אֶמֶשׁ
ʼemesh · H570 · Hebrew · 5 occurrences
Meanings
-
twilight, evening
Time of day when it becomes dark
ExamplesJob 30:3 “From poverty and famine they are gaunt, They who gnaw at the dry ground by night in waste and desolation,
-
last night, yesterday
Reference to the evening prior to the time of a discourse; sometimes extended to refer to the entire day
ExamplesGenesis 19:34 On the following day, the firstborn said to the younger, “Look, I slept last night with my father; let’s make him drink wine tonight too, then you go in and sleep with him, so that we may keep our family alive through our father.”
Genesis 31:29 “It is in my power to do you harm, but the God of your father spoke to me last night, saying, ‘Be careful not to speak either good or bad to Jacob.’
Genesis 31:42 “If the God of my father, the God of Abraham and the fear of Isaac, had not been for me, surely now you would have sent me away empty-handed. God has seen my affliction and the labor of my hands, so He rendered judgment last night.”
How it’s used
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 3 words
- תְּמוֹל tᵉmôwl · H8543 · yesterday, (what used to be done) before, in the past
- אֶמֶשׁ (ʼemesh, H570) and תְּמוֹל are both temporal adverbs meaning “yesterday” or “a former, past time”—distinct Hebrew words functioning as interchangeable temporal terms.
- אֶתְמוֹל ʼethmôwl · H865 · yesterday, (what used to be done) before, in the past
- The target lexeme and אֶתְמוֹל are both Hebrew temporal adverbs denoting ‘yesterday’ or ‘former time,’ with closely overlapping senses — true near-synonyms from different roots that could substitute for each other in many contexts.
- שִׁלְשׁוֹם shilshôwm · H8032 · (what used to be done) before, in the past
- Both lexemes are genuine temporal adverbs referring to past time: אֶמֶשׁ (ʼemesh, H570) "yesterday(-night)" and שִׁלְשׁוֹם (shilshôwm, H8032) "before that time, time past, three days, heretofore." These are distinct Hebrew words with overlapping past-time reference, true same-language near-synonyms that could substitute contextually.
In the other Testament 1 word
- χθές chthés · G5504 · yesterday, always, eternally
- Greek temporal adverb denoting 'yesterday' or recent past time, serving as the standard Septuagint rendering of Hebrew אֶמֶשׁ across its attestations.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- Time002002002010
- אֶתְמוֹל is used of a prior time such as "yesterday" or "formerly," marking a point in the recent past.
- Temporal Referents003002006
- The word functions as a temporal referent contrasting an earlier time with the present, as in the phrase "neither before nor since."
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H570. emesh אֶ֫מֶשׁ adverb yesterday (etymology dubious; MV after Fl De on Job 30:3…
אֶ֫מֶשׁ adverb yesterday (etymology dubious; MV after Fl De on Job 30:3 compare Sta§ 256 c derive from √ משׁה = Arabic , whence , evening; see also in Thes, & compare Assyrian mušu, night COTGloss, Ethiopic but also Arabic = Assyrian amšatu, yesterday) = last night Gen 19:34; Gen 31:29, Gen 31:42 (אָ֑מֶשׁ); = recently 2Ki 9:26. — Job 30:3 ׳א שׁוֺאָה is difficult & uncertain Thes MV and others darkness, gloom of wasteness, so RV, but dubious, compare Di; G. Hoffm. reads שׁ ׳אֵם = the mother of (all) the ruined ( said of the desert).
אֲמִתַּי אֱמֶת see אמן.
אַמְתַּ֫חַת see מתח.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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