receive 1
- בּוֹאto come, to go in, to bring 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
5 occurrences in 4 groups
- כְּמוֹas, like 3
- בְּמוֹon 2
- בin/on/with 2
- מִןfrom 1
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- אֶבֶןstone 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 3 words
- עֵיפָה ʻêyphâh · H5890 · darkness, land of only darkness > world of the dead
- Both words refer to darkness itself.
- עֲרָפֶל ʻărâphel · H6205 · thick clouds, darkness
- עֲרָפֶל emphasizes thick, gross, or cloud-related darkness, while the target lexeme (אֹפֶל) denotes darkness or obscurity more generally. The two are near-synonyms with closely overlapping senses of darkness.
- חֹשֶׁךְ chôshek · H2822 · darkness
- חֹשֶׁךְ and the target lexeme are both Hebrew words for darkness or obscurity, whether physical or metaphorical, and function as near-synonyms describing the absence of light.
Semantic domains 1 entry
- Dark002001001017
- אֹפֶל names darkness or deep gloom, as the utter gloom Job describes covering the land of the dead.
Word family 6 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H652. ophel אֹ֫פֶל noun masculine Job 3:6 darkness, gloom (only in poetry) -׳א always…
אֹ֫פֶל noun masculine Job 3:6 darkness, gloom (only in poetry) -׳א always absolute —
1 darkness,, of night Psa 91:6 (opposed to צָֽהֳרַיִם deep in the earth,א ׳אֶבֶן Job 28:3 (|| צַלְמָוֶת חשֶׁח); darkness, gloom of underworld Job 10:22 (twice in verse) (|| צַלְמָוֶת עֵיפָפָה׳א חשֶׁח אֶרֶץ); personified Job 3:6 that night — let darkness take it א ׳יִקָּחֵהוּ; figurative of spiritual darkness Isa 29:18 (|| חשֵׁח); of secrecy, treachery Psa 11:2.
2 especially figurative of calamity, Job 23:17 (|| ך חשׁ q. v.), Job 30:26 (opposed to אוֺר ).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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