סָפָה
çâphâh · H5595 · Hebrew · 17 occurrences
Meanings
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to be captured
Literally: to be removed; hence: process by which humans are captured by other humans
ExamplesIsaiah 13:15 Anyone who is found will be thrust through, And anyone who is captured will fall by the sword.
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to be swept away
Literally: to be removed; hence: process by which humans or objects disappear from existence in a violent way
ExamplesDeuteronomy 29:19 “And it shall be when he hears the words of this curse, that he will consider himself fortunate in his heart, saying, ‘I will do well though I walk in the stubbornness of my heart in order to destroy the watered land along with the dry.’
1 Chronicles 21:12 three years of famine, or three months to be swept away before your foes while the sword of your enemies overtakes you, or else three days of the sword of the LORD: a plague in the land, and the angel of the LORD destroying throughout the territory of Israel.’ Now, therefore, consider what answer I shall bring back to Him who sent me.”
Proverbs 13:23 Abundant food is in the uncultivated ground of the poor, But it is swept away by injustice.
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to sweep away
Literally: to remove; hence: causative action by which deities cause humans or objects to be removed from existence
ExamplesGenesis 18:23 Abraham approached and said, “Will You indeed sweep away the righteous with the wicked?
Genesis 18:24 “Suppose there are fifty righteous people within the city; will You indeed sweep it away and not spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous who are in it?
Genesis 19:15 When morning dawned, the angels urged Lot, saying, “Up, take your wife and your two daughters who are here, or you will be swept away in the punishment of the city.”
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Literally: to remove (someone's) life; hence: causative action by which humans cause the life of other humans to come to a violent end (to sweep away (someone's) life)
ExamplesPsalm 40:14 May those be ashamed and humiliated together Who seek my life to destroy it; May those be turned back and dishonored Who delight in my hurt.
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to add
Action by which humans or deities increase the frequency of a certain number of actions
ExamplesDeuteronomy 32:23 ‘I will add misfortunes to them; I will use up My arrows on them.
How it’s used In 7 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
16 occurrences in 11 groups
- Not stated: you (one person) 4
- Other words · 10 groups that occur once or twice (14) 14
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
5 occurrences in 5 groups
- זָקָןbeard 1
- צַדִּיקrighteous, just, right 1
- רָוֶהmoist 1
- רַעevil, bad 1
- הָher 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
9 occurrences in 9 groups
- Other words · 9 groups that occur once or twice (9) 9
With adverbsAdverbs
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- עַתָּהnow 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- נָפַלto fall 1
What it is said to bePredicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- יֵשׁthere is, there are 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- לto/for 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- ἀπόλλυμι apóllymi · G622 · to ruin, to destroy, destruction
- Greek ἀπόλλυμι specifically emphasizes complete destruction or perishing, aligning most closely with the 'consume, destroy, perish' senses of Hebrew סָפָה rather than its 'add, augment, heap, join' senses—the overlap is real but sense-scoped to the destructive semantic range.
Semantic domains 5 entries
- Control002003002007
- A broader attested sense of adding to or joining together, not directly shown by the citations sampled here.
- Non-Exist002002002006
- One attested sense, to sweep away or destroy, as in Abraham's repeated plea to the LORD not to sweep away the righteous along with the wicked of Sodom.
- Dead002001001018
- The same destructive sense viewed as bringing death, as when Lot's family is warned they will be swept away in the city's destruction if they linger.
- Frequency002001003009
- A broader attested sense of repeated addition or increase, not directly shown by the citations sampled here.
- Intense002001003011
- A broader attested sense of intensifying or augmenting, not directly shown by the citations sampled here.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5595. saphah [סָפָה] verb sweep away or snatch away, catch up (Late Hebrew סָפָא ׳ספ,…
[סָפָה] verb sweep away or snatch away, catch up (Late Hebrew סָפָא ׳ספ, collect (rare), ׳סְפִ ᵑ7 (rare), Syriac collect, pick up; Arabic of wind, raise dust and carry it away Lane1377); —
Qal 1. intransitive: Perfect3feminine singular סָֽפְתָה Jer 12:4 be snatched away (read possibly סָ֫פָה [סוף]).
2 transitive: Imperfect3feminine singular תִּסְמֶּה Isa 7:20 sweep away beard; 2 masculine singular תִּסְמֶּה Gen 18:23-24, sweep away indiscriminately (good and bad); Infinitive construct סְפוֺת Deu 29:18 to snatch away the moist with the dry (proverb. expression, compare Dr), suffix לִסְמּוֺתָהּ Psa 40:15 to snatch it away (i.e. my life). — וְסָפ֫וּ Amo 3:15 see סוף.
Niph`al Pf .3masculine singular וְנִסְמָּה consecutive 1Sa 26:10; Imperfect2masculine singularתִּסָּפֶה Gen 19:15, Gen 19:17; Gen 19:1singular אֶסָּפֶה 1Sa 27:1-2;masculine plural תִּסָּפוּ Num 16:26, תִּסָּפ֑וּ 1Sa 12:25; Participle נִסְמֶּה Isa 13:15; Pro 13:23 (1Ch 21:12 see below); —
1 be swept away, destroyed, Gen 19:15 (הָעִיר בַּעֲוֺן by reason of the iniquity of the city), Gen 19:17 (both J), Num 16:26 (JE) 1Sa 12:25; 1Sa 26:10 (in battle), + בְּיַד of agent 1Sa 27:1; compare מִשְׁמָּט בְּלאֹ נִסְמֶּה וְיֵשׁ Pro 13:23 and there is that is swept away for lack of justice. — 1Ch 21:12 read נוּסְךָ (as || 2Sa 24:13, see נוּס).
2 be caught up, captured, Isa 13:15 (|| נִמְצָא).
Hiph`il Imperfect1singular רָעוֺת עָלֵימוֺ אֵסְמֶּה Deu 32:23 I will catch up against them calamities, but read אֹסְפָה I will gather (√ אסף), or < אֹסִפָה (Di Dr BuhlLex 13) I will add, i.e.multiply (√ יסף; see Ges§ 69h, note).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 4 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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