נָתַךְ
nâthak · H5413 · Hebrew · 21 occurrences
Meanings
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to pour
Process by which water flows from heaven in the form of rain
ExamplesExodus 9:33 So Moses left the city from his meeting with Pharaoh, and spread out his hands to the LORD; and the thunder and the hail stopped, and rain no longer poured on the earth.
2 Samuel 21:10 And Rizpah the daughter of Aiah took sackcloth and spread it out for herself on the rock, from the beginning of harvest until it rained on them from the sky; and she allowed neither the birds of the sky to rest on them by day nor the wild animals by night.
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to pour out
Causative process by which humans or deities cause a liquid or a quantity of small sized objects to flow from one place into another
Examples2 Kings 22:9 Then Shaphan the scribe came to the king and brought back word to the king and said, “Your servants have emptied out the money that was found in the house, and have handed it over to the workmen who have the oversight of the house of the LORD.”
2 Chronicles 34:17 “They have also emptied out the money which was found in the house of the LORD, and have handed it over to the supervisors and the workmen.”
Job 10:10 ‘Did You not pour me out like milk, And curdle me like cheese,
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Literally: to pour our (one's) anger or wrath; hence: action by which deities give full vent to their anger by administering punishment ((one's) anger is poured out)
Examples2 Chronicles 12:7 When the LORD saw that they had humbled themselves, the word of the LORD came to Shemaiah, saying, “They have humbled themselves, so I will not destroy them; and I will grant them a little deliverance, and My wrath will not be poured out on Jerusalem by means of Shishak.
2 Chronicles 34:21 “Go, inquire of the LORD for me and for those who are left in Israel and Judah, concerning the words of the book which has been found; for the wrath of the LORD which has poured out on us is great, because our fathers have not kept the word of the LORD, to act in accordance with everything that is written in this book.”
2 Chronicles 34:25 “Since they have abandoned Me and have burned incense to other gods, so that they may provoke Me to anger with all the works of their hands, My wrath will be poured out on this place and it will not be quenched.”’
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to be poured out > to happen with intensity
Literally: (an event) is poured out; hence: process by which an event takes place with some degree of intensity like a liquid that is pouring out from a container
ExamplesJob 3:24 “For my groaning comes at the sight of my food, And my cries pour out like water.
Daniel 9:11 “Indeed, all Israel has violated Your Law and turned aside, not obeying Your voice; so the curse has gushed forth on us, along with the oath which is written in the Law of Moses the servant of God, because we have sinned against Him.
Daniel 9:27 “And he will confirm a covenant with the many for one week, but in the middle of the week he will put a stop to sacrifice and grain offering; and on the wing of abominations will come the one who makes desolate, until a complete destruction, one that is decreed, gushes forth on the one who makes desolate.”
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to melt
Causative action by which humans or deities turn a solid substance into a liquid by exposing it to extreme heat
ExamplesEzekiel 22:20 ‘As they gather silver, bronze, iron, lead, and tin into the smelting furnace to blow fire on it in order to melt it, so I will gather you in My anger and in My wrath, and I will place you there and melt you.
Ezekiel 22:21 ‘And I will gather you and blow on you with the fire of My wrath, and you will be melted in the midst of it.
Ezekiel 22:22 ‘As silver is melted in the furnace, so you will be melted in the midst of it; and you will know that I, the LORD, have poured out My wrath on you.’”
How it’s used In 5 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
21 occurrences in 17 groups
- חֵמָהwrath, fury 7
- אַףanger, nose 3
- Other words · 15 groups that occur once or twice (16) 16
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
4 occurrences in 3 groups
- כֶּסֶףsilver 2
- נִיme 1
- כֶםyou 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
15 occurrences in 18 groups
- בin/on/with+ תָּוֶךְmiddle 3
- Other words · 17 groups that occur once or twice (17) 17
With adverbsAdverbs
4 occurrences in 2 groups
- כֵּןthus 2
- לֹאnot 2
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- כlike/as 1
- לto/for 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- מָסַס mâçaç · H4549 · to melt, to dissolve, to lose heart
- Both terms share the sense of melting or dissolving, functioning as two distinct Hebrew verbs for the same basic process.
