Word

סוּג

çûwg · H5472 · Hebrew · 24 occurrences

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Meanings

to step back or retreat

The action by which humans take one or more steps backwards, usually because of a danger in front of them and against their will, resulting in shame

Examples
2 Samuel 1:22 “From the blood of those slaughtered, from the fat of the mighty, The bow of Jonathan did not turn back, And the sword of Saul did not return unstained.
Psalm 35:4 Let those be ashamed and dishonored who seek my life; Let those be turned back and humiliated who devise evil against me.
Psalm 40:14 May those be ashamed and humiliated together Who seek my life to destroy it; May those be turned back and dishonored Who delight in my hurt.
to cause to step back or retreat

The action by which humans are forced backwards, usually because of danger and against their will, resulting in shame; used only figuratively of failing justice

Examples
Isaiah 59:14 Justice is turned back, And righteousness stands far away; For truth has stumbled in the street, And uprightness cannot enter.
to move boundaries

Literally: to cause a boundary to step back; action by which humans move the signs marking the boundary of their land in order to enlarge their territory

Examples
Deuteronomy 19:14 “You shall not displace your neighbor’s boundary marker, which the ancestors have set, in your inheritance which you will inherit in the land that the LORD your God is giving you to possess.
Deuteronomy 27:17 ‘Cursed is one who displaces his neighbor’s boundary marker.’ And all the people shall say, ‘Amen.’
Proverbs 22:28 Do not move the ancient boundary Which your fathers have set.
to slide back, to go astray

Literally: to step back; hence: process by which humans gradually lose their loyalty towards a deity

Examples
Psalm 44:18 Our heart has not turned back, And our steps have not deviated from Your way,
Psalm 53:3 Every one of them has turned aside; together they have become corrupt; There is no one who does good, not even one.
Psalm 78:57 But turned back and acted treacherously like their fathers; They turned aside like a treacherous bow.

How it’s used In 7 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

23 occurrences in 13 groups

Not stated: they 6
Not stated: you (one person) 4
Not stated (participle) 3
Other words · 10 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

4 occurrences in 1 groups

גְּבוּלborder, territory 4

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

2 occurrences in 2 groups

מִןfrom+ ךָּyou 1
בin/on/with+ אֶרֶץland, earth, ground 1

With adverbsAdverbs

8 occurrences in 2 groups

לֹאnot 6
אַלnot, do not 2

Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive

1 occurrences in 1 groups

גְּבוּלborder, territory 1

What it doesIt is the subject

2 occurrences in 2 groups

שָׂבַעto be satiated 1
אָרַרto curse 1

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

1 occurrences in 1 groups

כlike/as 2

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 2 words

עָזַב ʻâzab · H5800 · to leave, to leave behind, to desert: סוּג (‘to turn away, backslide’) and עָזַב (‘to forsake, leave’) both belong to the semantic field of unfaithfulness, describing the abandonment of a covenant relationship or loyalty, and function as near-synonyms for turning away from or forsaking something.
סוּר çûwr · H5493 · to make a turn, to cause to make a turn: סוּג (‘turn away, backslide’) and סוּר (‘turn aside, depart, eschew’) both describe motion away from a position or loyalty, whether spatial or figurative, and are near-synonyms describing a turning away from a path or commitment.

In the other Testament 2 words

ἀποστρέφω apostréphō · G654 · to cause to turn away from, to cause to change one’s belief, to mislead: Greek ἀποστρέφω renders Hebrew סוּג in contexts of turning away or back, functioning as a direct translation equivalent across both literal and figurative senses of apostasy and physical retreat.
ἀφίστημι aphístēmi · G868 · to incite to revolt, to cause to rebel, to go away: ἀφίστημι captures the active revolt/apostasy sense of סוּג's backsliding usage, particularly in contexts of turning away from God or covenant faithfulness.

Semantic domains 4 entries

Move002002001012: סוּג describes moving or turning back, illustrated at Psalm 53:4 ("he backslides") and Isaiah 42:17 ("they will be turned back").
Space002002001017: This entry carries no independent "Space" sense of its own distinct from ordinary turning back; the genuine tagged occurrences concern turning back or backsliding, not spatial extent as such. The domain is bundle-shared with the lexeme's own broader sense range.
Unfaithful002001002027: The word is used of a backslider turning away from covenant loyalty, as the backslider in heart is filled with his own ways (Proverbs 14:14), tying the word to spiritual defection.
Arrange002002001001: סוּג also describes displacing a boundary marker, illustrated at Deuteronomy 19:14 ("you shall not displace your neighbor's boundary marker") and Proverbs 22:28 ("do not move the ancient boundary marker").

Word family 2 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

סוּגçûwg · H5472סִיג çîyg · H5509 · dross, base silver · 8×

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0