Word

סוּךְ

çûwk · H5480 · Hebrew · 12 occurrences

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Meanings

Action by which humans pour or rub liquid, usually olive oil, on their body, to clean and smooth the skin as an act of grooming (to anoint oneself (with oil), to rub (oil) on oneself)

Examples
Deuteronomy 28:40 “You will have olive trees throughout your territory but you will not anoint yourself with the oil, because your olives will drop off prematurely.
Ruth 3:3 “Wash yourself therefore, and anoint yourself, and put on your best clothes, and go down to the threshing floor; but do not reveal yourself to the man until he has finished eating and drinking.
2 Samuel 12:20 So David got up from the ground, washed, anointed himself, and changed his clothes; and he went into the house of the LORD and worshiped. Then he went to his own house, and when he asked, they served him food, and he ate.
Causative action by which humans pour or rub liquid, usually olive oil, on someone else's body, to clean and smooth the skin as an act of grooming (to anoint (someone with oil), to rub oil (on someone else))

Examples
2 Chronicles 28:15 Then the men who were designated by name got up, took the captives, and they clothed all their naked people from the spoils; they gave them clothes and sandals, fed them and gave them drink, anointed them with oil, led all their feeble ones on donkeys, and brought them to Jericho, the city of palm trees, to their brothers; then they returned to Samaria.
Ezekiel 16:9 “Then I bathed you with water, washed off your blood from you, and anointed you with oil.

How it’s used In 4 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

11 occurrences in 4 groups

Not stated: you (one person) 4
Not stated: I 3
Not stated: he, she or it 3
Not stated: they 1

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

7 occurrences in 5 groups

שֶׁמֶןoil 3
אֹיֵבenemy 1
מִצְרַיִםEgypt 1
ךְyou 1
הֶםthem 1

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

4 occurrences in 4 groups

עַדto, as far as, until+ מָלֵאto be full, to fill 1
עַלon, upon, over, against+ בָּשָׂרflesh 1
בin/on/with+ מִצְרַיִםEgypt 1
בin/on/with+ שֶׁמֶןoil 1

With adverbsAdverbs

5 occurrences in 2 groups

לֹאnot 4
אַלnot, do not 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 3 words

מָשַׁח mâshach · H4886 · to spread, to apply, to rub: Both words refer to applying oil or another substance by rubbing, the core sense of anointing. סוּךְ (çûwk, H5480) carries a reflexive nuance (anointing oneself), and מָשַׁח (mâshach, H4886) also has the sense "paint."
בָּלַל bâlal · H1101 · to mix, to mix (oneself) with (other people): בָּלַל (‘to mix, mingle, confound’; also ‘to anoint’) and סוּךְ (‘to anoint, rub with oil’) overlap in the sense of anointing or rubbing with oil; בָּלַל’s dominant senses concern mixing and confounding, so the overlap with סוּךְ is limited to this shared anointing usage.
מָרַח mârach · H4799 · to apply: מָרַח (‘to spread, plaster’) and סוּךְ (‘to anoint, rub with oil’) both describe applying or rubbing a substance onto a surface — one for spreading plaster, the other for applying oil — and are near-synonyms within the broader sense of application by rubbing.

In the other Testament 1 word

ἀλείφω aleíphō · G218 · to anoint: Greek ἀλείφω renders Hebrew סוּךְ in contexts of anointing with oil or perfume, sharing the core semantic domain of applying ointment to the body, typically for cosmetic or ritual purposes rather than consecration.

Semantic domains 2 entries

Rub002003001016: The word describes anointing oneself with oil, as David washes and anoints himself after mourning (2 Samuel 12:20) and Ruth is told to bathe and anoint herself (Ruth 3:3), tying the word to this act of applying oil to the body.
Urge002003003023: The word's anointing sense is tied to a customary act performed as part of social or festive preparation, a broader ceremonial-preparation sense than the plain physical application of oil.

Word family 2 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

סוּךְçûwk · H5480אָסוּךְ ʼâçûwk · H610 · jar with olive oil · 1×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5480. cuwk I. [סִיךְ סוּךְ, verb pour in anointing, anoint (Late Hebrew Aramaic סוּךְ…

H5480. cuwk
I. [סִיךְ סוּךְ, verb pour in anointing, anoint (Late Hebrew Aramaic סוּךְ anoint); —
Qal Perfect2feminine singular וָסַכְתְּ consecutive Rth 3:3; Rth 3:1singular סָ֑כְתִּי Dan 10:3; Imperfect2masculine singular תָּסוּךְ Deu 28:40; Mic 6:15; Mic 6:2feminine singular תָּסוּכִי 2Sa 14:2; 2Sa 14:1singular suffix וָאֲסֻכֵֿךְ Eze 16:9; Eze 16:3masculine plural suffix וַיְסֻכוּם2Ch 28:15; also (probably) 3 masculine singular וַ֫יָּסֶךְ 2Sa 12:20 (Ges§ 73f.); Infinitive absolute סוֺךְ Dan 10:3; apparently Imperfect passive is יִיסָ֔ךְ read יוסך Samaritan, compare Köi. 436 (and not
Hoph`al, compare Gesl.c.); — anoint, in the toilet, often after washing; usually
1 reflexive anoint oneself, 2Sa 12:20; Rth 3:3, לֹאסָֿ֑כְתִּי סוֺךְ Dan 10:3; + שֶׁמֶן as accusative of material 2Sa 14:2; Mic 6:15; Deu 28:40.
2 active, anoint another Eze 16:9 (בַּשֶּׁמֶן), 2Ch 28:15.
3 passive, be poured, Exo 30:32 (P; subject the sacred oil).

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 2 entries

Rub8 occurrences Urge2 occurrences

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0