נָטַר
nâṭar · H5201 · Hebrew · 9 occurrences
Meanings
-
to watch over, to guard, to be in charge of, to take care of, to protect, to tend, to keep
Causative action by which humans make sure that an object is safe from harm; by observing the object and the surrounding area carefully and intervening when necessary
ExamplesSong of Solomon 1:6 “Do not stare at me because I am dark, For the sun has tanned me. My mother’s sons were angry with me; They made me caretaker of the vineyards, But I have not taken care of my own vineyard.
Song of Solomon 8:11 “Solomon had a vineyard at Baal-hamon; He entrusted the vineyard to caretakers. Each one was to bring a thousand shekels of silver for its fruit.
Song of Solomon 8:12 “My very own vineyard is at my disposal; The thousand shekels are for you, Solomon, And two hundred are for those who take care of its fruit.”
-
to hold a grudge
State in which humans or deities remain angry with (other) humans for an extended period of time
ExamplesLeviticus 19:18 ‘You shall not take vengeance, nor hold any grudge against the sons of your people, but you shall love your neighbor as yourself; I am the LORD.
Psalm 103:9 He will not always contend with us, Nor will He keep His anger forever.
Jeremiah 3:5 ‘Will He be angry forever, Or keep His anger to the end?’ Behold, you have spoken And have done evil things, And you have had your own way.”
How it’s used In 7 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
8 occurrences in 5 groups
- Not stated: I 2
- Not stated: he, she or it 2
- Not stated (participle) 2
- הוּאhe, she, it 1
- Not stated: you (one person) 1
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
4 occurrences in 3 groups
- כֶּרֶםvineyard 2
- בֵּןson 1
- פְּרִיfruit, produce 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
4 occurrences in 2 groups
- לto/for+ עוֹלָםforever 3
- לto/for+ אֹיֵבenemy 1
With adverbsAdverbs
4 occurrences in 1 groups
- לֹאnot 4
Second object ofSecond object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- שׂוּםto put, to set, to place 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- מֵאָהhundred 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 1 groups
- לto/for 3
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- Safe002003003019
- The domain classification here reflects the word's use for keeping or guarding something entrusted to one's care, as the beloved is made "caretaker" of vineyards (Song of Solomon 1:6, 8:11-12), a custodial safekeeping.
- Know002004002007
- This entry carries no independent "Know" sense of its own; every genuine tagged occurrence of נָטַר (e.g. Leviticus 19:18, Psalm 103:9) concerns keeping or holding a grudge, not knowledge. The domain is bundle-shared with the lexeme's own broader sense range, illustrated at Leviticus 19:18 ("you shall not take vengeance, nor hold any grudge against the sons of your people") and Psalm 103:9 ("He will not always contend with us, nor will He keep His anger forever").
- Angry002001002002
- נָטַר denotes bearing a grudge, holding onto anger against someone, as the law commands not to bear a grudge against one's own people (Leviticus 19:18) and the psalmist notes the LORD does not "keep His anger forever" (Psalm 103:9), tying the word to sustained resentment.
Word family 3 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5201. natar [נָטַר] verb keep (less common || of נָצַר) (Late Hebrew id.; נְטַר ᵑ7,…
[נָטַר] verb keep (less common || of נָצַר) (Late Hebrew id.; נְטַר ᵑ7, Syriac id.; Nabataean in proper name Lzb323 (compare also below), Arabic id. (object garden, etc.)); —
Qal Perfect1singular נָטָ֑רְתִּי Son 1:6; Imperfect3masculine singular יִטּוֺר Psa 103:9, יִנְטוֺר Jer 3:5; read וַיִּטֹּר also Amo 1:11 (for יִטְרֹף ᵑ0) OlPsa 103:9 We Now GASm Dr; 2 masculine singular תִּטִּר Lev 19:18; Lev 19:1singular אֶטּוֺר Jer 3:12; Participle active נוֺטֵר Nah 1:2; feminine נֹטֵרָה Son 1:6; masculine plural נֹטְרִים Son 8:11-12, —
1 keep, maintain (that is, wrath), of ׳י Jer 3:5, Jer 3:12; Nah 1:2 (with לְ for), Psa 103:9; of Edom Amo 1:11 (reading אַמּוֺ לָעַד וַיִּטֹּר and he kept his anger perpetually, see above).
2 keep, guard a vineyard Son 1:6, Son 1:6 (in figurative), absolute Son 8:11, object מִּרְיוֺ Son 8:12.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
New American Standard Bible Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, Calif. All rights reserved. For Permission to Quote Information visit http://www.lockman.org.