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Word

פָּזַר

pâzar · H6340 · Hebrew · 10 occurrences

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Meanings

  1. to be scattered or scatter

    A process by which humans leave their normal location and move away in different directions, usually not of their own volition, or an action by which humans or deities cause humans, animals, objects or natural forces to do so

    Examples

    Esther 3:8 Then Haman said to King Ahasuerus, “There is a certain people scattered and dispersed among the peoples in all the provinces of your kingdom; their laws are different from those of all other people and they do not comply with the king’s laws, so it is not in the king’s interest to let them remain.

    Psalm 53:5 They were in great fear there, where no fear had been; For God scattered the bones of him who encamped against you; You put them to shame, because God had rejected them.

    Psalm 89:10 You Yourself crushed Rahab like one who is slain; You scattered Your enemies with Your mighty arm.

  2. to give generously

    Literally: to scatter, disperse; hence: causative action by which human give freely of their possessions to other humans

    Examples

    Psalm 112:9 He has given freely to the poor, His righteousness endures forever; His horn will be exalted in honor.

    Proverbs 11:24 There is one who scatters, and yet increases all the more, And there is one who withholds what is justly due, and yet it results only in poverty.

  3. Literally: to give (one's) ways generously; hence: causative action by which humans allow other humans to participate freely in a certain kind of unsanctioned behavior (to share (one's) behavior freely (with others))

    Examples

    Jeremiah 3:13 ‘Only acknowledge your wrongdoing, That you have revolted against the LORD your God, And have scattered your favors to the strangers under every leafy tree, And you have not obeyed My voice,’ declares the LORD.

How it’s used In 4 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

9 occurrences in 6 groups

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

4 occurrences in 4 groups

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

6 occurrences in 8 groups

What it is said to bePredicate

1 occurrences in 1 groups

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 7 words
פָּרַשׂ pâras · H6566 · to spread out
The target lexeme focuses on dispersing or scattering, while פָּרַשׂ has a broader range (to spread, stretch, lay open) that includes scattering. The two overlap as near-synonyms in the specific sense of scattering.
פַּרְשֵׁז parshêz · H6576 · to spread out
The target lexeme (‘to disperse, scatter abroad’) and פרשׂ (‘to spread’) overlap in the sense of scattering or spreading.
פּוּץ pûwts · H6327 · to be scattered, to be dispersed, to spread
Both words are genuine scatter/disperse verbs with overlapping core senses, making them plausible near-synonyms in Hebrew.
נָפַץ nâphats · H5310 · to break, to crush, to smash
Both lexemes share genuine scattering/dispersing semantics that could substitute in context. נָפַץ (nâphats, H5310) has a broader range (breaking, dashing, in addition to scattering), while פָּזַר (pâzar, H6340) focuses on dispersing/scattering. The Scatter domain is moderately sized (20 members), providing real but not overwhelming evidence. This is a true near-synonym relationship, though נָפַץ (nâphats, H5310)'s semantic range is wider.
בָּזַר bâzar · H967 · to distribute, to scatter
The target lexeme and בָּזַר both carry the core sense ‘to scatter,’ functioning as near-synonyms describing the action of dispersing.
זָרַק zâraq · H2236 · to scatter, to sprinkle, to be sprinkled
Both lexemes genuinely denote scattering/dispersing actions and could plausibly substitute in context (e.g., scattering seed, people, objects).
נוּף nûwph · H5130 · to wave, to present (an offering), to wield
נוּף is a broad, multi-sense verb (to lift, wave, offer, shake, sift) of which ‘scatter/sift’ is only one strand, while the target lexeme is a dedicated verb for scattering or dispersing. The two are near-synonyms, though the overlap is limited to this one sifting/scattering sense of נוּף.
In the other Testament 1 word
διασκορπίζω diaskorpízō · G1287 · to scatter, to cause to disperse, to squander
Greek διασκορπίζω directly renders Hebrew פָּזַר in LXX contexts where both denote the physical or figurative scattering/dispersing of people, objects, or resources; the Greek term's extended sense of 'squander' parallels Hebrew usage in contexts of wasting or dispersing wealth (cf. Proverbs 11:24).
Semantic domains 3 entries
Scatter002003002022
פָּזַר means to disperse or scatter, as of the Jewish people scattered and dispersed among the peoples of the kingdom in Esther 3:8, and of bones scattered at the mouth of Sheol in Psalm 141:7.
Non-Possess002003002018
The word also describes giving freely, a scattering of one's own goods to the poor, as in Psalm 112:9.
Engage002003003011
This domain's connection to פָּזַר is not directly illustrated among the sampled citations, which show the word's sense of scattering and giving freely.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H6340. pazar [מָּזַר] verb scatter (usually regarded as secondary form of בזר q. v.; Late…
H6340. pazar
[מָּזַר] verb scatter (usually regarded as secondary form of בזר q. v.; Late Hebrew id. Pi`el (opposed to כנס = כנשׁ), Niph`al; Arabic rend, slit, also separate, disperse); —
Qal Passive participle feminine פְזוּרָה שֶׂה Jer 50:17 a scattered sheep is Israel (i.e. driven off, isolated).
Niph`al Perfect3plural נִפְזְרוּ Psa 141:7 our bones are scattered שְׁאוֺל לִפִי.
Pi`el Perfect3masculine singular מִּזַּר Psa 53:6; Psa 112:9, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יְפַזֵּר Psa 147:16; Psa 147:2feminine singular וַתְּפַזְּרִי Jer 3:13; Participle מְפַזֵּר Pro 11:24; — scatter Psa 89:11; Psa 53:6; Psa 147:16 (all subject ׳י), Joel 4:2; object דְּרָכַיִךְ Jer 3:13, of Israel running hither and thither to strange gods; absolute of spending money Psa 112:9 (alms), Pro 11:24.
Pu`al Participle מְפֻוָּר Est 3:3 scattered, of Israel
I, II. מַּח see פחח.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Non-Possess2 occurrencesScatter7 occurrencesEngage1 occurrence

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0

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