- מוּג mûwg · H4127 · to melt, to make soft
- Both words denote melting and softening. מוּג (mûwg, H4127) is "melt away, dissolve, make soft" and נָתַךְ (nâthak, H5413) "melt, pour forth," and they are interchangeable in contexts of melting or dissolving.
Semantic domains 4 entries
- Flow002002001008
- The word describes pouring or flowing, as hail and rain pour on the earth (Exodus 9:33) and dew that would not pour down (2 Samuel 21:10's setting), tying the word to this liquid movement.
- Chastise002003002005
- The word is used of divine wrath being poured out in judgment, as the LORD's wrath will not be poured out on Jerusalem when the people humble themselves (2 Chronicles 12:7), tying the word to punitive outpouring.
- Happen002002003003
- The word's pouring-out sense extends to an event or outcome coming to pass through this release, a broader occurrence sense than the literal liquid-pouring citations.
- Soft002001001057
- The word is also used of metal melting into a molten, liquid state, tying the word to this softening transformation under heat.
Word family 2 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5413. nathak [נָתַךְ verb pour forth (intransitive), be poured out (Late Hebrew id.,…
[נָתַךְ verb pour forth (intransitive), be poured out (Late Hebrew id., Niph`al flow, Hiph`il melt (transitive); Assyrian natâku, flow DlHWB 487 JägerBAS ii. 292; ᵑ7 Aph`el pour out, especially melt; Zinjirli ליתכה (Haph`el) NöZMG xlvii (1893), 98 Cook83; Syriac (rare) PS2480); —
Qal Imperfect3feminine singular תִּתַּךְ Jer 42:18 Jer 42:3t., וַתִּתַּךְ Jer 44:6; Dan 9:11; Dan 9:3masculine plural וַיִּתְּכוּ Job 3:34; — pour forth, always figurative, ׳וַיִתּ שַׁאֲגֹתָ֑י כַמַּיִם Job 3:24 and my groans have poured forth like water; usually of divine wrath (חֵמָה) Jer 42:18 (with עַלֿ person), Jer 44:6 (absolute), 2Ch 12:7; 2Ch 34:25 (both with בְּ local against); compare also Dan 9:11 Dan 9:27 (both with עַלֿ person)
Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular נִתַּךְ Exo 9:33 Exo 9:2t.; 3 feminine singular נִתְּכָה Nah 1:6; 2Ch 34:21, וְנִתְּכָה consecutive Eze 24:11; Eze 24:2masculine plural וְנִתַּכְתֶּם Eze 22:21; Participle feminine נִתֶּ֫בֶת Jer 7:20: — be poured, of rain, אָ֑רְצָה Exo 9:33 (J), compare ׳נ עֲלֵיהֶם מַיִם 2Sa 21:10; be poured out, of wrath of ׳י Nah 1:6 (absolute), Jer 7:20 (with אֶלֿ location), Jer 42:18 (with עַלֿ person), 2Ch 34:21 (with בְּ person); be poured forth i.e. melted, annihilated in the midst of (בְּתוֺךְ) the fire of ׳יs fury Eze 22:21 (subject persons), so Eze 24:11 (subject impurity, figurative of caldron).
Hiph`il Perfect3masculine plural אֶתהַֿכֶּסֶף עֲבָדֶיךָ הִתִּיכוּ 2Ki 22:9 thy servants have poured out the money (|| 2Ch 34:12 below); 1 singular אֶתְכֶם וְהִתַּכְתִּ֫י consecutive Eze 22:20 and I will, melt you (figurative of judgment); Infinitive construct לְהַנְתִּיךְ Eze 22:20 in order to melt it (i.e. metal in furnace; Co after ᵐ5. ᵑ6 reads לְהִנָּתֵךְ
Niph`al Infinitive, so Berthol, compare Toy); Imperfect3masculine plural וַיַּתִּיכוּ2Ch 34:17 (|| 2Ki 22:9 above); תַּתִּיכֵנִי כֶחָלָב הֲלֹא Job 10:10 dost (= didst) thou not pour me out like milk? (of beginnings of life).
Hoph`al Imperfect2masculine plural תֻּתְּכוּ כֵּן Eze 22:22 so shall ye be melted (figurative of judgement).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 4 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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