נֶשֶׁף
nesheph · H5399 · Hebrew · 12 occurrences
Meanings
-
twilight, dusk, dawn, early morning
The time of day before the sun comes up and after the sun goes down
Examples1 Samuel 30:17 And David slaughtered them from the twilight until the evening of the next day; and not a man of them escaped, except four hundred young men who rode on camels and fled.
2 Kings 7:5 So they got up at twilight to go to the camp of the Arameans; when they came to the outskirts of the camp of the Arameans, behold, there was no one there.
2 Kings 7:7 So they got up and fled at twilight, and abandoned their tents, their horses, and their donkeys—indeed the camp itself, just as it was; and they fled for their lives.
How it’s used In 4 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- חֵשֶׁקdesire 1
- הוּhis 1
What is done to itIt is the object
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- שׂוּםto put, to set, to place 1
- שָׁמַרto keep, to guard, to observe 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
8 occurrences in 4 groups
- בin/on/with 9
- עַדto, as far as, until 2
- כlike/as 2
- מִןfrom 1
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- הַרmountain 1
- כּוֹכָבstar 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- σκότος skótos · G4655 · darkness, evil world, realm of evil
- נֶשֶׁף (nesheph, H5399) denotes the transitional periods of twilight (dawn or dusk), while σκότος (skótos, G4655) refers more broadly to darkness or obscurity as a state; the Hebrew term is time-specific (liminal light conditions), whereas the Greek term is condition-specific (absence of light).
Semantic domains 1 entry
- Time002002002010
- The word names twilight or the dusk-to-dawn period, whether evening dusk or morning dawn, as those who lie in wait watch through the twilight and into the night (Job 24:15), tying the word to this transitional time of day.
Word family 2 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5399. nesheph נֶ֫שֶׁף noun masculine twilight (properly twilight-breeze, compare הַיּוֺם…
נֶ֫שֶׁף noun masculine twilight (properly twilight-breeze, compare הַיּוֺם לְרוּחַ Gen 3:8; Late Hebrew id.; נִשְׁמָּא נְשֶׁף, ᵑ7; — ׳נ absolute 1Sa 30:17 +, נָ֑שֶׁף Jer 13:16; construct Isa 21:4; suffix נִשְׁמּוֺ Job 3:9; —
1 evening twilight 2Ki 7:5, 2Ki 7:7 (compare לַיְלָה 2Ki 7:12); opposed to בֹּקֶר Isa 5:11; time of concealment Job 24:15; Pro 7:9 (+ וַאֲפֵלָה לַיְלָה אִישׁוֺן יוֺם, עֶרֶב, to emphasize sin that shuns the day); of refreshing Isa 21:4 ׳(נ חִשְׁקִיׅ; of stumbling, in dim light Isa 59:10 (opposed to צָהֳרַיִם), so נָ֑שֶׁף הָרֵי Jer 13:16 (both figurative); נִשְׁמּוֺ כּוֺכְבֵי Job 3:9 the stars of its twilight (i.e. of night of Job's birth). — so לְמָחֳרָתָם ׳מֵהַנּ וְעַדהָֿעֶרֶב 1 Samuel 30 Klo Kit HPS (read לְהַחֲרִמָם for ׳לְמָח, We Kit Bu); Th, after Luth, below so BuhlKex SS; Löhr allows either.
2 morning twilight Job 7:4 (opposed to עֶרֶב). apparently also Psa 119:147.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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